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Chairman of the Government of the Slovak Republic
Coat of arms of Slovakia.svg
Robert Fico, Nov 2023.jpg
Incumbent
Robert Fico

since 25 October 2023
Member of European Council
Residence Episcopal Summer Palace,
Old Town, Bratislava
Appointer President of the Slovak Republic
Term length Four years
renewable
Formation 1 January 1993
First holder Vladimír Mečiar
Salary c. 132,000 per annum
(2024)


The Prime Minister of Slovakia is the main leader of the Slovak government. Their official title is the Chairman of the Government of the Slovak Republic. In Slovak, people often call them Predseda vlády or Premiér.

Even though the President and the chairman of the National Council (Parliament) are officially higher, the Prime Minister is usually the most important political figure in the country.

The position of Prime Minister was created in 1969. Since Slovakia became an independent country in 1993, nine different people have held this job. The current Prime Minister, Robert Fico, took office on October 25, 2023.

History of the Prime Minister's Role

The role of Prime Minister in Slovakia began in 1969. This happened when the country was part of Czechoslovakia. Before that, similar leaders existed in different Slovak governments since 1918.

Slovakia became an independent country on January 1, 1993. Since then, the Prime Minister has been the head of the government. Vladimír Mečiar was the first Prime Minister of the independent Slovak Republic.

Robert Fico is the current Prime Minister. He has served the longest time in this role if you add up all his terms. As of 2025, he has been Prime Minister for a total of 11 years.

What the Prime Minister Does

Slovakia is a parliamentary republic. This means the Prime Minister and the government are responsible to the National Council (Parliament). The Slovak Constitution says that a Prime Minister must have the Parliament's support. They need to gain this support when they start their job and keep it afterwards.

If the Prime Minister loses the Parliament's support, the President must remove them. The President then chooses a new Prime Minister. Sometimes, the removed Prime Minister might stay on as a temporary leader with limited powers.

The Prime Minister is a very powerful position in Slovakia. They lead and manage the government. While the President officially appoints government ministers, they do so based on the Prime Minister's suggestions.

Becoming the Prime Minister

Sometimes, a person is called the "Designated Prime Minister of Slovakia." This is an unofficial title. It means the President has asked this person to form a new government. This happens when the old Prime Minister is leaving.

This tradition is not written in a law. Instead, it's a long-standing practice. The President usually chooses someone who has the support of most members in the National Council. This helps ensure the new government will be strong.

Prime Ministers of the Slovak Republic (since 1993)

Here is a list of the Prime Ministers who have served since Slovakia became an independent country in 1993.

Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)
Took office Left office Duration Party Cabinet Composition Election President
Vladimir Meciar.jpg Vladimír Mečiar
(born 1942)
1 January
1993
15 March
1994
1 year, 73 days HZDS Mečiar II HZDS • SNS 1992 Michal Kováč.jpg
Michal Kováč
(1993–1998)
Jozef Moravčík.jpg Jozef Moravčík
(born 1945)
15 March
1994
13 December
1994
273 days DEÚS Moravčík SDĽ • KDH • DEÚS • NDS
Vladimir Meciar.jpg Vladimír Mečiar
(born 1942)
13 December
1994
30 October
1998
3 years, 321 days HZDS Mečiar III HZDS • SNS • ZRS 1994
Mikulas Dzurinda.jpg Mikuláš Dzurinda
(born 1956)
30 October
1998
16 October
2002
7 years, 247 days SDK Dzurinda I SDK • SDĽ • SMK • SOP 1998 Rudolf Schuster 2011.jpg
Rudolf Schuster
(1999–2004)
16 October
2002
4 July
2006
SDKÚ Dzurinda II SDKÚ • SMK • KDH • ANO
(2002–2006)
2002
SDKÚ • SMK • ANO
(2006)
Ivan Gašparovič (cropped) Election infobox.jpg
Ivan Gašparovič
(2004–2014)
Valdis Dombrovskis tiekas ar Slovākijas premjeru Robertu Fico (8053988819) (cropped).jpg Robert Fico
(born 1964)
4 July
2006
8 July
2010
4 years, 4 days Smer Fico I Smer • SNS • ĽS–HZDS 2006
Prime Minister Iveta Radičová (cropped).jpg Iveta Radičová
(born 1956)
8 July
2010
4 April
2012
1 year, 271 days SDKÚ–DS Radičová SDKÚ–DS • SaS • KDH • Most–Híd 2010
Robert Fico, official portrait (2016, cropped).jpg Robert Fico
(born 1964)
4 April
2012
23 March
2016
5 years, 352 days Smer Fico II Smer 2012
23 March
2016
22 March
2018
Fico III Smer • SNS • Most–Híd • Network
(2016)
2016 Andrej Kiska in Senate of Poland (cropped 1).jpg
Andrej Kiska
(2014–2019)
Smer • SNS • Most–Híd
(2016–2018)
Peter Pellegrini 555x763.jpg Peter Pellegrini
(born 1975)
22 March
2018
21 March
2020
1 year, 365 days Smer Pellegrini Smer • SNS • Most–Híd
Zuzana Caputova, 2023.jpg
Zuzana Čaputová
(2019–2024)
Igor Matovič after an interview (2020).jpg Igor Matovič
(born 1973)
21 March
2020
1 April
2021
1 year, 11 days OĽaNO–NOVA–KÚ–ZZ Matovič OĽaNO–NOVA–KÚ–ZZ • We Are Family • SaS • For the People 2020
Eduard Heger 817x1119.jpg Eduard Heger
(born 1976)
1 April
2021
15 May
2023
2 years, 44 days OĽaNO–NOVA–KÚ–ZZ Heger OĽaNO–NOVA–KÚ–ZZ • We Are Family • SaS • For the People
(2021–2022)
OĽaNO–NOVA–KÚ–ZZ • We Are Family • For the People
(2022–2023)
Ludovit Odor 753x1039.png Ľudovít Ódor
(born 1976)
15 May
2023
25 October
2023
163 days Independent Ódor Technocratic cabinet
Robert Fico, Nov 2023.jpg Robert Fico
(born 1964)
25 October
2023
Incumbent 1 year, 280 days Smer Fico IV Smer • Hlas • SNS 2023
Peter Pellegrini, 2024.jpg

Peter Pellegrini

(2024-incumbent)

Timeline

Slovak Republic (1993–present)

Ľudovít Ódor Eduard Heger Igor Matovič Peter Pellegrini Iveta Radičová Robert Fico Mikuláš Dzurinda Jozef Moravčík Vladimír Mečiar

See also

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