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Parliamentary republic facts for kids

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Form of government parliamentary
States with a parliamentary system are shown in red and orange. Red is a constitutional monarchy. Orange is a parliamentary republic. Green is where the parliament helps the executive, but does not choose it.

A parliamentary republic is a type of government where the people choose their leaders. It's a system used in many countries around the world. In this system, the people vote for representatives who then choose the main leader of the country.

What is a Parliamentary Republic?

In a parliamentary system, there are two main parts of government:

  • The legislature (or parliament) is the group that makes laws.
  • The executive is the part of government that carries out and enforces these laws.

In a parliamentary republic, the people choose the members of the legislature through elections. This means the lawmakers get their power from the people. Then, the executive leaders get their power from the legislature. So, the people are the ultimate source of power in this type of government.

How Leaders Are Chosen

The people vote for many individuals to become members of the legislature. This group of elected people then comes together to choose one person to be their main leader. This leader is often a member of the legislature themselves. In most countries, this important job is called the Prime Minister. The Prime Minister is the head of government and leads the country.

This way of choosing leaders is different from other systems. For example, in some other parliamentary systems, members might be chosen by a head of state, local leaders, or even by birth. But in a parliamentary republic, the people directly choose the members of parliament. They do this by voting for politicians in their area or for a political party. The politicians they elect then go to parliament to create laws and select the head of government. This gives the people a lot of power in deciding who runs their country.

Countries with a Parliamentary Republic

Country Parliamentary republic adopted
Albania Albania 1991
Bangladesh Bangladesh 1991
Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina 1991
Botswana Botswana 1966
Bulgaria Bulgaria 1989
Cape Verde Cape Verde 1990
Croatia Croatia 2000
Czech Republic Czech Republic 1993
Dominica Dominica 1978
East Timor East Timor 1999
Estonia Estonia 1991
Ethiopia Ethiopia 1991
Finland Finland 1919
Germany Germany 1949
Greece Greece 1975
Hungary Hungary 1990
Iceland Iceland 1944
 India 1950
Iraq Iraq 2005
Republic of Ireland Ireland 1949
Israel Israel 1948
Italy Italy 1946
Kiribati Kiribati 1979
Kyrgyzstan Kyrgyzstan 2010
Latvia Latvia 1991
Lebanon Lebanon 1941
Libya Libya 2012
Lithuania Lithuania 1991
North Macedonia Macedonia 1991
Malta Malta 1974
Marshall Islands Marshall Islands 1979
 Mauritius 1992
Federated States of Micronesia Federated States of Micronesia 1986
Moldova Moldova 1994
Mongolia Mongolia 1949
Montenegro Montenegro 1992
Nauru Nauru 1968
Nepal Nepal 2008
Pakistan Pakistan 2010
Poland Poland 1990
Samoa Samoa 2007
San Marino San Marino 1291
Serbia Serbia 1991
Singapore Singapore 1995
Slovakia Slovakia 1993
Slovenia Slovenia 1991
Somalia Somalia 2012
South Africa South Africa 1961
Switzerland Switzerland 1848
 Trinidad and Tobago 1976
Turkey Turkey 1946
Vanuatu Vanuatu 1980

See also

Kids robot.svg In Spanish: República parlamentaria para niños

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