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Martina Navratilova
Martina Navratilova (7490733436).jpg
Navratilova at the Eastbourne International, June 2011
Country (sports)
  •  United States (from October 1975)
  •  Czechoslovakia (through September 1975)
Residence Miami, Florida, U.S.
Born (1956-10-18) October 18, 1956 (age 68)
Prague, Czechoslovakia
Height 5 ft 8 in (173 cm)
Turned pro 1974
Retired 2006
Plays Left-handed (one-handed backhand)
Prize money US,626,089
  • 22nd in all-time rankings
Int. Tennis HoF 2000 (member page)
Singles
Career record 1442–219 (86.82%)
Career titles 167 (Open era record)
Highest ranking No. 1 (July 10, 1978)
Grand Slam singles results
Australian Open W (1981, 1983, 1985)
French Open W (1982, 1984)
Wimbledon W (1978, 1979, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987, 1990)
US Open W (1983, 1984, 1986, 1987)
Other tournaments
Tour Finals W (1978, 1979, 1981, 1983, 1984, 1985, 1986Mar, 1986Nov)
Doubles
Career record 747–143 (83.93%)
Career titles 177 (Open era record)
Highest ranking No. 1 (September 10, 1984)
Grand Slam doubles results
Australian Open W (1980, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1985, 1987, 1988, 1989)
French Open W (1975, 1982, 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987, 1988)
Wimbledon W (1976, 1979, 1981, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1986)
US Open W (1977, 1978, 1980, 1983, 1984, 1986, 1987, 1989, 1990)
Other doubles tournaments
Tour Finals W (1977, 1978, 1980, 1981, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1985, 1986Nov, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1991)
Olympic Games QF (2004)
Mixed doubles
Career titles 15
Grand Slam mixed doubles results
Australian Open W (2003)
French Open W (1974, 1985)
Wimbledon W (1985, 1993, 1995, 2003)
US Open W (1985, 1987, 2006)
Team competitions
Fed Cup W (1975, 1982, 1986, 1989)
Coaching career (2014–2015)

Martina Navratilova (born October 18, 1956) is a famous Czech-American former professional tennis player. Many people consider her one of the greatest tennis players ever.

Navratilova was ranked the world No. 1 in singles for a total of 332 weeks. This is the second-longest time in the Open Era. She was also No. 1 in doubles for a record 237 weeks. She won 167 top-level singles titles and 177 doubles titles, which are both records for the Open Era.

Her major wins include 18 major singles titles, 31 major women's doubles titles, and 10 major mixed doubles titles. Her total of 59 major titles is the most in the Open Era. She also holds the record for nine Wimbledon singles titles. Along with Chris Evert, her biggest rival, Navratilova was a top player in women's tennis during the 1980s.

Navratilova won a record six major singles titles in a row in 1983 and 1984. At the same time, she won the Grand Slam in doubles. In 1983, she had the best professional season winning 98.8% of her matches (86 wins and only 1 loss). She also had the longest winning streak on any surface, with 74 straight match wins. She reached the Wimbledon singles final 12 times, including nine years in a row from 1982 to 1990.

Navratilova is one of only three tennis players to have won a career Grand Slam in singles, doubles, and mixed doubles. This is called the career "Boxed Set". She won her last major title, the mixed doubles at the 2006 US Open, just before her 50th birthday. This was 32 years after her first major title in 1974.

Martina was born in Czechoslovakia. In 1975, when she was 18, she asked the United States for temporary residence and became a U.S. citizen in 1981. In 2008, she also got her Czech citizenship back, so she is now a dual citizen. She has been an activist for human rights and equality.

Early Life and Tennis Beginnings

Martina Navratilova was born Martina Šubertová in Prague, Czechoslovakia. Her parents divorced when she was three. Her mother, who was a good gymnast, tennis player, and ski instructor, moved the family to Řevnice. In 1962, her mother Jana married Miroslav Navrátil. He became Martina's first tennis coach. Martina then took her stepfather's last name, becoming Martina Navrátilová.

Martina has a younger sister, Jana. Her grandmother, Agnes Semanska, was also a tennis player. She played for the Czechoslovak Federation before World War II. She was ranked as high as No. 2 among Czech women.

When Martina was four, she started hitting a tennis ball against a concrete wall. She began playing tennis regularly at age seven. In 1972, at 15, Martina won the Czechoslovakia national tennis championship. In 1973, at 16, she started playing on the U.S. professional tour. She officially became a professional in 1975.

Her early success in major tournaments was on the red clay courts of the French Open. She reached the quarterfinals there in 1973 and 1974.

Professional Tennis Journey

Starting Her Career in Tennis

Tennis Nederland tegen Verenigde Staten in Den Haag Navratilova in aktie, Bestanddeelnr 930-9118 (cropped)
Martina Navratilova in 1980.

Martina Navratilova won her first professional singles title in Orlando, Florida, in 1974. She was 17 years old. When she first came to the United States, Navratilova lived with former actress Frances Dewey Wormser and her husband.

In 1975, Navratilova was the runner-up in two major singles tournaments. She lost at the Australian Open and the French Open. After losing in the semifinals of the U.S. Open in September, 18-year-old Navratilova decided to leave Communist Czechoslovakia. She received a green card within a month and became a U.S. citizen in 1981.

Also in 1975, Navratilova teamed up with Chris Evert to win the French Open women's doubles title. This was Navratilova's first major title outside of mixed doubles. They also won the Wimbledon women's doubles title in 1976.

Winning Wimbledon in 1978

Navratilova won her first major singles title at Wimbledon in 1978. She beat Chris Evert in the final. This win also made her the world No. 1 player for the first time. She held this top spot until Evert took it back in January 1979.

Navratilova won Wimbledon again in 1979, beating Evert in the final. She ended that year as the World No. 1. In 1981, Navratilova won her third major singles title at the Australian Open, again defeating Evert. She also reached the U.S. Open final that year but lost to Tracy Austin. In 1982, Navratilova won both Wimbledon and the French Open.

Tennis Nederland tegen Verenigde Staten in Den Haag Betty Stöve (links) en Martina Navrátilová, Bestanddeelnr 930-9117
Martina Navratilova and Betty Stöve during a match in 1980.

Years of Great Success

After changing her exercise plan and using new racquets, Navratilova became the strongest player in women's tennis. In 1983, she lost only one singles match all year, finishing with an amazing 86–1 record. This was the best winning percentage for a professional tennis player since 1968. From 1982 to 1984, Navratilova lost only six singles matches in total. This included 13 wins in a row against her main rival, Chris Evert.

In 1984, Navratilova won the French Open. This meant she held all four major singles titles at the same time. She also won Wimbledon and the U.S. Open that year. This made her the first player to win major titles on clay, grass, and hard courts in the same year. Her winning streak of 74 matches in a row, a record for professionals, ended in the semifinals of the 1984 Australian Open.

In 1984, Navratilova also achieved a calendar Grand Slam in women's doubles with her partner Pam Shriver. They had an incredible winning streak of 109 matches between 1983 and 1985. Navratilova was the world No. 1 doubles player for over three years in the 1980s. From 1985 to 1987, she reached the singles final at all 11 major tournaments, winning six of them. She reached the Wimbledon final nine times in a row from 1982 to 1990.

Rivalry with Chris Evert

Martina Navratilova and Chris Evert had one of the greatest rivalries in tennis history. In 1985, they played an epic French Open final. Evert won in three tough sets. Overall, Navratilova won 43 of their 80 matches. In Grand Slam tournaments, Navratilova led 14–8, and in Grand Slam finals, she led 10–4.

Rivalry with Steffi Graf

In 1986, Navratilova beat 17-year-old German player Steffi Graf in a thrilling U.S. Open semifinal. She then won the final easily. Navratilova also won the women's doubles title with Pam Shriver. She ended 1986 as the world No. 1 for the fifth year in a row.

In 1987, Graf beat Navratilova in the French Open final. However, Navratilova defeated Graf in the finals of both Wimbledon and the U.S. Open. At the U.S. Open, Navratilova achieved a rare "Triple Crown" by winning the singles, women's doubles, and mixed doubles titles. Graf later broke Navratilova's record for most weeks as world No. 1. However, Navratilova won almost three times as many total titles (singles, doubles, mixed) as Graf.

Navratilova and Sukova
Navratilova and Suková playing doubles

Winning Her Last Major Singles Title

Navratilova's last Grand Slam singles win was in 1990. At Wimbledon, 33-year-old Navratilova beat Zina Garrison to win her record ninth Wimbledon singles title. She won four other tournaments that year. She finished the year ranked No. 3 in the world.

In September 1992, 35-year-old Navratilova played against 40-year-old Jimmy Connors in a special match called the "Battle of the Sexes." Connors won the match.

Even though Wimbledon 1990 was her last major singles title, Navratilova reached two more major singles finals. In 1991, she lost in the U.S. Open final. In 1994, at age 37, she reached the Wimbledon final but lost. In November 1994, she retired from full-time singles play. She was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 2000.

Focusing on Doubles Play

In 2000, Navratilova returned to playing tennis, mostly focusing on doubles events. In 2003, she won the mixed doubles titles at both the Australian Open and Wimbledon with Leander Paes. This made her the oldest major champion ever, at 46 years and 8 months old. The Australian Open win also meant she had completed a "boxed set" of major titles. This means she won the singles, women's doubles, and mixed doubles at all four major tournaments.

Her Wimbledon win in 2003 tied Billie Jean King's record of 20 Wimbledon titles across all events. It also brought her total number of major titles to 58. In 2004, at 47 years old, Navratilova became the oldest player to win a professional singles match in the Open Era at Wimbledon.

On July 6, 2006, Navratilova played her last matches at Wimbledon. She said she simply wanted to win one more title there.

Retirement from Tennis

Navratilova ended her amazing career by winning the mixed doubles title at the 2006 U.S. Open with Bob Bryan. She was almost 50 years old, breaking her own record as the oldest major champion.

Navratilova won 167 top-level singles titles and 177 doubles titles, more than any other player in the Open Era. Her last women's doubles title was in August 2006. She won 18 major singles titles: nine at Wimbledon, four at the U.S. Open, three at the Australian Open, and two at the French Open. She is the only player to win at least one tour event for 21 years in a row. Her career singles match win total of 1,442 is the most in the Open Era.

Playing Style and Coaches

Navratilova was known for her attacking "serve and volley" style of play. This means she would serve and then quickly run to the net to hit the next shot.

Chris Evert once said that Martina "changed the game with her amazing athleticism and aggressive play." She also said that Martina brought a new level of fitness to tennis with her training methods.

Throughout her career, Navratilova had several coaches. These included Miroslav Navrátil, Renée Richards, and Mike Estep.

Coaching Career

In December 2014, Martina Navratilova joined Agnieszka Radwańska's coaching team. However, they decided to stop working together in April 2015.

Personal Life and Activism

In 1985, Navratilova released her autobiography called Martina. She also wrote a tennis instruction book and three mystery novels. Her most recent book, Shape Your Self, is about health and fitness. A documentary called Unmatched was made about her rivalry with Chris Evert.

Health Challenges

In 1982, Navratilova had a health issue that affected her performance at the U.S. Open. In 1985, she started wearing glasses because her eyesight began to get worse. Her glasses became a well-known part of her image.

On April 7, 2010, Navratilova announced she was being treated for breast cancer. In December 2010, she was hospitalized after trying to climb Mount Kilimanjaro. In January 2023, Navratilova was diagnosed with both throat and breast cancer. After treatment, she announced in March 2023 that she was cancer-free.

Advocacy and Beliefs

Navratilova is involved with many charities. These groups help animals, children in need, and work for human rights. She is also a Health and Fitness Ambassador for AARP, helping people live active, healthy lives.

Navratilova has spoken out against the government system in her home country, Czechoslovakia, which led her to move to the U.S. She has also been a strong voice for equality and human rights. She believes in fair play and equal opportunities for everyone.

Career Statistics

Grand Slam Singles Finals: 32 (18 Wins–14 Losses)

By winning the 1983 U.S. Open title, Navratilova completed the career Grand Slam. She was only the seventh woman in history to do so.

Result Year Championship Surface Opponent Score
Loss 1975 Australian Open Grass Australia Evonne Goolagong 3–6, 2–6
Loss 1975 French Open Clay United States Chris Evert 6–2, 2–6, 1–6
Win 1978 Wimbledon Grass United States Chris Evert 2–6, 6–4, 7–5
Win 1979 Wimbledon (2) Grass United States Chris Evert 6–4, 6–4
Loss 1981 US Open Hard United States Tracy Austin 6–1, 6–7(4–7), 6–7(1–7)
Win 1981 Australian Open Grass United States Chris Evert 6–7(4–7), 6–4, 7–5
Win 1982 French Open Clay United States Andrea Jaeger 7–6(8–6), 6–1
Win 1982 Wimbledon (3) Grass United States Chris Evert 6–1, 3–6, 6–2
Loss 1982 Australian Open Grass United States Chris Evert 3–6, 6–2, 3–6
Win 1983 Wimbledon (4) Grass United States Andrea Jaeger 6–0, 6–3
Win 1983 US Open Hard United States Chris Evert 6–1, 6–3
Win 1983 Australian Open (2) Grass United States Kathy Jordan 6–2, 7–6(7–5)
Win 1984 French Open (2) Clay United States Chris Evert 6–3, 6–1
Win 1984 Wimbledon (5) Grass United States Chris Evert 7–6(7–5), 6–2
Win 1984 US Open (2) Hard United States Chris Evert 4–6, 6–4, 6–4
Loss 1985 French Open Clay United States Chris Evert 3–6, 7–6(7–4), 5–7
Win 1985 Wimbledon (6) Grass United States Chris Evert 4–6, 6–3, 6–2
Loss 1985 US Open Hard Czechoslovakia Hana Mandlíková 6–7(3–7), 6–1, 6–7(2–7)
Win 1985 Australian Open (3) Grass United States Chris Evert 6–2, 4–6, 6–2
Loss 1986 French Open Clay United States Chris Evert 6–2, 3–6, 3–6
Win 1986 Wimbledon (7) Grass Czechoslovakia Hana Mandlíková 7–6(7–1), 6–3
Win 1986 US Open (3) Hard Czechoslovakia Helena Suková 6–3, 6–2
Loss 1987 Australian Open Grass Czechoslovakia Hana Mandlíková 5–7, 6–7(1–7)
Loss 1987 French Open Clay West Germany Steffi Graf 4–6, 6–4, 6–8
Win 1987 Wimbledon (8) Grass West Germany Steffi Graf 7–5, 6–3
Win 1987 US Open (4) Hard West Germany Steffi Graf 7–6(7–4), 6–1
Loss 1988 Wimbledon Grass West Germany Steffi Graf 7–5, 2–6, 1–6
Loss 1989 Wimbledon Grass West Germany Steffi Graf 2–6, 7–6(7–1), 1–6
Loss 1989 US Open Hard West Germany Steffi Graf 6–3, 5–7, 1–6
Win 1990 Wimbledon (9) Grass United States Zina Garrison 6–4, 6–1
Loss 1991 US Open Hard Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Monica Seles 6–7(1–7), 1–6
Loss 1994 Wimbledon Grass Spain Conchita Martínez 4–6, 6–3, 3–6

Performance Timelines

Key
W  F  SF QF #R RR Q# A NH
(W) Won; (F) finalist; (SF) semifinalist; (QF) quarterfinalist; (#R) rounds 4, 3, 2, 1; (RR) round-robin stage; (Q#) qualification round; (A) absent; (NH) not held. SR=strike rate (events won/competed)

Singles Matches

Czechoslovakia United States
Tournament 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995–2003 2004 SR W–L Win %
Australian Open A A F A A A A A SF W F W SF W NH F SF QF A A A A A A A 3 / 10 46–7 87%
French Open QF QF F A A A A A QF W 4R W F F F 4R A A A A A 1R A 1R 2 / 13 51–11 82%
Wimbledon 3R 1R QF SF QF W W SF SF W W W W W W F F W QF SF SF F A 2R 9 / 23 120–14 90%
US Open 1R 3R SF 1R SF SF SF 4R F QF W W F W W QF F 4R F 2R 4R A A A 4 / 21 89–17 84%
Win–loss 5–3 5–3 17–4 5–2 9–2 11–1 11–1 11–3 19–3 20–2 23–1 25–1 25–2 20–1 25–2 18–4 16–3 10–1 10–2 6–2 8–2 6–2 1–2 18 / 67 306–49 86%

Doubles Matches

Tournament 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996–99 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 SR Win %
Australian Open A A 1R A A A A A W F W W W W NH W W W A A A A A A A A A A A A A A 8 / 10 80%
French Open QF SF W A A A A A SF W A W W W W W A A A A A 3R A A 3R 1R 1R 3R A A A 7 / 15 47%
Wimbledon 1R 1R QF W F QF W SF W W W W F W QF 3R SF QF SF SF A SF A A QF QF 2R QF SF SF QF 7 / 28 25%
US Open 1R QF SF A W W F W SF SF W W F W W SF W W 3R SF A A 2R A 3R QF 3R F QF SF QF 9 / 27 33%

Mixed Doubles Matches

Tournament 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980–83 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997–99 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 SR Win %
Australian Open NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH SF F A A A A A A A A A A A A W F SF A 1 / 5 20%
French Open A W A A A A A A A W QF QF SF A A A A A 3R A A A 2R 2R A 2R 2R F SF 2 / 12 17%
Wimbledon QF 3R SF 2R SF A A A QF W F A QF A A A A W A W QF A 1R 2R 2R W 3R QF 3R 4 / 19 21%
US Open A 2R A A A A SF A A W F W A A A A A F A QF A A 2R 1R 2R A SF QF W 3/13 23%

Tennis Records

  • These are Open Era tennis records.
  • Records in bold mean no other player has achieved them.

Awards and Recognition

Martina Navratilova has received many awards and honors throughout her career.

Many experts consider Navratilova one of the best female tennis players of all time. In 2005, Tennis magazine named her the greatest female tennis player from 1965 to 2005. Billie Jean King, another famous player, said in 2006 that Navratilova is "the greatest singles, doubles and mixed doubles player who's ever lived."

In 2009, Navratilova received the Philippe Chatrier Award. This is the highest honor from the International Tennis Federation (ITF). It recognizes her contributions to tennis both on and off the court. In 2012, The Tennis Channel ranked Navratilova as the second greatest female tennis player ever.

Media Appearances

Martina Navratilova has appeared in various TV shows and media projects. In 1983, she was on the show Hart to Hart. In 2000, she appeared as herself on Will & Grace.

In November 2008, Martina Navratilova was on the UK reality show I'm a Celebrity ... Get Me Out of Here!. She finished as the runner-up. In 2012, she was a contestant on Dancing with the Stars. She also guest-starred in an episode of the comedy show Portlandia. In 2019, Navratilova had a role as a horse trainer in the Netflix series, The Politician.

There is also a documentary being filmed about her and Chris Evert, which is expected to be released in 2025.

Images for kids

See also

Kids robot.svg In Spanish: Martina Navrátilová para niños

  • WTA Tour records
  • Grand Slam (tennis)
  • List of WTA number 1 ranked singles tennis players
  • List of WTA number 1 ranked doubles tennis players
  • List of female tennis players
  • List of tennis tournaments
  • List of tennis rivalries
  • Tennis records of the Open Era – Women's singles
  • All-time tennis records – women's singles
  • Graf–Navratilova rivalry
  • Evert–Navratilova rivalry
  • List of Soviet and Eastern Bloc defectors
  • Homosexuality in sports in the United States
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