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Paul Natorp
Paul Natorp.jpg
Born 24 January 1854
Died 17 August 1924 (aged 70)
Nationality German
Education University of Strasbourg
Era 19th-century philosophy
Region Western philosophy
School Neo-Kantianism (Marburg school)
Institutions Marburg University
Thesis Descartes' Erkenntnistheorie: Eine Studie zur Vorgeschichte des Kriticismus (Descartes's Theory of Knowledge: A Study in the Pre-history of Criticism) (1882)
Doctoral advisor Ernst Laas (PhD advisor)
Hermann Cohen (Dr. phil. hab. advisor)
Doctoral students Hans-Georg Gadamer
Other notable students Nicolai Hartmann, Martin Heidegger, Ernst Cassirer, Karl Barth
Main interests
Philosophical logic

Paul Gerhard Natorp (born January 24, 1854 – died August 17, 1924) was an important German philosopher and educationalist. He helped start the "Marburg school" of a philosophy called neo-Kantianism. He was also very knowledgeable about the ancient Greek philosopher Plato.

About Paul Natorp

Early Life and Education

Paul Natorp was born in Düsseldorf, Germany. His father, Adelbert Natorp, was a Protestant minister.

Starting in 1871, Paul studied many subjects. He learned about music, history, old languages (classical philology), and philosophy. He studied at universities in Berlin, Bonn, and Strasbourg.

In 1876, he earned his first doctorate degree at the University of Strasbourg. His teacher was the philosopher Ernst Laas. Later, in 1881, he completed another important step in his studies called a Habilitation. This was under the guidance of Hermann Cohen, another neo-Kantian philosopher.

Teaching Career

In 1885, Paul Natorp became a special professor at Marburg University. By 1893, he became a full professor of philosophy and pedagogy (the study of teaching). He taught at Marburg until he retired in 1922.

In his last year of teaching, he had many deep discussions with Martin Heidegger. Heidegger was another famous philosopher who came to Marburg.

Family and Hobbies

In 1887, Paul Natorp married his cousin, Helene Natorp. They had five children together.

Besides philosophy, Natorp loved music. He was a talented composer and wrote many pieces. These included music for cello, violin, and piano. He also wrote about 100 songs and two pieces for choirs. He even wrote letters to the famous composer Johannes Brahms. Brahms, however, advised him not to become a professional musician.

His Influence on Others

Paul Natorp had a big impact on many students and thinkers. He influenced the early work of Hans-Georg Gadamer. He also greatly affected Edmund Husserl, who is known as the "father" of phenomenology.

Some of his well-known students included:

Paul Natorp's Books

Paul Natorp wrote many books and papers on philosophy and education. Here are some of his important works:

  • Descartes' Erkenntnistheorie (Descartes's Theory of Knowledge) (1882)
  • Sozialpädagogik (Social Pedagogy) (1899)
  • Logik in Leitsätzen (Logic in Principles) (1904)
  • Gesammelte Abhandlungen zur Sozialpädagogik (Collected Papers on Social Pedagogy) (1907)
  • Pestalozzi. Leben und Lehre (Pestalozzi. Life and Teaching) (1909)
  • Die logischen Grundlagen der exakten Wissenschaften (The Logical Foundations of the Exact Sciences) (1910)
  • Philosophie; ihr Problem und ihre Probleme (Philosophy; Its Problem and Its Problems) (1911)
  • Sozialidealismus (Social Idealism) (1920)
  • Beethoven und wir (Beethoven and Us) (1920)
  • Platos Ideenlehre (Plato's Theory of Ideas) (1921)
  • Allgemeine Logik (General Logic) (1979, published after his death)

See also

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