Police dog facts for kids
A police dog (also called a K-9) is a dog trained to help police and other law enforcement people. German Shepherds are the most common breed, but other breeds are also used. If a police dog is killed in duty, it is usually given a full police funeral. K-9s are often given their own ballistic vests, and some are given their own police IDs and badges.
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What can police dogs do?
A police dog may be trained to do one special thing, or a few different things. Common K-9 jobs include:
- Searching for drugs (for example, in prisons or during arrests)
- Searching for explosives
- Searching for crime scene evidence
- Chasing and holding suspects
- Making suspects less likely to fight police because of fear that the dog will be released (this is called "bark and hold" - the dog barks aggressively to scare the suspect while its handler holds its leash)
- Protecting police officers
Specialized police dogs
There are also specialized police dogs, who are used only for a specific job because they have special skills or training for that job. For example:
- Sentry and attack dogs find and catch suspects or enemies. They also provide security for important areas.
- Search and rescue dogs (SAR) find missing people, people who are running from the police, or missing objects. Bloodhounds are often used for this task because they are very good at sniffing out and following scents from people or objects.
- Detection or explosive-sniffing dogs sniff out illegal drugs and explosives. In many countries, beagles are used in airports to sniff people's baggage for items that are not permitted. Because beagles act and look very friendly, they do not worry most passengers.
- Arson dogs are trained to pick up on traces of accelerants (things that would start or worsen a fire) at sites of suspected arson.
- Cadaver dogs are trained to sniff out decomposing bodies. Dogs' noses are so sensitive that they are even able to smell bodies that are under running water. Important work was done by Dr. Debra Komar at the University of Alberta, along with the RCMP Civilian Search Dog Association in this area. As a result, training techniques were developed, and cadaver-sniffing dogs now have near 100% accuracy rates. Her research has been published in the Journal of Forensic Anthropology.
Popular breeds
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Different breeds of police dogs tend to be good at different things. However, any good police dog should be intelligent, aggressive, strong, and have a good sense of smell. Many police dogs are male and unneutered (because neutering can make a dog less aggressive). However, there are female police dogs, which are used for rescue, tracking, and locating bombs and drugs. German Shepherd Dogs and Belgian Malinois are the most commonly used; however, other dog breeds (and their specialties) include:
- American Pitbull Terrier (skilled at search and rescue/tracking, attack dogs, and finding bombs)
- Beagle (good at locating bombs. Used worldwide.)
- Belgian Malinois (often used for protection, attack dogs, finding IEDs, finding evidence, prisoner transport, and human tracking.)
- Bloodhound (very good at tracking and identifying things by their smell; used for tracking and locating bombs and evidence.)
- Doberman Pinscher (used as a protection and attack dog)
- Dutch Shepherd (also used as a protection and attack dog)
- Springer Spaniel (good at locating bombs)
- German Shepherd Dog (often used for protection, attack dogs, ground-based tracking, air-based tracking, and finding dead bodies, evidence, and IEDs)
- German Shorthaired Pointer (good at ground-based tracking and air-based tracking, as well as finding evidence)
- Labrador Retriever (skilled at locating bombs)
Related Pages
Images for kids
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A Belgian Malinois police dog during a demonstration in England
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An FBI Dutch Shepherd police dog.
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German shepherd in use by Schutzpolizei officer and SA auxiliary during the German federal election, March 1933, shortly after the Nazi seizure of power
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Belgian Malinois being trained to attack
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K9 units search for a missing person in York Region, Ontario.
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Italian police dog of Guardia di Finanza in Malpensa airport
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A member of the Peruvian Army with a police dog enforces curfew during the COVID-19 pandemic in Peru
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MetPol Kiro Demi and PC Graham Clarke. UK National Police Dog Champion 2008
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A Belgian Malinois police dog in Wisconsin.
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Police badge of a New York K9 officer
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See also
In Spanish: Perro policía para niños
