Ub Iwerks facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Ub Iwerks
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![]() Iwerks and his most famous co-creation, Mickey Mouse c. 1929
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Born |
Ubbe Ert Iwwerks
March 24, 1901 Kansas City, Missouri, U.S.
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Died | July 7, 1971 Burbank, California, U.S.
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(aged 70)
Resting place | Forest Lawn – Hollywood Hills Cemetery |
Occupation | Animator, cartoonist, film producer, special effects technician |
Years active | 1919–1971 |
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Notable work
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Spouse(s) |
Mildred Sarah Henderson
(m. 1927–1971) |
Children | 2, including Don Iwerks |
Relatives | Leslie Iwerks (granddaughter) |
Signature | |
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Ubbe Ert Iwwerks (March 24, 1901 – July 7, 1971), known as Ub Iwerks, was an American animator, cartoonist, and special effects expert. He is famous for his work with Walt Disney Animation Studios. Iwerks helped create the design of Mickey Mouse and many other characters.
Born in Kansas City, Missouri, Iwerks faced challenges early in life. He met Walt Disney in 1919 while working at an art studio. They soon started working together in animation. Iwerks became the main animator for Disney's early cartoons, like the Laugh-O-Gram series. After Disney's first studio went bankrupt, they moved to Los Angeles. There, Iwerks continued to work on cartoons like the Alice Comedies. He also helped create the character Oswald the Lucky Rabbit.
One of Iwerks' biggest contributions was making a refined version of a sketch by Disney. This sketch later became Mickey Mouse. Iwerks animated many of the first Mickey Mouse and Silly Symphony cartoons. These included famous ones like Steamboat Willie and The Skeleton Dance. In 1930, Iwerks left Disney to start his own studio. He created characters like Flip the Frog and Willie Whopper. His studio also made the ComiColor Cartoons series.
Iwerks returned to Disney in 1940. He then focused on developing special visual effects. He worked on films like Song of the South (1946) and 101 Dalmatians (1961). He also helped create attractions for Disney theme parks. Iwerks died in 1971 at age 70. He was later named a Disney Legend in 1989.
Contents
Early Life and Beginnings
Ub Iwerks was born in Kansas City, Missouri. His father came from Germany. When Ub was a teenager, his father left, and Ub had to leave school to support his mother. His full name, Ubbe Ert Iwwerks, appeared on some early cartoons he signed. Later, he shortened it to "Ub Iwerks."
Working with Walt Disney
Starting with Disney (1919–1929)
Iwerks spent much of his career working with Disney. They first met in 1919 at an art studio in Kansas City. They even started their own small art business together. Later, they both got jobs as illustrators for a newspaper company.
While working there, Disney decided to try animation, and Iwerks joined him. Iwerks was very clever with technology. He added a motor to the animation camera. This made it possible for just one person to animate, instead of two.
Iwerks was key to the unique look of Disney's first animated cartoons. He also designed Mickey Mouse. In 1922, when Disney started his Laugh-O-Gram cartoon series, Iwerks was his main animator. The studio went out of business, so in 1923, Iwerks moved with Disney to Los Angeles. There, they worked on a new series called "the Alice Comedies." These cartoons mixed live-action film with animation.
After the Alice Comedies, Disney asked Iwerks to design a new character. This character became Oswald the Lucky Rabbit. Iwerks animated the very first Oswald cartoon all by himself. However, the companies that owned and distributed Oswald wanted him redesigned.
In 1928, Disney lost the rights to Oswald. Many of his staff left to work for another company. Disney promised he would only work on characters he owned from then on. He asked Iwerks, who stayed, to draw new character ideas. Iwerks sketched frogs, dogs, and cats, but Disney didn't like them. Iwerks also created a female cow and a male horse. These were not used at first but later became Clarabelle Cow and Horace Horsecollar.
Ub Iwerks found inspiration from an old drawing. In 1925, another artist had drawn some mice around a photo of Walt Disney. Then, on a train ride, Walt Disney sketched the original idea for a character. This character was later named Mickey Mouse. Disney showed the sketch to Iwerks. Iwerks then drew a cleaner, more polished version of Mickey, keeping the original idea.
The first few Mickey Mouse and Silly Symphony cartoons were almost entirely animated by Iwerks. These included famous ones like Steamboat Willie, The Skeleton Dance, and The Haunted House. However, Iwerks felt he wasn't getting enough credit for his work. He also found Disney's way of working difficult. Their friendship and work partnership ended in January 1930. Iwerks left Disney to start his own animation studio. His last Mickey Mouse cartoon was Wild Waves (1929).
After Disney (1930–1940)
The Iwerks Studio opened in 1930. Some people thought Iwerks was responsible for most of Disney's early success. While Disney's animation did slow down for a bit after Iwerks left, it quickly got better as Disney hired new, talented animators.
Iwerks Studio had a deal with MGM to distribute its cartoons. Iwerks created new characters like "Flip the Frog" and later "Willie Whopper". However, his studio never became as successful as Disney or Fleischer Studios. From 1933 to 1936, Iwerks also made a series of shorts called ComiColor Cartoons. These cartoons were often based on fairy tales and did not have a main character.
In 1936, the people funding Iwerks Studio stopped their support, and the studio closed. In 1937, Iwerks worked for Leon Schlesinger Productions. He directed two Looney Tunes shorts starring Porky Pig. He then directed several Color Rhapsody cartoons for Screen Gems. After this, he returned to work for Disney in 1940.
Return to Disney (1940–1964)
After coming back to Disney, Iwerks mainly worked on developing special visual effects. He helped create ways to combine live-action film with animation. These methods were used in movies like Song of the South (1946). He also developed a special printing process for animation cells. This was used in 101 Dalmatians (1961).
Iwerks also worked at WED Enterprises, which is now Walt Disney Imagineering. He helped create many attractions for Disney theme parks in the 1960s. He even did special effects work outside of Disney. For example, he helped create the birds for Alfred Hitchcock's movie The Birds (1963). For this work, he was nominated for an Academy Award. His last work for Disney was improving a system for combining different film layers for the "Feed the Birds" scene in Mary Poppins.
Personal Life
Ub Iwerks had two sons with his wife, Mildred Sarah Henderson: Donald Warren Iwerks (born 1929) and David Lee Iwerks (born 1933). David became a portrait photographer.
Ub Iwerks died in 1971 from a heart attack in Burbank, California. He was 70 years old. His ashes are buried at Forest Lawn Memorial Park, Hollywood Hills Cemetery. The last project he worked on was The Hall of Presidents attraction.
He is the grandfather of documentary film producer Leslie Iwerks.
Influence and Tributes
The Ub Iwerks Award for Technical Achievement is named in his honor. This award is part of the Annie Awards.
In 1989, Iwerks was named a Disney Legend.
A documentary film called The Hand Behind the Mouse: The Ub Iwerks Story was released in 1999. His granddaughter, Leslie Iwerks, created this film. A book about him was also written by Leslie Iwerks and John Kenworthy in 2001.
In 2014, a movie called Walt Before Mickey was released. It showed how Ub Iwerks, played by Armando Gutierrez, and Walt Disney created Mickey Mouse together.
Filmography
This section lists some of the cartoons Ub Iwerks worked on or directed.
1930
Title | Release Date | Series | Notes |
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Fiddlesticks | August 16 | Flip the Frog |
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Little Orphan Willie | October 18 | Flip the Frog | |
Flying Fists | September 6 | Flip the Frog | |
The Village Barber | September 27 | Flip the Frog | |
The Cuckoo Murder Case | October 18 | Flip the Frog |
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Puddle Pranks | December 6 | Flip the Frog |
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1931
Title | Release Date | Series | Notes |
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The Village Smitty | January 31 | Flip the Frog | First appearances of Flip's cat girlfriend and Orace |
The Soup Song | January 31 | Flip the Frog | |
Laughing Gas | March 14 | Flip the Frog | |
Ragtime Romeo | May 2 | Flip the Frog |
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The New Car | July 25 | Flip the Frog |
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Movie Mad | August 29 | Flip the Frog | |
The Village Specialist | September 12 | Flip the Frog | |
Jail Birds | September 26 | Flip the Frog | First time Orace is Flip's horse |
Africa Squeaks | October 17 | Flip the Frog | |
Spooks | September 21 | Flip the Frog | Second Halloween-themed cartoon |
1932
Title | Release Date | Series | Notes |
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The Milkman | February 20 | Flip the Frog |
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Fire! Fire! | March 5 | Flip the Frog | |
What a Life | March 26 | Flip the Frog | First time Flip interacts with humans |
Puppy Love | April 30 | Flip the Frog | First appearance of Flip's dog |
School Days | May 14 | Flip the Frog | First appearance of the spinster |
The Bully | June 18 | Flip the Frog | Final appearance of the orphan boy |
The Office Boy | July 16 | Flip the Frog | |
Room Runners | August 13 | Flip the Frog | |
Stormy Seas | August 22 | Flip the Frog |
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Circus | August 27 | Flip the Frog | |
The Goal Rush | October 3 | Flip the Frog |
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The Phoney Express | October 27 | Flip the Frog | |
The Music Lesson | October 29 | Flip the Frog | |
The Nurse Maid | November 26 | Flip the Frog | |
Funny Face | December 24 | Flip the Frog |
1933
Title | Release Date | Series | Notes |
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Coo Coo, the Magician | January 21 | Flip the Frog | |
Flip's Lunchroom | March 4 | Flip the Frog | Only Flip the Frog cartoon to have Flip's name in the title |
Technocracked | May 8 | Flip the Frog | |
Bulloney | May 30 | Flip the Frog | |
A Chinaman's Chance | June 24 | Flip the Frog |
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Paleface | August 12 | Flip the Frog | Final appearances of Orace, Flip's girlfriend, and the spinster |
The Air Race | n/a | Willie Whopper | The first Willie Whopper cartoon, but it was never released. A remake, Spite Flight, was released. |
Play Ball | September 16 | Willie Whopper | The first official Willie Whopper cartoon |
Soda Squirt | October 12 | Flip the Frog |
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Spite Flight | October 14 | Willie Whopper | A remake of the unreleased Willie Whopper Cartoon, The Air Race. |
Stratos Fear | November 11 | Willie Whopper | |
Jack and the Beanstalk | December 23 | Comicolor | First Comicolor cartoon. |
1934
Title | Release Date | Series | Notes |
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Davy Jones Locker | January 13 | Willie Whopper | |
The Little Red Hen | February 16 | Comicolor | |
Hell's Fire | February 17 | Willie Whopper | |
Robin Hood, Jr. | March 10 | Willie Whopper | |
The Brave Tin Soldier | April 7 | Comicolor | |
Insultin' the Sultan | April 14 | Willie Whopper | |
Puss in Boots | May 17 | Comicolor | |
Reducing Creme | May 19 | Willie Whopper | |
Rasslin' Round | June 1 | Willie Whopper | |
The Queen of Hearts | June 25 | Comicolor | |
Cave Man | July 6 | Willie Whopper | |
Jungle Jitters | July 24 | Willie Whopper | |
Aladdin and the Wonderful Lamp | August 10 | ComiColor | |
Good Scout | September 1 | Willie Whopper | |
Viva Willie | September 20 | Willie Whopper | Final Willie Whopper cartoon. |
The Headless Horseman | October 1 | Comicolor | |
The Valiant Tailor | October 29 | Comicolor | |
Don Quixote | November 26 | Comicolor | |
Jack Frost | December 24 | Comicolor |
1935
All Comicolor shorts
Title | Release Date | Notes |
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Little Black Sambo | February 6 | |
Brementown Musicians | March 6 | |
Old Mother Hubbard | April 3 | |
Mary's Little Lamb | May 1 | |
Summertime | June 15 | |
Sinbad the Sailor | July 30 | |
The Three Bears | August 30 | |
Balloonland (aka The Pincushion Man) | September 30 | |
Simple Simon | November 15 | |
Humpty Dumpty | December 30 |
1936
All Comicolor shorts
Title | Release Date | Notes |
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Ali Baba | January 30 | |
Tom Thumb | March 30 | |
Dick Whittington's Cat | May 30 | |
Little Boy Blue (aka The Big Bad Wolf) | July 30 | |
Happy Days | September 30 | Last of the Comicolor cartoons. |
1937–1940
- Iwerks did contract work for Leon Schlesinger Productions (two cartoons).
- He also did contract work for Screen Gems/Columbia Pictures (17 cartoons).
- In 1940, Iwerks produced his last series, Gran'pop Monkey.
Title | Release Date | Notes |
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Skeleton Frolic | January 29, 1937 | Color Rhapsody |
Baby Checkers | 1940 (exact date unknown) | |
Beauty Shoppe | November 13, 1940 | |
A Busy Day | 1940 (exact date unknown) | Last Iwerks directed cartoon before returning to Disney |
Awards and Recognition
Year | Award | Category | Recognition | Shared with | Result |
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1960 | Academy Awards | Technical Achievement Award | For designing an improved optical printer for special effects. | N/A | Won |
1964 | Best Effects, Special Visual Effects | The Birds | N/A | Nominated | |
1965 | Academy Award of Merit | For creating and perfecting techniques for Color Traveling Matte Composite Cinematography. | Petro Vlahos | Nominated | |
1978 | Annie Awards | Winsor McCay Award | N/A | N/A | Won |
2017 | Visual Effects Society Awards | Hall of Fame | N/A | N/A | Won |
Images for kids
See Also
- Walt Disney (2015 PBS film)