Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic
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1924–1991 | |||||||||||||||
Motto: Бутун дунё пролетарлари, бирлашингиз! (Uzbek)
Butun dunyo proletarlari, birlashingiz! (transliteration) "Proletarians of all nations, unite!" |
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Anthem: Ўзбекистон Совет Социалист Республикасининг давлат мадҳияси
Oʻzbekiston Sovet Sotsialist Respublikasining davlat madhiyasi; "Anthem of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic" |
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![]() Location of Uzbekistan (red) within the Soviet Union
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Status | Soviet Socialist Republic | ||||||||||||||
Capital | Bukhara (1925) Samarkand (1925–1930) Tashkent (1930–1991) |
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Common languages | Official languages: Uzbek · Russian Minority languages: Tajik · Karakalpak · Kazakh · Tatar · Koryo-mar · Bukhori · Dungan · Central Asian Arabic · Parya |
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Demonym(s) | Uzbek Soviet |
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Government | Unitary Marxist-Leninist single-party Soviet socialist republic (1924–1990) Unitary presidential republic (1990–1991) |
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Leader | |||||||||||||||
• 1925–1927 (first)
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Vladimir Ivanov | ||||||||||||||
• 1989–1991 (last)
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Islam Karimov | ||||||||||||||
Premier | |||||||||||||||
• 1924–1937 (first)
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Fayzulla Khodzhayev | ||||||||||||||
• 1990–1990 (last)
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Shukrullo Mirsaidov | ||||||||||||||
Legislature | Supreme Soviet | ||||||||||||||
History | |||||||||||||||
• Succeeds Turkestan ASSR
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27 October 1924 | ||||||||||||||
• Republic proclaimed
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5 December 1924 | ||||||||||||||
• Accession of Karakalpakstan
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5 December 1936 | ||||||||||||||
• State sovereignty declared
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20 June 1990 | ||||||||||||||
• Renamed Republic of Uzbekistan/Independence
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31 August 1991 | ||||||||||||||
• Independence recognized
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25 December 1991 | ||||||||||||||
Area | |||||||||||||||
1989 | 447,400 km2 (172,700 sq mi) | ||||||||||||||
Population | |||||||||||||||
• 1989
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19,906,000 | ||||||||||||||
Currency | Soviet ruble (руб) (SUR) | ||||||||||||||
Calling code | 7 36/37/436 | ||||||||||||||
ISO 3166 code | UZ | ||||||||||||||
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Today part of | Uzbekistan Tajikistan |
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The Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic (Uzbek SSR) was a large country in Central Asia. It was one of the 15 republics that made up the Soviet Union. Its borders covered most of what is now the independent country of Uzbekistan.
The Uzbek SSR was officially created on October 27, 1924. It existed until August 31, 1991, when it became the independent Republic of Uzbekistan.
Contents
History of the Uzbek SSR
The Uzbek SSR was formed after the Russian Revolution in 1917. Before that, the area was part of the Russian Empire and other smaller states.
How it was Formed
In 1924, the Soviet government reorganized Central Asia. They created new republics based on ethnic groups. The Uzbek SSR was one of these new republics. It brought together parts of the Turkestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, the Bukharan People's Soviet Republic, and the Khorezm SSR.
Its first capital was Bukhara in 1925. Then it moved to Samarkand from 1925 to 1930. Finally, Tashkent became the capital in 1930 and remained so until 1991.
Life in the Uzbek SSR
Life in the Uzbek SSR was very different from today. The government controlled almost everything. They focused on developing industries and agriculture, especially cotton farming.
- Economy: Cotton was a very important crop. The Soviet government encouraged its growth, which changed the landscape and economy of the region.
- Culture and Language: While Uzbek was an official language, Russian was also widely used. The government tried to promote a common "Soviet" culture, but local traditions and languages remained important.
- Education: There were efforts to increase education and literacy. Many new schools and universities were built.
Becoming Independent
As the Soviet Union started to weaken in the late 1980s, many republics began to seek more freedom.
- On June 20, 1990, the Uzbek SSR declared its "state sovereignty." This meant it claimed the right to govern itself.
- On August 31, 1991, the Uzbek SSR officially declared its full independence. It was renamed the Republic of Uzbekistan. This happened just before the Soviet Union officially broke apart in December 1991.
Geography and Location
The Uzbek SSR was located in the heart of Central Asia. It was a landlocked country, meaning it had no direct access to the ocean.
- Neighbors: It shared borders with other Soviet republics like the Kazakh SSR, Kyrgyz SSR, Tajik SSR, and Turkmen SSR. It also bordered Afghanistan to the south.
- Landscape: The republic had diverse landscapes. These included vast deserts like the Kyzylkum Desert, fertile river valleys, and mountains. The two main rivers were the Amu Darya and Syr Darya.
- Climate: The climate was mostly dry, with hot summers and cold winters.
Symbols of the Uzbek SSR
Like all Soviet republics, the Uzbek SSR had its own flag and emblem.
- Flag: The flag of the Uzbek SSR (from 1952 to 1991) was red with a blue stripe in the middle. It also featured the hammer and sickle symbol and a red star, which were common Soviet symbols.
- Emblem: The emblem showed cotton plants, a rising sun, and the hammer and sickle. It also had the motto "Workers of the world, unite!" in both Uzbek and Russian.
Images for kids
See also
In Spanish: República Socialista Soviética de Uzbekistán para niños