1303 facts for kids

The year 1303 was a time of important events across the world. Many things happened in Europe and Asia, including big battles, changes in leadership, and new inventions.

Events

Battles and Conflicts

• Battle of Roslin (February 24): A battle took place near Roslin, Scotland. This was part of the Wars of Scottish Independence, where Scotland fought for its freedom from England.
• England and Scotland (1303): Edward I of England, also known as "Longshanks," fought to regain control over Scotland. This was a big part of the ongoing Wars of Scottish Independence, which also involved famous figures like William Wallace.
• Khilji Dynasty Victory (1303): In northern India, the powerful Khilji dynasty led by Alauddin Khilji won a major victory. They took over the city of Chittorgarh.

New Institutions

• University of Rome La Sapienza (April 20): Pope Boniface VIII started a new university in Rome, Italy. This university is still famous today!

Changes in Leadership

• New Pope (October 22): After Pope Boniface VIII passed away, Pope Benedict XI became the new leader of the Catholic Church. He was the 194th pope.

Important People Born in 1303

• Saint Birgitta: She was a very important Swedish saint who lived until 1373.
• Gegeen Khan: He was a Mongol emperor who ruled parts of China. He passed away in 1323.

Important People Who Died in 1303

• Pope Boniface VIII (October 11): He was the Pope who started the University of Rome.
• Daniel of Russia: He was the very first prince of Moscow, a city that later became the capital of Russia.
• Ivan Asen III of Bulgaria: He was an emperor of Bulgaria.
• Beatrix of Castile: She was the wife of King Afonso III of Portugal. She was born in 1242.

Other Major Events

• Avoirdupois System (1303): The Avoirdupois system of weights and measures began to be used in England and Wales. This system is still used today for things like pounds and ounces.
• Lighthouse of Alexandria Destroyed (1303): A strong earthquake sadly destroyed the famous Lighthouse of Alexandria in Egypt. This lighthouse was one of the seven wonders of the ancient world.