1285 facts for kids

The year 1285 was a time of important changes and events around the world. From new laws in England to battles in the Middle East and Vietnam, many things happened that shaped history.

Key Events of 1285

Important Decisions in Europe

• On January 6, a leader named Archbishop Jakub Świnka made a big decision in Poland. He told all priests in his area to give their sermons in Polish. Before this, they often used German. This helped bring the Catholic Church in Poland closer together. It also helped people feel more connected to their Polish identity.

• In England, King Edward I of England issued a special document called the Circumspecte Agatis. This document clearly explained the powers of the church and the government. It said that the church's courts could only handle religious cases. This helped to set clear boundaries between church and state.

• Also in England, a new set of laws was passed. It was called the Second Statute of Westminster. These laws changed many things. One very important part was called de donis conditionalibus. This rule is still seen as a key part of medieval law in England.

• Around this time, a famous English romantic poem was written. It was called The Lay of Havelok the Dane.

Battles and Sieges

• On April 25, the Mamluk sultan Qalawun started a major attack. He began to surround the Crusader fortress of Margat. This fortress is in modern-day Syria. It was a very strong castle belonging to the Knights Hospitaller. People thought it could not be captured. However, Sultan Qalawun took control of the fortress just one month later.

• On September 4, a naval battle took place near Barcelona. Roger of Lauria led his forces to victory against King Philip III of France.

• In Vietnam, a brave leader named Tran Hung Dao led his army to a big win. They defeated an invading army from the Yuan dynasty Mongols.

Images for kids

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  Peter III looking over the Panissar Pass

See also

In Spanish: 1285 para niños