Daqing facts for kids

"Taching" redirects here. For other uses, see Taching (disambiguation).

For other uses, see Daqing (disambiguation).

Quick facts for kids Daqing 大庆市
Prefecture-level city
Around Sanyong Lake, 2017
Location of Daqing City (yellow) in Heilongjiang (light gray) and China
Daqing Location in Heilongjiang Show map of Heilongjiang Daqing Location in China Show map of China
Country	People's Republic of China
Province	Heilongjiang
County-level divisions	9
Government
• Type	Prefecture-level city
Area
• Prefecture-level city	22,161 km² (8,556 sq mi)
• Urban	5,107 km² (1,972 sq mi)
• Metro	2,734.6 km² (1,055.8 sq mi)
Elevation	149 m (489 ft)
Population (2020 census)
• Prefecture-level city	2,781,562
• Density	125.5161/km² (325.085/sq mi)
• Urban	1,754,655
• Urban density	343.58/km² (889.86/sq mi)
• Metro	1,574,389
• Metro density	575.729/km² (1,491.132/sq mi)
GDP
• Prefecture-level city	CN¥ 298.4 billion US$ 47.9 billion
• Per capita	CN¥ 107,419 US$ 17,247
Time zone	UTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code	163000
Area code(s)	0459
ISO 3166 code	CN-HL-06
Licence plates	黑E
Climate	Dwa

Daqing

"Daqing", as written in Chinese

Chinese name

Taching

Literal meaning

Great Celebration

Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Dàqìng
Wade–Giles	Ta⁴-chʻing⁴

Mongolian name

Mongolian Cyrillic

Дачин хот

Mongolian script

ᠳᠠᠴᠢᠩ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ

Transcriptions
SASM/GNC	dačiŋ ꭓota

Manchu name

Manchu script

ᡩᠠᡴᠠᠩ ᡥᠣᡨᠣᠨ

Romanization

Daking hoton

Daqing (simplified Chinese: 大庆; traditional Chinese: 大慶; pinyin: Dàqìng) is a city in the western part of Heilongjiang province, People's Republic of China. Its name means "Great Celebration." This name honors the tenth anniversary of the People's Republic of China. Daqing is famous as the "Oil Capital of China." It grew very quickly after oil was found there in 1959.

The city's population was about 2.78 million people in 2020. About 1.57 million of these people live in the main city area. This area includes four of its five urban districts: Sartu, Longfeng, Ranghulu, and Honggang.

History of Daqing

The area where Daqing is located was not very important until the Qing dynasty. It was mostly a hunting ground for tribes. The region started to develop a little more in 1898. This was when the Russian Empire built the Chinese Eastern Railway through the area. A train station was built in Sartu, which is now a district of Daqing.

Oil Discovery and City Founding

The big change for Daqing happened in 1959. That year, a huge oil field was discovered. This was part of a large search for oil across the Northeast China Plain. Drilling for oil began in 1958.

A new town was created in 1959. It was built to house the workers who were drilling for oil and gas. It also hosted industries that used the oil and chemicals. This happened just before China's 10th anniversary.

A Model for Industry

Building the Daqing oil field was a huge success. This was true even with tough weather and limited supplies. The Chinese government used Daqing as a model for other industries. It showed how hard work could lead to success.

The oil field was also very important for China's economy. Without the oil from Daqing, China would have had very little crude oil. This was because the Soviet Union stopped supplying oil to China.

Growth and Changes

Early plans for Daqing focused on building a "new socialist mining district." This meant husbands would work in industry and wives in farming. The idea was to create a balanced community.

In 1960, Anda City was set up to manage the oil field area. Later, in 1964, the city of Anda became a special administrative region. The oil field continued to drive economic growth.

The Daqing Oil District officially became a city in 1980. Its first plan aimed to make it a "new industrial city." It focused on spreading out settlements but with some main centers.

Later, in 1989, the city's plan changed. It aimed to build an oil city centered in Sartu, Dongfeng, and Longfeng. This plan moved towards having more central urban areas.

By 1994, Daqing's population reached one million people. After the mid-1990s, new building in Sartu stopped. This was to make more space for oil production. City construction then moved to other areas.

Since it was founded, Daqing has been seen as a great example. The Chinese government has praised its industry and healthcare.

Learn from Daqing in Industry

Mao Zedong issued a famous saying in the 1960s: "Learn from Daqing in Industry." This shows how important Daqing was to China's industry. This slogan encouraged people to follow Daqing's example in industrial production.

A film called Entrepreneurial Pioneers was made in the 1970s. It tells the story of Daqing's early days. Daqing was the model for industry. For farming, the model was a village called Dazhai.

Administrative Divisions

Daqing is divided into 9 main areas. These include 5 districts, 3 counties, and 1 autonomous county.

Map
Sartu Longfeng Ranghulu Datong Honggang Zhaozhou County Zhaoyuan County Lindian County Dorbod County
Name	Simplified Chinese	Hanyu Pinyin	Population (2010 census)	Area (km²)	Density (/km²)
Sartu District	萨尔图区	Sà'ěrtú Qū	328,808	549	599
Longfeng District	龙凤区	Lóngfèng Qū	352,404	510	691
Ranghulu District	让胡路区	Rànghúlù Qū	564,534	1,394	405
Datong District	大同区	Dàtóng Qū	234,557	2,235	105
Honggang District	红岗区	Hónggǎng Qū	169,522	812	209
Zhaozhou County	肇州县	Zhàozhōu Xiàn	387,463	2,445	158
Zhaoyuan County	肇源县	Zhàoyuán Xiàn	388,828	4,198	93
Lindian County	林甸县	Líndiàn Xiàn	244,578	3,591	68
Dorbod Mongol Autonomous County	杜尔伯特蒙古族自治县	Dù'ěrbótè Měnggǔzú Zìzhìxiàn	233,838	6,427	36

Climate

Daqing is in the northern part of the world. It has a humid continental climate. This means it has cold winters and warm summers. The weather is affected by winds from Siberia and East Asia.

Winters are very cold, sometimes with snow. Spring and autumn have strong winds. Most of the rain falls in the summer months. The temperature can change a lot in one day, especially during the growing season. The average temperature in January is about -18.5°C (negative 18.5 degrees Celsius). In July, it's about 23.3°C. The city gets about 2,726 hours of sunshine each year.

Climate data for Daqing (2005–2020 normals)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	−11.7 (10.9)	−6.9 (19.6)	2.9 (37.2)	13.5 (56.3)	21.5 (70.7)	26.7 (80.1)	28.5 (83.3)	26.9 (80.4)	21.5 (70.7)	12.3 (54.1)	−0.3 (31.5)	−10.3 (13.5)	10.4 (50.7)
Daily mean °C (°F)	−16.5 (2.3)	−12.2 (10.0)	−2.5 (27.5)	7.8 (46.0)	15.8 (60.4)	21.4 (70.5)	24.0 (75.2)	22.2 (72.0)	16.0 (60.8)	6.9 (44.4)	−4.8 (23.4)	−14.6 (5.7)	5.3 (41.5)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	−20.6 (−5.1)	−17.0 (1.4)	−7.5 (18.5)	2.2 (36.0)	10.3 (50.5)	16.4 (61.5)	19.6 (67.3)	17.9 (64.2)	11.1 (52.0)	2.2 (36.0)	−8.6 (16.5)	−18.3 (−0.9)	0.6 (33.2)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	2.4 (0.09)	3.8 (0.15)	8.8 (0.35)	18.9 (0.74)	49.0 (1.93)	100.7 (3.96)	145.8 (5.74)	97.3 (3.83)	50.3 (1.98)	19.1 (0.75)	6.2 (0.24)	5.9 (0.23)	508.2 (19.99)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm)	3.6	2.7	4.3	5.7	9.6	13.5	13.1	11.3	7.8	4.8	4.1	5.3	85.8
Average snowy days	5.5	4.9	5.5	2.3	0.1	0	0	0	0	1.1	5.5	8.1	33
Average relative humidity (%)	64	58	51	44	52	64	73	73	65	56	60	66	61
Mean monthly sunshine hours	181.6	194.2	237.5	230.9	235.3	220.9	211.8	211.9	222.6	199.8	158.7	152.4	2,457.6
Percent possible sunshine	65	66	64	56	51	47	45	49	60	60	57	58	57
Source: China Meteorological Administration

People of Daqing (Demographics)

Daqing has about 2.9 million people. Most of them are Han Chinese. There are also 31 other ethnic groups living there. These include Manchu, Mongolian, Korean, and Hui people.

Economy

Well Sa-55, first drilled by Wang Jinxi and his team

An oil pump in Daqing

Daqing's economy relies heavily on petroleum and related businesses. The Daqing Oil Field is China's largest oil field. It is also the fourth most productive in the world. Oil production makes up a big part of the city's economy.

In 2011, Daqing's total economic output (GDP) was about 374 billion Chinese yuan. This was a 12.1% increase from the year before. Farming, fishing, and forestry also grew. Industries like manufacturing and construction also saw increases.

Trading with Other Countries

Daqing exports over 10 million tons of crude oil every year. It also sends out more than 160 different oil-based products. These include things like wax, ethylene, and tar oil. They are sent to over 10 countries and regions. Some of these are the US, UK, Thailand, and Hong Kong.

In 2011, Daqing's total trade with other countries was about $2.16 billion. Its main exports are petrochemical products, building materials, and processed foods. It also exports office furniture and electronic equipment.

Banks and Money

By the end of 2006, Daqing had 32 banking institutions. No foreign banks were operating there at that time. In 2011, people's savings in banks totaled about 170.5 billion Chinese yuan. The local banks help a lot in growing Daqing's oil industry and new businesses.

Many major banks serve Daqing. These include the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China and the Bank of China.

Transportation

Daqing Passenger Hub

Trains

Daqing is an important train center in western Heilongjiang province. It is where the Harbin-Manzhouli Railway and Tongliao-Ranghulu Railway meet. Daqing has three main train stations. They are Daqing station, Daqing West station, and Daqing East station. Trains from Daqing connect the city to Beijing, Harbin, Dalian, and other Chinese cities. A new high-speed train line also stops at Daqing West and Daqing East stations.

Airport

Daqing Sartu Airport opened on September 1, 2009. You can fly from Daqing to many big cities. These include Beijing, Chengdu, Guangzhou, Hangzhou, Qingdao, and Shanghai.

Highways

Daqing is connected to China's national highway system. The G45 Daqing–Guangzhou Expressway and G10 Suifenhe-Manzhouli Expressway pass through or near the city.

Culture

Daqing Museum

The Iron Man Wang Jinxi Memorial Hall

Daqing Spirit

Daqing has a special culture called the "Daqing Spirit, the Daqing People." This spirit means being very dedicated to national goals. It also means living simply and being self-sufficient. It encourages a mix of city and country living. This idea was seen as a perfect example of a balanced society.

An article in People's Daily in 1964 praised the success of Daqing oil workers. It was called "Daqing Spirit, Daqing People." This article was very important. It compared Daqing to Yan'an, a famous revolutionary place.

Wang Jinxi (Chinese: 王进喜; pinyin: Wáng Jìnxǐ) was a famous oil worker. He was known as "Iron Man" Wang. He led a drilling team at the Daqing Oilfield. He became a national hero for his work in China's oil industry. Daqing was made a model for industry by the government in the 1960s. Many films were made to show the hard work of Daqing and its people.

In 1964, a director named Sun Weishi and her husband lived with the oil workers in Daqing. She later wrote an article praising the people of Daqing. She also created a play called The Rising Sun. It was based on the experiences of people in Daqing, especially the women.

Sports

Daqing Olympic Park Stadium

The most popular sport in Daqing is association football (soccer). The biggest sports place in the city is the Daqing Olympic Park Stadium. It can hold 32,000 people.