Henrietta Maria of France facts for kids
Quick facts for kids Henrietta Maria of France |
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Henriette Marie by Anthony van Dyck
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| Queen consort of England, Scotland and Ireland | |
| Tenure | 13 June 1625 – 30 January 1649 |
| Born | 25 November 1609 Palais du Louvre, Paris, France |
| Died | 10 September 1669 (aged 59) Château de Colombes, Paris, France |
| Burial | 13 September 1669 Royal Basilica of Saint Denis, |
| Spouse | Charles I of England and Scotland |
| Issue Detail |
Charles II, King of England Mary, Princess of Orange James II, King of England Princess Elizabeth Princess Anne Henry, Duke of Gloucester Henrietta, Duchess of Orléans |
| House | House of Stuart House of Bourbon |
| Father | Henry IV of France |
| Mother | Marie de' Medici |
| Religion | Roman Catholic |
Henrietta Maria of France was a princess who became the Queen of England, Scotland, and Ireland. She was born in Paris, France, on November 25, 1609. Her parents were King Henry IV of France and Marie de' Medici. Henrietta Maria was a Roman Catholic. She married King Charles I of England and became his Queen.
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Becoming Queen of England
Henrietta Maria was the youngest daughter of the King of France. She was born at the Louvre Palace in Paris. When she was 15 years old, she married Charles I. He was the King of England, Scotland, and Ireland. Their marriage took place in 1625.
As Queen, Henrietta Maria was known for her strong Catholic faith. This was sometimes a problem in England, as the country was mostly Protestant. She was also very interested in art and helped bring many beautiful paintings and buildings to England.
Her Royal Children
Henrietta Maria and King Charles I had nine children together. Sadly, some of them died when they were very young. Here are some of their most well-known children:
- Charles II (born 1630): He later became King of England after a difficult period in English history.
- Mary, Princess Royal (born 1631): She married William II, Prince of Orange. Her son later became King William III of England.
- James II (born 1633): He also became King of England after his brother Charles II.
- Elizabeth, Princess of England (born 1635): She died when she was only 14 years old.
- Henry, Duke of Gloucester (born 1640): He died at the age of 20.
- Henrietta, Princess of England (born 1644): She married Philippe of France, the Duke of Orléans.
Life During the Civil War
Henrietta Maria was Queen during a very difficult time in England. There was a big conflict between King Charles I and the English Parliament. This led to the English Civil War. During the war, Henrietta Maria had to leave England for a time. She went back to France to seek help for her husband.
After the war, King Charles I was executed in 1649. Henrietta Maria remained in France for many years. Her son, Charles II, eventually became King in 1660. This event is known as the Restoration. Henrietta Maria then returned to England for a while.
Henrietta Maria died on September 10, 1669, in France. She was buried in the Royal Basilica of Saint Denis in Paris.
Images for kids
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Henrietta Maria as a princess of France
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Henrietta Maria, with her court dwarf, Jeffrey Hudson. A monkey is usually symbolic of an advisor to fools, such as court dwarves, but in this case is believed to represent Henrietta Maria's menagerie of pets; the orange tree represents her love of gardens. Painting by Sir Anthony van Dyck.
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Henrietta Maria and King Charles I with Charles, Prince of Wales, and Princess Mary, painted by Anthony van Dyck, 1633. The greyhound symbolises the marital fidelity between Charles and Henrietta Maria.
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The Queen's House at Greenwich, completed under Henrietta Maria's sponsorship of Inigo Jones.
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Charles handing a laurel wreath to Henrietta Maria, by Daniël Mijtens, c. 1631
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Henrietta Maria and Charles before the war, with their son Charles. The couple spent much of the war apart, corresponding by letter. Hendrik Gerritsz Pot, Royal Collection
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Merton College chapel, which became Henrietta Maria's private chapel while she was based in Oxford during the Civil War.
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Henrietta Maria's court in exile was based at St-Germain-en-Laye, shown here c.1660 in an etching by Israel Silvestre.
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Henrietta Maria painted by Sir Peter Lely after the restoration of her son Charles II to the throne.
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See also
In Spanish: Enriqueta María de Francia para niños
