John Quincy Adams II facts for kids

Quick facts for kids John Quincy Adams II
Adams as a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives
Member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives from the 6th Norfolk district
In office January 3, 1866 – January 1, 1867
Preceded by	Henry H. Faxon
Succeeded by	George Gill
In office January 1, 1868 – January 6, 1869
Preceded by	George Gill
Succeeded by	Henry Barker
In office January 4, 1871 – January 2, 1872
Preceded by	Edmund B. Taylor
Succeeded by	Henry H. Faxon
In office January 7, 1874 – January 5, 1875
Preceded by	James A. Stetson
Succeeded by	William A. Hodges
Personal details
Born	(1833-09-22)September 22, 1833 Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.
Died	August 14, 1894(1894-08-14) (aged 60) Quincy, Massachusetts, U.S.
Political party	Republican (before 1867) Democratic (1867–94)
Spouses	Frances Cadwallader Crowninshield ​ ​ (m. 1861)​
Children	5, including George and Charles III
Parents	Charles Francis Adams Abigail Brown Brooks
Alma mater	Harvard University
Military service
Allegiance	United States of America
Branch/service	United States Army Union Army
Rank	Colonel
Battles/wars	American Civil War

John Quincy Adams II (September 22, 1833 – August 14, 1894) was an American lawyer, politician, and member of the Adams political family. He represented Quincy in the Massachusetts House of Representatives for four non-consecutive terms and was a leader in the Massachusetts Democratic Party after the American Civil War, serving as the party's nominee for governor in every annual election from 1867 to 1871.

Early life

Adams was the son of Charles Francis Adams (1807–1886) and Abigail Brown Brooks (1808–1889). His siblings were Louisa Catherine Adams (1831–1870), Charles Francis Adams Jr. (1835–1915), Henry Brooks Adams (1838–1918), Arthur Adams (1841–1846), Mary Gardiner Adams (1845–1928), and Peter Chardon Brooks Adams (1848–1927).

He was the paternal grandson of the 6th United States president, John Quincy Adams (his namesake), and the great-grandson of the 2nd president, John Adams. His maternal grandfather was shipping magnate Peter Chardon Brooks (1767–1849).

He graduated from Harvard University in 1853, studied law, and two years later was admitted to the Suffolk County bar, and practiced in Boston. He followed his profession for a short time, then, becoming interested in agriculture, he established an experimental model farm of five hundred acres near Quincy, Massachusetts.

Career

During the Civil War he served on the staff of Governor John Albion Andrew with the rank of colonel.

Adams served in several local offices in Quincy, including town meeting moderator, school board chairman and judge of the local court. He was elected to the Massachusetts state legislature as a Republican, but soon switched to the Democratic Party because of his dissatisfaction with Republican Reconstruction policies. In addition to serving in the Massachusetts House of Representatives in 1865, 1867, 1870 and 1873, he was the unsuccessful Democratic nominee for Governor of Massachusetts in every year from 1867 to 1871. (Governors served one year terms until 1918.)

Adams received one vote for the Democratic nomination for President of the United States at the 1868 Democratic National Convention. In 1872, the faction of Democrats that refused to support Horace Greeley, the fusion candidate of Democrats and the Liberal Republican Party, nominated Charles O'Conor for president and Adams for vice president on the "Straight-Out Democratic" ticket. They declined, but their names remained on the ballot in some states.

In 1873, he was the unsuccessful nominee for lieutenant governor. After losing an election for lieutenant governor in 1876, Adams refused most further involvement in politics, though he was considered by Grover Cleveland for a cabinet position in 1893. In 1877, he was made a member of the Harvard Corporation.

Personal life

Portrait of Fanny Crowninshield by Samuel Worcester Rowse

Illustration accompanying Adams's biography in 1913's Lamb's Biographical Dictionary of the United States, Volume 1

In 1861, Adams married Frances "Fanny" Cadwalader Crowninshield (1839–1911), daughter of George Crowninshield (1812–1857) and Harriet Sears Crowninshield (1809–1873) of the politically powerful Crowninshield family. Fanny was the granddaughter of former United States Secretary of the Navy under presidents Madison and Monroe, Benjamin Williams Crowninshield.

• John Quincy Adams Jr. (1862–1876), who died young.
• George Caspar Adams (1863–1900), who was the head coach of the Harvard University football program.
• Charles Francis Adams III (1866–1954), who served as Secretary of the Navy, and who married Frances Lovering.
• Frances "Fanny" C. Adams (1873–1876), who died in childhood.
• Arthur Charles Adams (1877–1943), who served as vice president of the Adams Trust Company, the Colony Trust and the New England Trust Company.
• Abigail "Hitty" Adams (1879–1974), who married Robert Homans in 1907.

Adams died at age 60 in Wollaston, Massachusetts on August 14, 1894. He was buried at Mount Wollaston Cemetery in Quincy. His widow died in 1911, and left an estate worth $1,200,000 to their three surviving children.

Descendants

Through his daughter, Abigail, he was the grandfather of George Casper Homans (1910–1989), a sociologist and the founder of behavioral sociology and the Social Exchange Theory.

Family tree