Judea (Roman province) facts for kids
Quick facts for kids Provincia Ivdaeaἐπαρχία Ιουδαίας |
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| Province of the Roman Empire | |||||||||
| 6 CE–135 CE | |||||||||
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| Capital | Caesarea Maritima | ||||||||
| Area | |||||||||
| • Coordinates | 32°30′N 34°54′E / 32.500°N 34.900°E | ||||||||
| Government | |||||||||
| Prefects before 41, Procurators after 44 | |||||||||
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• 6–9 CE
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Coponius | ||||||||
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• 26–36 CE
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Pontius Pilate | ||||||||
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• 64–66 CE
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Gessius Florus | ||||||||
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• 117 CE
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Lusius Quietus | ||||||||
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• 130–132 CE
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Tineius Rufus | ||||||||
| King of the Jews | |||||||||
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• 41–44
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Agrippa I | ||||||||
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• 48–93/100
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Agrippa II | ||||||||
| Legislature | Synedrion/Sanhedrin | ||||||||
| Historical era | Roman Principate | ||||||||
| 6 CE | |||||||||
| c. 30 AD | |||||||||
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• Crisis under Caligula
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37–41 CE | ||||||||
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• Incorporation of Galilee and Peraea
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44 CE | ||||||||
| August 4, 70 CE | |||||||||
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• Governor of praetorian rank & given the 10th Legion
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c. 74 CE | ||||||||
| 132–135 CE 135 CE | |||||||||
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| Today part of | |||||||||
Judea was an important Roman province in the ancient world. It included areas like Judea, Samaria, and Idumea. This region was once part of the Hasmonean and Herodian kingdoms. The province got its name from the "Tetrarchy of Judea." This was a part of the kingdom that was divided among the sons of Herod the Great after he died in 4 BCE.
The province of Judea saw many important events. It began in 6 CE with a census, which caused some unrest. Later, the Crucifixion of Jesus happened around 30-33 AD. Several major conflicts, called the Jewish-Roman wars, also took place here. The Second Temple in Jerusalem was destroyed by the Romans in 70 CE during the First Jewish–Roman War. After the Bar Kokhba revolt (132–135 CE), the Roman Emperor Hadrian changed the province's name to Syria Palaestina. He also renamed Jerusalem to Aelia Capitolina. Some historians believe this was done to lessen the connection of the Jewish people to the area.
Contents
Roman Control Begins
Rome first got involved in this region in 63 BC. This happened after the Third Mithridatic War ended. Rome then made Syria into a province. After defeating Mithridates VI of Pontus, the Roman general Pompeius Magnus stayed in the area. He wanted to make sure the region was secure for Rome.
Major Rebellions Against Rome
Judea was the site of three big rebellions against the Romans. These are known as the Jewish-Roman wars.
First Jewish-Roman War (66-70 AD)
This was the first major rebellion. It led to the destruction of Herod's Temple and the siege of Jerusalem in 70 AD. You can read more about this in the Great Jewish Revolt and in the writings of Josephus.
Kitos War (115-117 AD)
The second rebellion was called the Kitos War. It happened because of very high taxes imposed by the Romans.
Bar Kokhba Revolt (132-135 AD)
The third rebellion was the Bar Kokhba revolt. This was a large uprising against Roman rule.
Images for kids
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Old Roman era gate, Bab al-'Amud in Jerusalem's Old City (today part of Damascus Gate)
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Roman stepped road in the Shephelah hill country of Judea (adjacent to Highway 375)
See also
In Spanish: Judea (provincia romana) para niños
