Judea (Roman province) facts for kids
Quick facts for kids Provincia Ivdaeaἐπαρχία Ιουδαίας |
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| Province of the Roman Empire | |||||||||
| 6 CE–135 CE | |||||||||
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| Capital | Caesarea Maritima | ||||||||
| Area | |||||||||
| • Coordinates | 32°30′N 34°54′E / 32.500°N 34.900°E | ||||||||
| Government | |||||||||
| Prefects before 41, Procurators after 44 | |||||||||
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• 6–9 CE
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Coponius | ||||||||
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• 26–36 CE
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Pontius Pilate | ||||||||
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• 64–66 CE
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Gessius Florus | ||||||||
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• 117 CE
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Lusius Quietus | ||||||||
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• 130–132 CE
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Tineius Rufus | ||||||||
| King of the Jews | |||||||||
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• 41–44
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Agrippa I | ||||||||
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• 48–93/100
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Agrippa II | ||||||||
| Legislature | Synedrion/Sanhedrin | ||||||||
| Historical era | Roman Principate | ||||||||
| 6 CE | |||||||||
| c. 30 AD | |||||||||
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• Crisis under Caligula
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37–41 CE | ||||||||
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• Incorporation of Galilee and Peraea
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44 CE | ||||||||
| August 4, 70 CE | |||||||||
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• Governor of praetorian rank & given the 10th Legion
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c. 74 CE | ||||||||
| 132–135 CE 135 CE | |||||||||
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| Today part of | |||||||||
The Roman province of Judea, incorporated the regions of Judea, Samaria and Idumea, and extended over parts of the former regions of the Hasmonean and Herodian kingdoms of Judea. It was named after Herod Archelaus's Tetrarchy of Judea (The Herodian Tetrarchy was formed following the death of Herod the Great in 4 BCE, when his kingdom was divided between his sons).
The province of Judea was the scene of unrest at its founding in 6 CE during the Census of Quirinius, the Crucifixion of Jesus in 30-33 AD and several wars, known as the Jewish–Roman wars, were fought in its history. The Second Temple of Jerusalem was destroyed by the Romans in 70 CE as part of the First Jewish–Roman War and after the Bar Kokhba revolt (132–135), the Roman Emperor Hadrian changed the name of the province to Syria Palaestina and Jerusalem to Aelia Capitolina, which certain scholars conclude was an attempt to remove the relationship of the Jewish people to the region.
Judea was the stage of three major rebellions against the Romans. They were the Jewish-Roman wars:
- 66-70 AD - first rebellion, followed by the destruction of Herod's Temple and the siege of Jerusalem (see Great Jewish Revolt, Josephus)
- 115-117 AD - second rebellion, called Kitos War, due to excessive taxation
- 132-135 AD - third rebellion, Bar Kokhba's revolt
The first intervention of Rome in the region dates from 63 BC, following the end of the Third Mithridatic War, when Rome made a province of Syria. After the defeat of Mithridates VI of Pontus, general Pompeius Magnus (Pompey the Great) remained there to secure the area.
Images for kids
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Old Roman era gate, Bab al-'Amud in Jerusalem's Old City (today part of Damascus Gate)
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Roman stepped road in the Shephelah hill country of Judea (adjacent to Highway 375)
See also
In Spanish: Judea (provincia romana) para niños
