Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt facts for kids
Quick facts for kids Louis IX |
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Portrait of Louis IX around 1780 in the Musée historique de Strasbourg
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| Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt | |
| Reign | 12 October 1768 – 6 April 1790 |
| Predecessor | Louis VIII |
| Successor | Louis X |
| Born | 15 December 1719 Darmstadt |
| Died | 6 April 1790 (aged 70) Pirmasens |
| Spouse |
Countess Palatine Caroline of Zweibrücken
(m. 1741; died 1774)Marie Adelaide of Cheirouze, Countess of Lemberg
(m. 1775) |
| Issue |
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| House | Hesse-Darmstadt |
| Father | Louis VIII, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt |
| Mother | Countess Charlotte of Hanau-Lichtenberg |
Louis IX of Hesse-Darmstadt (German: Ludwig) (15 December 1719 – 6 April 1790) was Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt from 1768 to 1790.
Overview
Louis IX was a son of Louis VIII, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt, and Charlotte of Hanau-Lichtenberg and Müntzenberg.
He was born in Darmstadt on 15 December 1719. On 12 August 1741, Louis married Caroline, daughter of Christian III, Duke of Zweibrücken. They had three sons and five daughters, including:
- Princess Caroline of Hesse-Darmstadt (1746–1821), married Frederick V, Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg
- Princess Frederica Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt (1751–1805), married King Friedrich Wilhelm II of Prussia and became Queen of Prussia
- Prince Louis X (1753–1830), later Grand Duke Louis I, married his first cousin Princess Louise of Hesse-Darmstadt
- Princess Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt (1754–1832), married her first cousin Karl Ludwig, Hereditary Prince of Baden
- Princess Wilhelmina Louisa of Hessen-Darmstadt (1755–1776), married Grand Duke Pavel Petrovich of Russia, later emperor
- Princess Luise Auguste of Hesse-Darmstadt (1757–1830), married Karl August, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
- Prince Frederick (1759–1802)
- Prince Christian of Hesse-Darmstadt (1763–1830)
- A stillborn son on 3 May 1742
In 1775, Louis IX married Marie Adelaide of Cheirouze, countess of Lemberg. On 6 April 1790, Louis died in Pirmasens.
Louis IX and his first wife became the most recent common ancestors of all current sovereigns of hereditary monarchies in Europe in 2022 after Charles III became King of the United Kingdom.
Royal descendants
Dotted lines indicate marriage.
| Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt | Countess Palatine Caroline of Zweibrücken | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Princess Caroline of Hesse-Darmstadt ∞ Frederick V, Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg |
Frederica Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt ∞ Frederick William II of Prussia |
Louis I, Grand Duke of Hesse | Princess Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt ∞ Charles Louis, Hereditary Prince of Baden |
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| Princess Amalie of Hesse-Homburg ∞ Frederick, Hereditary Prince of Anhalt-Dessau |
Frederick William III of Prussia | Wilhelmine of Prussia ∞ William I of the Netherlands |
Louis II, Grand Duke of Hesse | Caroline of Baden ∞ Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria |
Frederica of Baden ∞ Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden |
Charles, Grand Duke of Baden | Princess Wilhelmine of Baden | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Prince Frederick Augustus of Anhalt-Dessau | William I, German Emperor | Alexandra Feodorovna (Charlotte of Prussia) ∞ Nicholas I of Russia |
William II of the Netherlands | Prince Frederick of the Netherlands | Prince Charles of Hesse and by Rhine | Prince Alexander of Hesse and by Rhine | Princess Sophie of Bavaria ∞ Archduke Franz Karl of Austria |
Princess Sophie of Sweden ∞ Leopold, Grand Duke of Baden |
Princess Josephine of Baden ∞ Karl Anton, Prince of Hohenzollern (born 1811) |
Princess Marie Amelie of Baden ∞ William Hamilton, 11th Duke of Hamilton |
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| Princess Adelheid-Marie of Anhalt-Dessau ∞ Adolphe, Grand Duke of Luxembourg |
Frederick III, German Emperor | Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolayevich of Russia | William III of the Netherlands | Louise of the Netherlands ∞ Charles XV of Sweden |
Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse | Prince Louis of Battenberg | Prince Henry of Battenberg | Archduke Karl Ludwig of Austria | Frederick I, Grand Duke of Baden | Princess Marie of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen ∞ Prince Philippe, Count of Flanders |
Lady Mary Victoria Douglas-Hamilton ∞ Albert I, Prince of Monaco |
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| William IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg | Wilhelm II, German Emperor | Sophia of Prussia | Olga Constantinovna of Russia ∞ George I of Greece |
Wilhelmina of the Netherlands ∞ Duke Henry of Mecklenburg-Schwerin |
Louise of Sweden ∞ Frederick VIII of Denmark |
Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine | Princess Alice of Battenberg | Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg ∞ Alfonso XIII of Spain |
Archduchess Elisabeth Amalie of Austria ∞ Prince Alois of Liechtenstein (1869–1955) |
Victoria of Baden ∞ Gustaf V of Sweden |
Albert I of Belgium | Louis II, Prince of Monaco | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg ∞ Prince Felix of Bourbon-Parma |
Princess Victoria Louise of Prussia ∞ Ernest Augustus, Duke of Brunswick |
Constantine I of Greece | Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark | Juliana of the Netherlands ∞ Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld |
Christian X of Denmark | Haakon VII of Norway | Princess Ingeborg of Denmark ∞ Prince Carl, Duke of Västergötland |
Infante Juan, Count of Barcelona | Franz Joseph II, Prince of Liechtenstein | Gustaf VI Adolf of Sweden | Leopold III of Belgium | Princess Charlotte, Duchess of Valentinois ∞ Prince Pierre, Duke of Valentinois |
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| Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg | Frederica of Hanover | Paul I of Greece | Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh | Beatrix of the Netherlands ∞ Prince Claus of the Netherlands |
Frederik IX of Denmark | Olav V of Norway | Princess Märtha of Sweden | Astrid of Sweden | Juan Carlos I of Spain |  Hans-Adam II, Prince of Liechtenstein |
Prince Gustaf Adolf, Duke of Västerbotten | Ingrid of Sweden | Princess Joséphine-Charlotte of Belgium | Albert II of Belgium | Rainier III, Prince of Monaco | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
.svg){kind=small} Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg |
Queen Sofía of Spain | .svg){kind=small} Charles III of the United Kingdom |
 Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands |
Margrethe II of Denmark |  Harald V of Norway |
 Felipe VI of Spain |
 Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden |
 Philippe I of Belgium |
 Albert II, Prince of Monaco |
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 Frederik X of Denmark |
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See also
- John William Friso and Marie Louise of Hesse-Kassel - Most recent common ancestors of all reigning hereditary European monarchs from the end of World War II until 2022
- Christian IX of Denmark and Louise of Hesse-Kassel - Common ancestors of many reigning hereditary European monarchs
- Descendants of Christian IX of Denmark
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Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt Facts for Kids. Kiddle Encyclopedia.