Marie Thérèse of Austria facts for kids
Quick facts for kids Marie Thérèse d'Autriche |
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Maria Theresa by Jean Nocret
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| Queen of France and Navarre | |||||
| Consort | 9 June 1660 – 30 July 1683 | ||||
| Born | 10 September 1638 El Escorial, Spain |
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| Died | 30 July 1683 (aged 44) Palace of Versailles, France |
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| Burial | 3 September 1683 Basilica of Saint Denis, France |
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| Spouse | Louis XIV of France | ||||
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Louis, Dauphin of France | ||||
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| House | House of Bourbon House of Habsburg |
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| Father | Philip IV of Spain | ||||
| Mother | Elisabeth of France | ||||
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Marie Thérèse of Austria (born María Teresa; 10 September 1638 – 30 July 1683) was a Spanish princess who became the Queen of France. She was the wife of King Louis XIV, also known as the "Sun King."
Marie Thérèse was the daughter of Philip IV, King of Spain, and Elisabeth of France. She was also the mother of Le Grand Dauphin. A famous painter named Diego Velázquez painted her when she was living in Spain.
She married Louis XIV in 1660 after a long conflict called the Franco-Spanish War. Marie Thérèse did not play a big role in politics during her time as queen. However, her family connection led to the War of the Spanish Succession in 1700. This war was about who would become the next king of Spain.
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Early Life and Family Background
María Teresa was born on 10 September 1638. Her full name was María Teresa de Austria y Borbón. She was the only child of King Philip IV of Spain and Queen Elisabeth of France who lived to be an adult.
Because of her birth, she was an Infanta of Spain and Archduchess of Austria. This meant she was a member of the powerful House of Habsburg family, which ruled Spain and Austria.
Marriage to the Sun King
María Teresa married Louis XIV on 3 June 1660. This was a special kind of wedding called a proxy marriage, where someone stands in for the groom. Her father, King Philip IV, and the Spanish royal court went with María Teresa to the Isle of Pheasants. This island is on the border between Spain and France.
There, Louis XIV and his court met her. On 7 June 1660, she left Spain, her home country. Two days later, on 9 June, she had a religious wedding ceremony with Louis XIV. This took place at the Saint Jean Baptiste church in Saint-Jean-de-Luz, France. The church had just been rebuilt for this important event.
After her marriage, she became known as Marie Thérèse d'Autriche in France. She had six children with Louis XIV. However, it is said that Louis XIV never truly loved her. Marie Thérèse lived a quiet life at court, often spending time with her Spanish helpers. Today, the current King of Spain, Felipe VI, is a direct descendant of Marie Thérèse.
Children of Marie Thérèse
Marie Thérèse and Louis XIV had six children. Sadly, most of them died when they were very young.
- Louis of France (1 November 1661 – 14 April 1711): He was the Dauphin of France, meaning he was next in line to the throne. He married Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria and had children.
- Anne Élisabeth of France (18 November 1662 – 30 December 1662): She died as a baby.
- Marie Anne of France (16 November 1664 – 26 December 1664): She also died as a baby.
- Marie Thérèse of France (2 January 1667 – 1 March 1672): She died when she was five years old.
- Philippe Charles of France (5 August 1668 – 10 July 1671): He was the Duke of Anjou and died when he was almost three.
- Louis François of France (14 June 1672 – 4 November 1672): He was also Duke of Anjou and died as a baby.
Later Life and Passing
In the last week of July 1683, Marie Thérèse became very sick. She passed away on 30 July 1683 at the Palace of Versailles in France. She was with Madame de Maintenon when she died.
Marie Thérèse was buried at the Royal Basilica of Saint Denis near Paris on 3 September 1683. This basilica is where many French kings and queens are buried. Sadly, her tomb was destroyed during the French Revolution many years later.
Namesakes
Marie Thérèse had a daughter named after her, Marie Thérèse of France, who died young. Another Princess of the French royal blood, Marie Thérèse, Princess of Conti, was also named in her honor.
Images for kids
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Painting of three-year-old Maria Theresa in the gardens of Hofburg Palace
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Archduchess Maria Theresa, by Andreas Möller
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Maria Theresa's procession through the Graben, 22 November 1740. The pregnant queen is on way to hear High Mass at St. Stephen's Cathedral before receiving homage.
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Maria Theresa being crowned Queen of Hungary, St. Martin's Cathedral, Pressburg
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Maria Theresa as the Queen of Hungary
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Engraved by Gustav Adolph Müller after Martin van Mytens, the Younger, Maria Theresa of Austria, 1742, engraving
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The Battle of Kolín, 1757
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Maria Theresa with her family, 1754, by Martin van Meytens
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Mural by Franz Anton Maulbertsch in the Hofburg, Innsbruck, commissioned by Maria Theresa in remembrance of her daughters who died in childhood: Maria Johanna (1750–1762), Maria Elisabeth (1737–1740), Maria Carolina (1740–1741) and Maria Carolina (1748–1748)
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Maria Theresa and her family celebrating Saint Nicholas, by Archduchess Maria Christina, in 1762
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Joseph, Maria Theresa's eldest son and co-ruler, in 1775, by Anton von Maron
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Confirmation of Serbian Privileges, issued by Maria Theresa in 1743
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Maria Theresa in 1762, by Jean-Étienne Liotard
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Maria Theresa depicted on her Thaler
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Maria Theresa as a widow in 1773, by Anton von Maron. Peace holds the olive crown above her head, reaffirming Maria Theresa's monarchical status. This was the last commissioned state portrait of Maria Theresa.
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Maria Theresa and her husband are interred in the double tomb which she had inscribed as a widow.
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Oath of allegiance ceremony of cabinet II of Austrian chancellor Sebastian Kurz in the Maria Theresa Room of the Hofburg palace (2020)
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Hungarian President László Sólyom with U.S. President George W. Bush in the Maria Theresa Room of Sándor Palace (2006)
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See also
In Spanish: María Teresa I de Austria para niños
