Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic facts for kids

Quick facts for kids Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic Naxçıvan Muxtar Respublikası
Flag Emblem
Location of Nakhchivan in the South Caucasus.
Capital and largest city	Nakhchivan
Official languages	Azerbaijani
Government	Autonomous republic
• Parliamentary Chairman	Vasif Talibov
Legislature	Supreme Assembly
Autonomy
• Establishment of the Nakhchivan ASSR	February 9, 1924
• Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic	November 17, 1990
Area
• Total	5,500 km2 (2,100 sq mi)
• Water (%)	negligible
Population
• 2011 estimate	414,900
• Density	77/km2 (199.4/sq mi)
HDI (2010)	0.793 high
Currency	Azerbaijani manat (AZN)
Time zone	UTC+4 (EET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+5 (EEST)

The Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic is a landlocked exclave of Azerbaijan. The region covers 5,500 km². It borders Armenia to the east and north, Iran to the south and west, and Turkey to the northwest.

Nakhchivan has a long history dating back to the Neolithic period. Armenia had the area for a thousand years. Nakhchivan became part of the Safavid dynasty of Persia in the sixteenth century. After the last Russo-Persian War, the Nakhchivan khanate became part of the Russian Empire in 1828. The region has had much bloodshed between Armenians and Azerbaijanis. They both claim the region.

In June 1918, the region came under the Ottomans. Under the Armistice of Mudros, the Ottomans agreed to leave. The British then had control.

In July 1920, Soviets took over the region. This began seventy years of Soviet Rule. In January 1990 Nakhchivan became independent from the USSR. A year later they joined the newly independent Republic of Azerbaijan.

The capital is the city of Nakhchivan.

Raions

Subdivisions of Nakhchivan.

Nakhchivan has eight divisions. Seven of these are raions. The capital city is separate.

Famous people from Nakhchivan

Political leaders

• Heydar Aliyev, former President of Azerbaijan (1993–2003) and father of the current President of Azerbaijan, Ilham Aliyev (2003–present).
• Abulfaz Elchibey, former President of Azerbaijan (1992–1993)
• Rasul Guliyev, former speaker of the National Assembly of Azerbaijan (1993–1996) and opposition leader
• Christapor Mikaelian, founding member of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation
• Stepan Sapah-Gulian, leader of the Armenian Social Democrat Hunchakian Party (19th-20th century)
• Jafar Kuli Khan Nakhchivanski, the founder of the short-lived Republic of Aras
• Ibrahim Abilov, first and only ambassador of Azerbaijan SSR to Turkey
• Garegin Nzhdeh, famous Armenian revolutionary, military leader and political thinker

Religious leaders

• Alexander Jughaetsi (Alexander I of Jugha), Catholicos of All Armenians (1706–1714)
• Hakob Jughaetsi (Jacob IV of Jugha), Armenian Catholicos (1655–1680)
• Azaria I Jughaetsi, Armenian Catholicos of the Holy See of Cilicia (1584–1601)

Military leaders

• Abdurahman Fatalibeyli, Soviet army major who defected to the German forces during World War II
• Ehsan Khan Nakhchivanski, Russian military general
• Huseyn Khan Nakhchivanski, Russian cavalry general and the only Muslim to serve as General-Adjutant of the Russian Tsar
• Ismail Khan Nakhchivanski, Russian military general
• Kelbali Khan Nakhchivanski, Russian military general
• Jamshid Khan Nakhchivanski, Soviet and Azerbaijani military general

Writers and poets

• M.S. Gulubekov, writer
• Huseyn Javid, poet
• Jalil Mammadguluzadeh, writer and satirist
• Ekmouladdin Nakhchivani, medieval literary figure
• Hindushah Nakhchivani, medieval literary figure
• Abdurrakhman en-Neshevi, medieval literary figure
• Mammed Said Ordubadi, writer
• Heyran Khanum, late medieval poet
• Elşen Hudiyev, contemporary poet and writer
• Mammad Araz, poet

Others

• Vladimir Makogonov, chess International Master and Grandmaster
• Ajami Nakhchivani, architect and founder of the Nakhchivan school of architecture
• Gaik Ovakimian, Soviet Armenian spy
• Ibrahim Safi, Turkish artist
• Rza Tahmasib, Azerbaijani film director

Related pages

• Administrative divisions of Azerbaijan
• Economic regions of Azerbaijan

Images for kids

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  A modern mausoleum marks the place in Nakhchivan City traditionally believed to be the site of Noah's grave.

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  The Nakhichevan region (light purple) at the time of Armenia's Kingdom of Vaspurakan (908–1021).

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  Caucasus region, beginning of the 13th century

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  Silver coin of Shah Suleiman I (r.1666–1694), struck at the Nakhchivan mint, dated 1684/5

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  Armenian cemetery in Julfa, 1830, by Francis Rawdon Chesney

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  Map of the Nakhchivan ASSR within the Soviet Union.

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  Topographic map of the region

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  Examples of Armenian khachkars from Julfa.

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  Heydar Aliyev, former President of Azerbaijan, was born in Nakhchivan.

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  Momine Khatun Mausoleum in Nakhchivan City

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  Brickwork and faience pattern on the Momine Khatun mausoleum

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  Another view of the mausoleum

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  Medieval-period ram-shaped grave monuments collected near the Momine Khatun mausoleum

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  Ram-shaped grave monument embedded in concrete

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  The Batabat region of Shakhbuz

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  General view of Ordubad with a range of high mountains in neighboring Iran in the distance

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  Houses in Ordubad photographed near the east bank of Ordubad-chay (also known as the Dubendi stream)

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  Narrow streets in Ordubad

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  A mosque in a quarter of Ordubad

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  Aras River on the Iranian border near Julfa

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  Mountainous terrain of Nakhchivan

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  Armenian khachkar cemetery at Julfa

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  Yusuf ibn Kuseir Mausoleum in Nakhchivan City

See also

In Spanish: República Autónoma de Najicheván para niños