Nguyễn Phú Trọng facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Nguyễn Phú Trọng
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Trọng in 2023
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| General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam | |
| In office 19 January 2011 – 19 July 2024 |
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| Preceded by | Nông Đức Mạnh |
| Succeeded by | TBD |
| Secretary of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party | |
| In office 19 January 2011 – 19 July 2024 |
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| Deputy | Phùng Quang Thanh Ngô Xuân Lịch Phan Văn Giang |
| Preceded by | Nông Đức Mạnh |
| 10th President of Vietnam | |
| In office 23 October 2018 – 5 April 2021 |
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| Prime Minister | Nguyễn Xuân Phúc |
| Vice President | Đặng Thị Ngọc Thịnh |
| Preceded by | Trần Đại Quang Đặng Thị Ngọc Thịnh (acting) |
| Succeeded by | Nguyễn Xuân Phúc |
| Chairman of the National Assembly of Vietnam | |
| In office 26 June 2006 – 23 July 2011 |
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| Preceded by | Nguyễn Văn An |
| Succeeded by | Nguyễn Sinh Hùng |
| Secretary of the Hanoi Party Committee | |
| In office January 2000 – 26 June 2006 |
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| Preceded by | Lê Xuân Tùng |
| Succeeded by | Phạm Quang Nghị |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 14 April 1944 Đông Hội, Đông Anh, French Indochina (now Hanoi, Vietnam) |
| Died | 19 July 2024 (aged 80) Hanoi, Vietnam |
| Political party | Communist Party of Vietnam |
| Spouse | Ngô Thị Mận |
| Children | 2 |
| Alma mater | University of Hanoi National Academy of Public Administration Russian Academy of Sciences |
| Occupation |
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Nguyễn Phú Trọng (born 14 April 1944 – died 19 July 2024) was an important Vietnamese politician. He was the General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam from 2011 until his death. This role made him the most powerful leader in Vietnam.
He was also in charge of the party's main groups, like the Secretariat and the Politburo. From 2018 to 2021, he also served as the President of Vietnam.
Nguyễn Phú Trọng joined the Communist Party in 1968. He slowly moved up in the party ranks. He became part of the party's Central Committee in 1994. In 1997, he joined the Politburo, which is a very high-level group. He also became a member of Vietnam's National Assembly in 2002.
Before becoming the top leader, he was the head of the Party committee in Hanoi from 2000 to 2006. This was the highest position in the city. Then, he was the Chairman of the National Assembly from 2006 to 2011.
He was first chosen as General Secretary in 2011. He was chosen again in 2016 and 2021. During his time as leader, he started a big campaign against corruption. Many high-ranking officials faced consequences because of this campaign.
Contents
Early Life and Education
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Nguyễn Phú Trọng was born in 1944 in Đông Hội Commune, which is in the Đông Anh district of Hanoi. His family was described as "average peasant."
He studied philology, which is the study of language and literature. He earned his Bachelor's degree from Vietnam National University, Hanoi in 1967. In December 1968, Nguyễn Phú Trọng officially became a member of the Communist Party of Vietnam.
He worked for the Tạp chí Cộng Sản (Communist Review) magazine. This magazine is important for the Communist Party of Vietnam. He worked there during different periods between 1968 and 1996. From 1973 to 1976, he studied political economy. He also went to the Soviet Union in 1981. There, he studied at the Academy of Sciences and earned a degree in history in 1983.
In 1998, Nguyễn Phú Trọng began working more on political theory for the party. He became known as an important thinker for Vietnam's politics. He led the party's Theoretical Council from 2001 to 2006. This group was in charge of the party's ideas and theories.
Nguyễn Phú Trọng became a member of the party's Central Committee in 1994. He joined the party's Politburo in 1997. He also became a representative in the National Assembly in 2002. From 2000 to 2006, he was the head of the party in Hanoi. This meant he was the main leader of the city.
On 26 June 2006, Nguyễn Phú Trọng was chosen as the Chairman of the National Assembly. This is like being the speaker of the country's parliament. On 23 October 2018, he was elected as the 10th President of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.
General Secretaryship
First Term (2011—2016)
Nguyễn Phú Trọng was elected General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam in 2011. This made him the top leader of Vietnam. During this time, he took control of the Central Steering Committee for Anti-Corruption. This committee works to fight against dishonest actions.
Domestic Policy
In 2012, he pushed for a new rule called Resolution No. 12. This rule asked party officials to improve themselves and admit their mistakes. It encouraged them to be good examples and be responsible for corruption. After this, the Central Steering Committee on Anti-corruption was placed directly under the Politburo. This gave it more power. He also helped create a clear process for choosing new leaders. This process made it harder for people to pick new members without support from the main party groups.
Foreign Policy
China
In October 2011, he visited China as General Secretary. He and Chinese leader Hu Jintao agreed to avoid making problems worse in the South China Sea. They decided to solve disagreements peacefully. In 2015, Trọng visited China again. Both leaders agreed to keep working on friendly relations between Vietnam and China. They wanted to build a future of good neighbors and partners.
United States
On 6 July 2015, General Secretary Nguyễn Phú Trọng visited the United States. This visit was important because it marked 20 years since the two countries became diplomatic partners. He talked with President Barack Obama about human rights, safety, and trade. Trọng was the first Vietnamese party leader to make a state visit to the United States. He also met with Vice President Biden and former President Clinton. He spoke about democracy in Vietnam with American experts.
India
In November 2013, Trọng visited India. This visit helped make the partnership between Vietnam and India stronger. It aimed to improve cooperation between the two countries.
Russia
During Trọng’s first term, Vietnam and Russia made their relationship stronger in 2012. After Russia took over Crimea, Vietnam chose not to vote at the United Nations. This vote was about whether Russia's actions were valid.
Second Term (2016—2021)
On 27 January 2016, Nguyễn Phú Trọng was chosen again as General Secretary. He was 72 years old, making him the oldest member of the 12th Committee. In this term, he was ranked as the number one leader in the Politburo.
In his second term, Trọng started a big anti-corruption campaign. Between 2017 and 2020, many senior party members faced consequences. This included members of the Politburo and Central Committee. Some even faced criminal charges.
Anti-corruption Campaign
Since 2016, Nguyễn Phú Trọng led a large effort against corruption. This campaign led to thousands of high-ranking officials being disciplined. Some were even put in prison or had to leave their jobs. For example, President Nguyễn Xuân Phúc resigned because some of his team were involved in corruption. Trọng called this campaign "burning a furnace" (đốt lò). This means getting rid of bad things.
People believe this campaign helped the Party gain more trust from the public. It also showed that the government was serious about fighting corruption. During his third term, many important corruption cases were handled. These included the Việt Á scandal and the large Van Thinh Phat Holdings Group case.
Presidency (2018-2021)
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After President Trần Đại Quang passed away in 2018, Nguyễn Phú Trọng was nominated for the presidency. The National Assembly voted for him on 23 October 2018. He received almost all the votes. This made Trọng the third person in Vietnam's history to lead both the party and the state at the same time. The others were Hồ Chí Minh and Trường Chinh.
In 2019, Vietnam hosted the 2019 North Korea–United States Hanoi Summit. Trọng met with the leaders as a neutral host.
In April 2019, there were reports that Nguyễn Phú Trọng was unwell. The government later confirmed he was "unwell, but will soon return to work." He appeared again in May 2019.
Third Term (2021—2024)
On 31 January 2021, Nguyễn Phú Trọng was chosen as General Secretary for a third time. He was the first leader since Lê Duẩn (1969-1986) to serve more than two terms. At a press conference, Nguyễn Phú Trọng said: "I am not in great health [...] I am old and I want to rest, but the Congress has elected me so I will comply with my duty to serve as a party member."
He was one of only three people to be elected as CPV general secretary for a third term. The others were Hồ Chí Minh and Lê Duẩn.
On 2 April 2021, the National Assembly voted to end Nguyễn Phú Trọng's presidency. He remained the top leader as the General Secretary of the Communist Party. Nguyễn Xuân Phúc became the new president.
In 2022, Trọng visited China and met with Chinese leader Xi Jinping. He was the first foreign leader to meet Xi after Xi secured his third term. Both leaders agreed to work together in many areas. They also talked about fighting terrorism and protecting human rights.
In January 2023, President Phúc resigned due to corruption issues. Trọng's ally Võ Văn Thưởng took over as president in March.
When the Russo-Ukrainian War started, Vietnam stayed neutral. Vietnam did not vote in most United Nations sessions about the conflict. In May 2023, Dmitry Medvedev, a former Russian president, visited Vietnam. He met with Trọng to discuss strengthening ties between Russia and Vietnam.
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On 10 September 2023, U.S. President Joe Biden visited Nguyễn Phú Trọng. The Vietnamese government made the relationship between the two countries even stronger. On 19 June 2024, Russian President Vladimir Putin visited Vietnam and met with Nguyễn Phú Trọng. Putin thanked Vietnam for its "balanced position" on the conflict in Ukraine.
Political Ideas
Nguyễn Phú Trọng was seen as a traditional Marxist–Leninist within the Communist Party. He often spoke against party members who lost their "Marxist–Leninist virtue." Trọng believed that "a country without discipline would be chaotic and unstable." He said, "We need to balance democracy and law and order."
Personal Life
Nguyễn Phú Trọng was married to Ngô Thị Mận. They had two children, a daughter and a son. Both of his children work for the government.
Death
Nguyễn Phú Trọng passed away in Hanoi on 19 July 2024. He was 80 years old. State media announced that he died in the early afternoon after being ill for some time.
Honours and Awards
State Honours
Other Honours
Books Written
- Nguyen Phu Trong (2004). Viet Nam on The Path of Renewal.
- Nguyen Phu Trong (2015). Renewal in Việt Nam: Theory and Reality.
- Nguyen Phu Trong; Tran Dinh Nghiem; Vu Hien (1995). Vietnam from 1986.
- Nguyen Phu Trong (2019) Determined to prevent and fight corruption.
- Nguyen Phu Trong (2021) Bringing the country into a new phase in a united and confident manner.
- Nguyen Phu Trong (2021) The whole Party and people join hands and unite to build our country more and more prosperous and happy.
- Nguyen Phu Trong (2023) Resolutely and persistently fight against corruption and negativity, contributing to building an increasingly clean and strong Party and State.
See Also
In Spanish: Nguyen Phu Trong para niños
- History of Vietnam
- Politics of Vietnam
