Pakatan Harapan facts for kids

Quick facts for kids Alliance of Hope
Malay name	Pakatan Harapan ڤاكتن هارڤن
Chinese name	希望联盟 希望聯盟
Tamil name	நம்பிக்கை கூட்டணி
Abbreviation	PH
President	Wan Azizah Wan Ismail
Chairman	Anwar Ibrahim
Deputy President	Anthony Loke Siew Fook Mohamad Sabu Ewon Benedick
Founded	22 September 2015 (2015-09-22)
Legalised	16 May 2018 (2018-05-16)
Preceded by	Pakatan Rakyat
Headquarters	A-1-09 Merchant Square, Jalan Tropicana Selatan 1, 47410 Petaling Jaya (PH Secretariat and PKR) Kuala Lumpur (DAP and AMANAH) Penampang (UPKO)
Newspaper	The Rocket RoketKini Suara Keadilan Media Harapan Harapan Daily Kenyalang Tribune Borneo Update
Student wing	Pakatan Harapan Students
Youth wing	Pakatan Harapan Youth
Women's wing	Pakatan Harapan Women
Ideology	Reformism Multiracialism Progressivism Civic nationalism
Political position	Centre-left
Colours	Red      White
Dewan Negara	16 / 70
Dewan Rakyat	81 / 222
State Legislative Assemblies	141 / 611
Chief minister of states	3 / 13
Election symbol
(except DAP Sarawak) (DAP Sarawak only)
Party flag
Website
Political parties

The Alliance of Hope (known as Malay: Pakatan Harapan or PH) is a group of political parties in Malaysia. It was formed in 2015 and is made up of parties that are generally considered to be in the middle-left of politics. This group took over from an older coalition called Pakatan Rakyat.

Since November 2022, the Alliance of Hope has been leading the government in Malaysia. Before that, they also led the government from May 2018 to February 2020.

Currently, the Alliance of Hope is the biggest group in the Dewan Rakyat (which is like Malaysia's House of Representatives), holding 81 seats. They are also part of the state governments in seven out of 13 states across the country. These states include Penang, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Perak, Pahang, Melaka, and Sabah. They also help support the state government in Johor.

The Alliance of Hope includes four main parties: the Democratic Action Party (DAP), the People's Justice Party (PKR), the National Trust Party (AMANAH), and the United Progressive Kinabalu Organisation (UPKO).

In the 2018 Malaysian general election, the Alliance of Hope won and replaced the Barisan Nasional government. This was a big change, as Barisan Nasional had been in power for 60 years! However, the Alliance of Hope lost power in February 2020 due to some political changes. Their chairman, Mahathir Mohamad, who was also the Prime Minister at the time, resigned. His party and some members from another party left the coalition.

After the 2022 Malaysian general election, no single group won enough seats to form a government on its own. So, the Alliance of Hope teamed up with several other parties and groups, including Barisan Nasional, to form a "national unity government." The chairman of the Alliance of Hope, Anwar Ibrahim, became the Prime Minister.

How the Alliance of Hope Started

Forming the Coalition

The Alliance of Hope was created to continue the work of an earlier group called Pakatan Rakyat. That group had three parties: the People's Justice Party, the Democratic Action Party, and the Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS). But in June 2015, PAS and DAP had disagreements, especially about religious laws, which led to the group breaking up.

So, in September 2015, the remaining parties from Pakatan Rakyat, along with a new party called the National Trust Party (which was formed by former PAS members), came together to create the Alliance of Hope.

Later, in November 2016, a new party called the Malaysian United Indigenous Party (BERSATU), led by former Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad, decided to join the Alliance of Hope. They officially became a member in March 2017.

Rising to Power

Before the 2018 general election, the Alliance of Hope announced its main leaders. Mahathir Mohamad became the chairman, and Wan Azizah Wan Ismail became the president. Anwar Ibrahim, who was in prison at the time, was seen as the main leader of the opposition.

The coalition wanted to use one common logo for all its candidates in the 2018 election. However, they faced some challenges in getting officially registered in time. So, they decided that most of their candidates would use the logo of the People's Justice Party (PKR) on the ballot papers. In Sabah and Sarawak, local parties chose to use their own logos. They also made an agreement with the Sabah Heritage Party (WARISAN) before the election.

In the election held on May 9, 2018, the Alliance of Hope won enough seats to form the government! This was a historic moment, as it ended the 60-year rule of the Barisan Nasional coalition. After their victory, another party, the United Pasokmomogun Kadazandusun Murut Organisation, left Barisan Nasional and joined forces with the Alliance of Hope and WARISAN in Sabah.

The Alliance of Hope also formed the government in several states, including Kedah, Penang, Perak, Selangor, Malacca, Negeri Sembilan, Johor, and Sabah.

Just a few days after their election win, on May 17, the Alliance of Hope was officially registered.

After taking power, the Alliance of Hope worked on important changes. They aimed to make sure that trials for former leaders were fair and that the anti-corruption commission was independent. They also removed a law about "fake news." However, they faced challenges in other areas, such as making decisions more local in Sabah and Sarawak, improving education, and dealing with issues related to indigenous people and fairness between different groups. Some people noted that the government was also busy with internal disagreements.

Losing Power

On February 24, 2020, Mahathir Mohamad suddenly resigned as Prime Minister. His party, BERSATU, left the Alliance of Hope, along with some members from the People's Justice Party. This happened amid discussions about who would be the next Prime Minister. This political change caused the Alliance of Hope government to lose its majority in parliament and fall from power.

A new group, led by Mahathir's deputy, Muhyiddin Yassin, then formed a new government with the support of other parties. The Alliance of Hope also lost control of the state governments in Johor, Malacca, Perak, and Kedah.

Returning to Power

In the 2022 Malaysian general election, the Alliance of Hope won the most seats (82) in the Dewan Rakyat, but it wasn't enough to form a government on its own. They won many seats in states like Selangor, Johor, Penang, Perak, Melaka, and Negeri Sembilan. However, they lost by a lot in Kelantan, Terengganu, Kedah, and Perlis.

Since no single group had a clear majority, the King of Malaysia suggested forming a "unity government." So, the Alliance of Hope joined with Barisan Nasional and several other groups and independent politicians to form the new government. The chairman of the Alliance of Hope, Anwar Ibrahim, became the Prime Minister. This same arrangement was made in seven states, where the Alliance of Hope is part of the government.

International Connections

The Alliance of Hope itself is not part of any big international political groups. However, some of its individual parties are. For example, the Democratic Action Party is a founding member of the Progressive Alliance. The People's Justice Party was once listed as an observer member of the Liberal International, but its leader, Anwar Ibrahim, later said the party was not part of any international political group.

Member Parties

The Alliance of Hope is made up of these parties:

Flag	Name			Main Ideas	Political Stance	Leader(s)	Current seats
							Composition
Current Member Parties
		PKR	People's Justice Party Parti Keadilan Rakyat	Liberal democracy Social liberalism	Centre-left	Anwar Ibrahim	31 / 81
		DAP	Democratic Action Party Parti Tindakan Demokratik	Social democracy Social liberalism	Centre-left	Anthony Loke Siew Fook	40 / 81
		AMANAH	National Trust Party Parti Amanah Negara	Progressivism Islamic modernism	Centre-left	Mohamad Sabu	8 / 81
		UPKO	United Progressive Kinabalu Organisation Pertubuhan Kinabalu Progresif Bersatu	Sabah regionalism	N/A	Ewon Benedick	2 / 81

Former Member Party

• Malaysian United Indigenous Party (BERSATU), (2017–2020)

Leaders of the Alliance of Hope

Chairmen

No.	Name	Portrait	Time in Office		Political party
1	Mahathir Mohamad	Mahathir Mohamad	14 July 2017	24 February 2020	BERSATU
2	Anwar Ibrahim	Anwar Ibrahim	14 May 2020	Currently in office	PKR

President

No.	Name	Portrait	Time in Office		Political party
1	Wan Azizah Wan Ismail	Wan Azizah Wan Ismail	14 July 2017	Currently in office	PKR

Key Leadership Roles

The Alliance of Hope has a Central Leadership Council that guides the coalition. Here are some of the main roles:

• Chairman: Anwar Ibrahim (PKR)
• President: Wan Azizah Wan Ismail (PKR)
• Deputy Presidents:
  • Anthony Loke Siew Fook (DAP)
  • Mohamad Sabu (AMANAH)
  • Ewon Benedick (UPKO)
• Chief Secretary: Saifuddin Nasution Ismail (PKR)
• Treasurer: Adly Zahari (AMANAH)
• Women Chief: Aiman Athirah Sabu (AMANAH)
• Youth Chief: Kelvin Yii Lee Wuen (DAP)
• Elections Director: Rafizi Ramli (PKR)
• Communications Director: Fahmi Fadzil (PKR)

Alliance of Hope in Government

Members of Parliament

The Alliance of Hope has 81 members in the Dewan Rakyat (House of Representatives). These members represent different areas across Malaysia.

State Government Roles

The Alliance of Hope also plays a big role in state governments. They lead the governments in Negeri Sembilan, Penang, and Selangor. They are also part of the state governments in Pahang, Perak, Melaka, and Sabah, working together with other parties.

Here are some of the top leaders in the states where the Alliance of Hope leads:

State	Leader Type	Member	Party		State Area
Negeri Sembilan	Menteri Besar (Chief Minister)	Aminuddin Harun		PKR	Sikamat
Penang	Chief Minister	Chow Kon Yeow		DAP	Padang Kota
Selangor	Menteri Besar (Chief Minister)	Amirudin Shari		PKR	Sungai Tua

Ministers in the Government

Many members of the Alliance of Hope hold important positions as ministers in the Malaysian government. Here are some of them:

Election Results

General Election Outcomes

The Alliance of Hope has taken part in two general elections. Here's how they did:

State Election Outcomes

The Alliance of Hope also competes in state elections. Here's a summary of their performance:

Images for kids

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  Mahathir Mohamad

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  Anwar Ibrahim

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  Wan Azizah Wan Ismail

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  Nik Nazmi Nik Ahmad

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  Syed Saddiq Syed Abdul Rahman

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  Howard Lee Chuan How

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  Kelvin Yii Lee Wuen