Johor facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Johor
|
|||
|---|---|---|---|
| Negeri dan Jajahan Takluk Johor Darul Ta'zim (State and Occupied Territories of Johor Darul Ta'zim) | |||
| Other transcription(s) | |||
| • Malay | Johor | ||
| • Jawi | جوهر | ||
| • Chinese | 柔佛 | ||
| • Tamil | ஜொகூர் | ||
|
|||
| Nickname(s):
Darul Ta'zim
دارالتّعظيم Abode of Dignity |
|||
| Motto(s): | |||
| Anthem: Lagu Bangsa Johor لاڬو بڠسا جوهر Johor State Anthem |
|||
|
|||
| Capital | Johor Bahru | ||
| Royal capital | Muar | ||
| Government | |||
| • Type | Parliamentary constitutional monarchy | ||
| Area | |||
| • Total | 19,102 km2 (7,375 sq mi) | ||
| Population
(2017)
|
|||
| • Total | 3,700,000 (3rd) | ||
| • Density | 174/km2 (450/sq mi) | ||
| • Demonym | Johorean / Johorian | ||
| Human Development Index | |||
| • HDI (2017) | 0.785 (high) (5th) | ||
| Time zone | UTC+8 (MST) | ||
| Postal code |
79xxx to 86xxx
|
||
| Calling code | 07 06 (Muar and Tangkak) |
||
| ISO 3166 code | MY-01 | ||
| Vehicle registration | J | ||
| Johor Sultanate | 1528 | ||
| Anglo–Johor Treaty | 1885 | ||
| Johor State Constitution | 14 April 1895 | ||
| British protectorate | 1914 | ||
| Japanese occupation | 31 January 1942 | ||
| Accession into the Federation of Malaya | 1948 | ||
| Independence as part of the Federation of Malaya | 31 August 1957 | ||
| Federated as part of Malaysia | 16 September 1963 | ||
| Kota Iskandar is a state administrative centre. Except Muar and Tangkak. |
|||
Johor is a state in Malaysia. It's one of the most developed states there. The capital city and royal home of Johor is Johor Bahru. This city was once called Tanjung Puteri. The old state capital was Johor Lama. Johor is also known as Darul Ta'zim, which means "Abode of Dignity" in Arabic.
Johor is surrounded by other states like Pahang to the north, and Melaka and Negeri Sembilan to the northwest. To the south, it borders the Straits of Johor. This strait forms the international border between Malaysia and Singapore. The very southern tip of mainland Asia is Tanjung Piai in Johor.
Contents
History of Johor
The name "Johor" comes from the Arabic word Jauhar, meaning 'gem' or 'precious stone'. Before it was called Johor, the area south of the Muar River all the way to Singapore island was known as Ujung Tanah. This Malay name means 'land's end'. It makes sense because Johor is indeed at the very end of the Malay Peninsula and the Asian continent.
Getting Around Johor
Ports
Johor has three important ports for ships: Pasir Gudang Port, Port of Tanjung Pelepas, and Tanjung Langsat Port. These ports help with trade and shipping goods.
Airports
Johor has one international airport called Senai International Airport. It is located in Senai. The airport first opened on June 6, 1974, and has grown a lot since then. It can now handle 5 million passengers each year.
This airport is also a main base for AirAsia, which is a popular low-cost airline. Malaysia Airlines also flies from Senai airport to different places, both within Malaysia and to other countries.
How Johor is Governed
The Monarchy
Johor is a constitutional monarchy. This means it has a ruler, called a Sultan, but the state also has a set of laws that everyone, including the Sultan, must follow. Johor was the first state in Malaysia to adopt this system. Its laws are written in the Undang-undang Tubuh Negeri Johor, which is the Johor State Establishment Constitution. Sultan Abu Bakar wrote this constitution.
The Sultan is the head of Johor. Only a member of the Johor Royal Family who is a descendant of Sultan Abu Bakar can become the Sultan.
Johor is unique because it's the only state in Malaysia with its own military force. It's called the Johor Military Force, or 'Timbalan Setia Negeri'. This is the Sultan's private army, and the state government pays for it.
State Government
The state government is led by the Chief Minister, also known as the Menteri Besar. The Chief Minister gets help from an executive council. The members of this council are chosen from the state assembly members.
The Johor State Assembly is the group that makes laws for Johor. Members of this assembly are chosen by the people in an election that happens every five years.
Fun Places to Visit in Johor
Major Tourist Attractions
Johor has many popular places for tourists to visit:
- Desaru - You can find beautiful beaches and golf courses along the South China Sea here.
- Johor Bahru - This city is great for shopping, exploring night markets, and seeing old royal buildings.
- Endau Rompin National Park - A huge area of untouched jungle.
- Kota Tinggi - Home to a 34-meter tall waterfall.
- Kukup - A fishing village with seafood restaurants built right over the water.
- Muar - A lovely town located by a river.
- Seribuat Archipelago - Islands with amazing beaches and colorful coral reefs.
- Tanjung Piai - The southernmost point of mainland Asia.
- Danga Bay - A modern waterfront area.
- Pekan Air Panas - You can find hot springs, another waterfall, and local fruits here.
- Kota Iskandar - This is the administrative capital of Johor.
National Parks and Forest Reserves
Johor is also famous for its national parks. There are five national parks in Johor, covering more than 700 square kilometers. There are also many smaller recreational forests, often around mountains. Johor also has the third largest mangrove forest in Peninsular Malaysia.
Geography of Johor
Physical Features
In 2010, Johor had about 3.35 million people. About 48% were Malays, 40% Chinese, and 8% Indians. Johor is the fifth largest state in Malaysia, covering 18,984 square kilometers. It is the southernmost state in Peninsular Malaysia. To its north are Melaka, Negeri Sembilan, and Pahang. To its south is the Straits of Johor.
The highest point in Johor is Gunung Ledang, also known as Mount Ophir, which is 1276 meters tall. Johor is special because it's the only state in Malaysia with about 400 kilometers of beaches on both its east and west coasts.
Johor has 8 large islands and many smaller ones. Some of the big islands include:
- Pulau Tinggi
- Pulau Rawa
- Pulau Sibu
- Pulau Tengah
- Pulau Pemanggil
- Pulau Aur
- Pulau Besar
- Pulau Lima
Weather
Johor has a wet equatorial climate. This means it gets monsoon rains from November to February, blown in from the South China Sea. The average rainfall each year is about 1778 millimeters. The temperature usually stays between 25.5°C (78°F) and 27.8°C (82°F). The air is quite humid, usually between 82% and 86%.
Heavy Rain in 2006
On December 19, 2006, Johor experienced very heavy rainfall. Many towns, like Muar, Kota Tinggi, and Segamat, were badly flooded. In some places, the water was as high as 10 feet (3 meters) above the ground. Sadly, 15 people lost their lives, and many homes and belongings were destroyed. This caused huge financial losses for Johor. More than 100,000 people had to be moved to special flood relief centers.
Connections to Singapore
Johor is connected to Singapore by two main roads: the Johor-Singapore Causeway and the Malaysia-Singapore Second Link.
The Johor-Singapore Causeway is 1038 meters long. It was first planned in 1909 as a railway link to connect Johor Bahru to Singapore. Singapore was then the main British center in Southeast Asia. Building the road part of the causeway started in 1919 and was finished in 1923.
| States and Federal Territories of Malaysia |  |
|---|---|
| States: Johor | Kedah | Kelantan | Malacca | Negeri Sembilan | Pahang | Perak | Perlis | Penang | Sabah | Sarawak | Selangor | Terengganu | |
| Federal Territories: Kuala Lumpur | Labuan | Putrajaya | |
Images for kids
-
The Royal Crown in Istana Bukit Serene, Johor, called the "Jewel"
-
PedraBranca-MapofDominionofJohore-Hamilton-1727.jpg
Map of the Dominion of Johor, 1727
-
A painting by John Edmund Taylor showing people in rowboats on the Johor River in the evening seen from Changi in Singapore, July 1879
-
Johor Bahru town during the British period, c. 1920
-
Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824
-
Indian troops embark onto boats during an invasion exercise in southern Johore, 13 November 1941.
-
Three Australian 8th Division members firing on Japanese Type 95 Ha-Gō tanks on the Muar-Parit Sulong road during the Battle of Muar, 18 January 1942
-
View of the blown up Johor–Singapore Causeway with the gap visible in the middle, which delayed the Japanese conquest of Singapore for over a week to 8 February 1942
-
Additional Japanese troops advancing through an iron bridge in Labis which had been destroyed by the retreating British forces down the Malayan Peninsula, 22 January 1942
-
British Brigadier J J McCully inspects men of the 4th Regiment of the Malayan People’s Anti-Japanese Army (MPAJA) guerrillas at Johor Bahru after the end of war against the Japanese, 1945
-
MPAJA guerrillas marching through the street of Johor Bahru during their disbandment ceremony in December 1945
-
Onn Jaafar (left), the Menteri Besar of Johor and founder of the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) with Dr. W. Linehan (right), C.M.G. Adviser on Constitutional Affairs during the Federation of Malaya Agreements in 1948
-
Sultan Ibrahim leading the Johor Military Forces (JMF) during the King's Birthday Parade of George V in Singapore, c. 1920
-
Johor is located in southern Malay Peninsula as seen from NASA satellite image.
-
Forest trees of Johor in tropical rainforest climate
-
A female tiger shrike (Lanius tigrinus) in Panti Forest
-
Heron in a swamp of Johor
-
Crocodile sanctuary in Pasir Gudang.
-
Shipping container in Tanjung Pelepas Port
-
Theme park tourism such as the Legoland Malaysia Resort (pictured) has been a major part of the state economy since their opening in 2012.
-
Palm oil and pineapple plantation in Rengit, Batu Pahat District.
-
A farmers' market in Pontian Kechil, Pontian District.
-
Puteri Harbour Family Park landscapes
-
Johor Bahru city centre at dusk
-
A village in Johor with a telephone line
-
Tebrau Highway leading to the city centre, part of Federal Route 3
-
Johor Bahru Sentral railway station in Johor Bahru.
-
Puteri Harbour International Ferry Terminal in Iskandar Puteri.
-
Sultanah Aminah Hospital, the main government hospital in the state
-
University of Technology Malaysia (UTM) chancellory building.
-
Southern University College main gate in Skudai, Iskandar Puteri.
-
Johor residents with families near the end of the year
-
Girls from the aboriginal people of Johor
-
Multilingual sign in Malay, English and Chinese at a workshop in Kota Tinggi.
-
The Johor Heritage Foundation building in the state capital
-
Zapin performance in a school in Batu Pahat
-
Chingay parade celebration in the capital city as part of Chinese New Year festivities in 2018
-
Mee bandung in Johor
-
The Tan Sri Dato' Haji Hassan Yunos Stadium was the home stadium of Johor Darul Ta'zim until 2019.
-
Mount Ophir
-
Rawa Island beach
-
Sunrise over a palm oil plantation
-
Waterfall in Mount Belumut
_(AWM_4093032).jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
_female_-_Flickr_-_Lip_Kee.jpg)
.jpg)
See also
In Spanish: Johor para niños
