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Secretary of State for India
Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom (HM Government).svg
Royal Arms as used by His Majesty's Government
India Office
Member of British Cabinet
Privy Council
Seat Westminster, London
Appointer The British Monarch
on advice of the Prime Minister
Term length No fixed term
Constituting instrument Government of India Act
Precursor President of the Board of Control
Formation 2 August 1858
First holder Lord Stanley
Final holder The 5th Earl of Listowel
Abolished 14 August 1947
Deputy Under-Secretary of State for India
The seat of the chairman of the court of directors of the East India Company (c.1730) - BL Foster 905
The ceremonial seat of the Chairman of the Court of Directors of the East India Company, and subsequently that of the Secretary of State for India
John Morley, 1st Viscount Morley of Blackburn - Project Gutenberg eText 17976
The 1st Viscount Morley of Blackburn, Secretary of State for India from 1905 to 1910 and again briefly, as acting Secretary, in 1911

His (or Her) Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for India, known for short as the India secretary or the Indian secretary, was the British Cabinet minister and the political head of the India Office responsible for the governance of the India, Aden, and Burma. The post was created in 1858 when the East India Company's rule in Bengal ended and India, except for the Princely States, was brought under the direct administration of the government in Whitehall in London, beginning the official colonial period under the British Empire.

In 1937, the India Office was reorganised which separated Burma and Aden under a new Burma Office, but the same Secretary of State headed both departments and a new title was established as His Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for India and Burma. The India Office and its Secretary of State were abolished in August 1947, when the United Kingdom granted independence in the Indian Independence Act, which created two new independent dominions, India and Pakistan. Burma soon achieved independence separately in early 1948.

Secretaries of state for India, 1858–1937

Before the establishment of the British Empire on 2 August 1858, Lord Stanley had served as President of the Board of Control.

Portrait Name Term of office Political party Prime Minister
Edward Stanley, 15th Earl of Derby 2.jpg The Right Honourable
Lord Stanley
MP for King's Lynn
2 August
1858
11 June
1859
Conservative The 14th Earl of Derby
1stViscountHalifax.jpg The Right Honourable
Sir Charles Wood
Bt GCB PC
MP for Halifax until 1865
MP for Ripon after 1865
18 June
1859
16 February
1866
Liberal  
Viscount Palmerston
 
The Earl Russell
George Robinson 1st Marquess of Ripon.jpg The Right Honourable
The Earl de Grey
VD PC
16 February
1866
26 June
1866
Liberal
Robert cecil.jpg The Right Honourable
Viscount Cranborne
MP for Stamford
6 July
1866
8 March
1867
Conservative  
The 14th Earl of Derby
 
Stafford Northcote, 1st Earl of Iddesleigh.jpg The Right Honourable
Sir Stafford Northcote
Bt CB
MP for North Devonshire
8 March
1867
1 December
1868
Conservative
 
Benjamin Disraeli
 
George Douglas Campbell, 8th Duke of Argyll by George Frederic Watts.jpg His Grace
The Duke of Argyll
KT PC
9 December
1868
17 February
1874
Liberal William Ewart Gladstone
Robert cecil.jpg The Most Honourable
The Marquess of Salisbury
PC FRS
21 February
1874
2 April
1878
Conservative Benjamin Disraeli
1st Earl of Cranbrook.jpg The Right Honourable
The Viscount Cranbrook
PC
2 April
1878
21 April
1880
Conservative
Picture of Spencer Cavendish, 8th Duke of Devonshire.jpg The Most Honourable
Marquess of Hartington
MP for North East Lancashire
28 April
1880
16 December
1882
Liberal William Ewart Gladstone
1st Earl of Kimberley 1897.jpg The Right Honourable
The Earl of Kimberley
PC
16 December
1882
9 June
1885
Liberal
Randolph churchill.jpg The Right Honourable
Lord Randolph Churchill
MP for Paddington South
24 June
1885
28 January
1886
Conservative The Marquess of Salisbury
1st Earl of Kimberley 1897.jpg The Right Honourable
The Earl of Kimberley
KG PC
6 February
1886
20 July
1886
Liberal William Ewart Gladstone
Portrait of Richard Assheton Cross, 1st Viscount Cross.jpg The Right Honourable
The Viscount Cross
GCB PC
3 August
1886
11 August
1892
Conservative The Marquess of Salisbury
1st Earl of Kimberley 1897.jpg The Right Honourable
The Earl of Kimberley
KG PC
18 August
1892
10 March
1894
Liberal William Ewart Gladstone
Henry Fowler.jpg The Right Honourable
Henry Fowler
MP for Wolverhampton East
10 March
1894
21 June
1895
Liberal The Earl of Rosebery
Lord George Hamilton.JPG The Right Honourable
Lord George Hamilton
MP for Ealing
4 July
1895
9 October
1903
Conservative  
The Marquess of Salisbury
(Unionist Coalition)
 
 
Arthur Balfour
(Unionist Coalition)
 
St John Brodrick, 1st Earl of Midleton, circa 1910s.jpg The Right Honourable
William St John Brodrick
MP for Guildford
9 October
1903
4 December
1905
Irish Unionist
John Morley, 1st Viscount Morley of Blackburn - Project Gutenberg eText 17976.jpg The Right Honourable
John Morley
OM PC
MP for Montrose Burghs until 1908
Viscount Morley of Blackburn after 1908
10 December
1905
3 November
1910
Liberal Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman
H. H. Asquith
Portrait of Robert Crewe-Milnes, 1st Marquess of Crewe.jpg The Right Honourable
The Earl of Crewe
KG PC FSA
3 November
1910
7 March
1911
Liberal
John Morley, 1st Viscount Morley of Blackburn - Project Gutenberg eText 17976.jpg The Right Honourable
The Viscount Morley of Blackburn
OM PC
7 March
1911
25 May
1911
Liberal
Portrait of Robert Crewe-Milnes, 1st Marquess of Crewe.jpg The Most Honourable
The Marquess of Crewe
KG PC FSA
25 May
1911
25 May
1915
Liberal
Austen Chamberlain MP.jpg The Right Honourable
Austen Chamberlain
MP for Birmingham West
25 May
1915
17 July
1917
Conservative H. H. Asquith
(Coalition)

David Lloyd George
(Coalition)

Edwin Samuel Montagu.jpg The Right Honourable
Edwin Montagu
MP for Chesterton until 1918
MP for Cambridgeshire after 1918
17 July
1917
19 March
1922
Liberal
William Peel.jpg The Right Honourable
The Viscount Peel
GBE PC
19 March
1922
22 January
1924
Conservative Bonar Law
Stanley Baldwin
Lord Olivier GGBain.jpg The Right Honourable
The Lord Olivier
KCMG CB PC
22 January
1924
3 November
1924
Labour Ramsay MacDonald
1stEarlOfBirkenhead.jpg The Right Honourable
The Earl of Birkenhead
KCMG PC
6 November
1924
18 October
1928
Conservative Stanley Baldwin
William Peel.jpg The Right Honourable
The Viscount Peel
GBE PC
18 October
1928
4 June
1929
Conservative
William Wedgewood-Benn.jpg The Right Honourable
William Wedgwood Benn
DSO
MP for Aberdeen North
7 June
1929
24 August
1931
Labour Ramsay MacDonald
Sir Samuel Hoare GGBain.jpg The Right Honourable
Sir Samuel Hoare
Bt GCSI GBE CMG JP
MP for Chelsea
25 August
1931
7 June
1935
Conservative Ramsay MacDonald
(1st & 2nd National Min.)
Lord Zetland.jpg The Most Honourable
The Marquess of Zetland
GCSI GCIE PC
7 June
1935
28 May
1937
Conservative Stanley Baldwin
(3rd National Min.)

Secretaries of state for India and Burma, 1937–1947

Portrait Name Term of office Political party Prime Minister
Lord Zetland.jpg The Most Honourable
The Marquess of Zetland
GCSI GCIE PC
28 May
1937
13 May
1940
Conservative Neville Chamberlain
(4th National Min.;
War Coalition)
Leopold Amery MP.png The Right Honourable
Leo Amery
MP for Birmingham Sparkbrook
13 May
1940
26 July
1945
Conservative Winston Churchill
(War Coalition; Caretaker Min.)
British Political Personalities 1936-1945 HU59768.jpg The Right Honourable
The Lord Pethick-Lawrence
PC
3 August
1945
17 April
1947
Labour Clement Attlee
No image.svg The Right Honourable
The Earl of Listowel
PC
17 April
1947
14 August
1947
Labour

Secretaries of state for Burma, 1947–1948

Portrait Name Term of office Political party Prime Minister
No image.svg The Right Honourable
The Earl of Listowel
PC
14 August
1947
4 January
1948
Labour Clement Attlee

See also


History of English and British government departments with responsibility for foreign affairs
and those with responsibility for the colonies, dominions and the Commonwealth
Northern Department
1660–1782
Secretaries
Undersecretaries
Foreign Office
1782–1968
Secretaries
Ministers
Undersecretaries
Foreign and Commonwealth Office
1968–2020
Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office since 2020
Secretaries
Ministers
Undersecretaries
Southern Department
1660–1768
Secretaries
Undersecretaries
Colonial Office
1768–1782
Secretaries
Undersecretaries
Home Office
1782–1794
Secretaries
Undersecretaries
War Office
1794–1801
Secretaries
Undersecretaries
War and Colonial Office
1801–1854
Secretaries
Undersecretaries
Colonial Office
1854–1925
Secretaries
Undersecretaries
Colonial Office
1925–1966
Secretaries
Ministers
Undersecretaries
Commonwealth Office
1966–1968
Secretaries
Ministers
Undersecretaries
Southern Department
1768–1782
Secretaries
Undersecretaries
Dominions Office
1925–1947
Secretaries
Undersecretaries
Commonwealth Relations Office
1947–1966
Secretaries
Ministers
Undersecretaries
. India Office
1858–1937
Secretaries
Undersecretaries
India Office
and
Burma Office
1937–1947
Secretaries
Undersecretaries
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