Claude, Duke of Guise facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Claude de Lorraine
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| Duke of Guise | |
Portrait by Jean Clouet
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| Count / Duke of Guise | |
| Reign | 10 December 1508 – 12 April 1550 |
| Successor | Francis |
| Born | 20 October 1496 Château de Custines |
| Died | 12 April 1550 (aged 53) Château de Joinville |
| Noble family | Guise |
| Spouse(s) | |
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| Father | René II, Duke of Lorraine |
| Mother | Philippa of Guelders |
Claude de Lorraine, Duke of Guise (born October 20, 1496 – died April 12, 1550) was an important French noble and military leader. He became the very first Duke of Guise in 1528.
Claude was a highly skilled general who served the French king. His children and grandchildren later became key leaders of the Catholic side during the French Wars of Religion.
Contents
Life of Claude de Lorraine
Early Life and Family
Claude was born at the Château de Condé-sur-Moselle. He was the second son of René II, Duke of Lorraine, who was the Duke of Lorraine. His mother was Philippa of Guelders.
Claude grew up and was educated at the French royal court. This was the court of King Francis I. On June 9, 1513, when he was sixteen, Claude married Antoinette de Bourbon. She was the daughter of François, Count of Vendôme.
Military Career and Achievements
Claude showed great bravery in battles. He was especially noted at the Battle of Marignano in 1515. He received twenty-two wounds in this battle and took a long time to recover.
In 1521, he fought at Fuenterrabia. The capture of this place was credited to his efforts. In 1522, he made the English army stop their attack on Hesdin.
In 1523, Claude became the governor of Champagne and Burgundy. He earned this role after defeating the troops of the Holy Roman Empire near Neufchâteau. These troops had invaded the province.
In 1525, Claude defeated a large peasant army near Saverne. After King Francis I returned from being held captive, Claude was made the Duke of Guise in 1527.
The Guise family was a branch of the royal House of Lorraine. They were also related to the Capetian House of Anjou. Because of this, they claimed to be more important than other noble families like the House of Bourbon.
Marriage and Children
Claude married Antoinette de Bourbon on June 9, 1513. Together, they had many children:
- Mary of Guise (1515–1560); she married King James V of Scotland. They had a daughter, Mary, Queen of Scots.
- Francis, Duke of Guise (1519–1563)
- Louise of Guise (1520–1542); she married Charles I, Duke of Arschot.
- Renée of Guise (1522–1602), who became an Abbess at St. Pierre, Reims.
- Charles of Guise (1524–1574), who was the Archbishop of Reims and a Cardinal.
- Claude, Duke of Aumale (1526–1573)
- Louis I, Cardinal of Guise (1527–1578)
- Philip of Guise (1529); he died when he was very young.
- Peter of Guise (1530); he also died young.
- Antoinette of Guise (1531–1561), who became an Abbess at Faremoutiers.
- François de Lorraine, Grand Prior (1534–1563)
- René, Marquis of Elbeuf (1536–1566)
Later Life and Death
Claude became ill in 1550. Even with five doctors caring for him, he passed away on April 12, 1550.
Images for kids
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Antoinette de Bourbon
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Queen Mary of Guise
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Duke Francis of Guise
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Cardinal Charles of Lorraine
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Queen Mary of Scots
See also
- Duke of Lorraine
- Dukes of Lorraine family tree
