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Climate of New England facts for kids

Kids Encyclopedia Facts
Köppen Climate Types New England
The different climate types in New England, based on weather from 1991 to 2020.
FranconiaRidgeTrail
The White Mountains in New Hampshire are part of the Appalachian Mountains.
Stamford Harbor Point Marina
Harbor Point Marina in Stamford, Connecticut during summer.

The climate of New England changes a lot across its 500-mile stretch. This area goes from northern Maine down to southern Connecticut.

Understanding New England's Weather

New England has different types of weather. This is because it's a big region. The weather changes as you go from north to south.

Northern New England's Climate

Places like Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire, and parts of interior Massachusetts and Connecticut have a specific climate. It's called a humid continental climate. This means winters are long and very cold. Heavy snow is quite common here. Most areas get between 60 to 120 inches (1.5 to 3 meters) of snow each year. Summers are warm but short. Rain falls pretty evenly throughout the year. Cities like Bangor, Maine, Portland, Maine, Manchester, New Hampshire, Burlington, Vermont, and Pittsfield, Massachusetts usually get about 45 inches (1.1 meters) of rain. They also see 60 to 90 inches (1.5 to 2.3 meters) of snow annually.

Central New England's Climate

In eastern Massachusetts, northern Rhode Island, and northern Connecticut, the climate is a bit different. It's still humid continental, but with hotter summers. Summers are warmer here, and winters are shorter. There's also less snow. Cities like Boston, Hartford, and Providence typically get 35 to 50 inches (0.9 to 1.3 meters) of snow each year. Summers can be hot and humid. High temperatures often reach between 80 and 90 degrees Fahrenheit (27 to 32 degrees Celsius). This happens regularly in June, July, and August. Thunderstorms are also common during these months. Some of these storms can be strong. The time without frost, called the growing season, lasts from 140 to 160 days here.

Southern Coastal New England's Climate

Coastal Rhode Island and southern Connecticut are a mix of climates. They are a transition zone between the colder continental climates to the north and milder ones to the south. Summers here can be long and very hot. Humid air from the tropics is common from May to September. Thunderstorms are frequent in summer.

The coast of Connecticut, from Stamford to New Haven and New London, is usually the mildest area in New England during winter. Winter storms often bring rain or a mix of rain, sleet, and wet snow. This area gets much less snow than northern New England. It only sees about 24 to 30 inches (0.6 to 0.8 meters) of snow annually. Cold spells are also shorter and less intense here. Winters tend to be sunnier and warmer in southern Connecticut and Rhode Island. The frost-free growing season along the Connecticut coast can be almost 200 days long.

Tropical Storms and Hurricanes

Strong storms called tropical cyclones have hit southern New England many times. These storms often affect southern Connecticut, coastal Rhode Island, and Cape Cod. Famous storms like the Great New England Hurricane of 1938 and Hurricane Carol in 1954 impacted the region. Other tropical cyclones that have affected the area include Hurricane Donna, Hurricane Gloria, Hurricane Bob, Hurricane Irene, and Hurricane Sandy.

Weather Facts and Figures

Northern Cities

Climate data for Burlington International Airport, Vermont (1981–2010 normals, extremes 1883–present )
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 66
(19)
72
(22)
84
(29)
91
(33)
93
(34)
100
(38)
100
(38)
101
(38)
98
(37)
85
(29)
75
(24)
68
(20)
101
(38)
Mean maximum °F (°C) 49.8
(9.9)
49.3
(9.6)
63.9
(17.7)
78.3
(25.7)
85.2
(29.6)
90.5
(32.5)
91.8
(33.2)
90.1
(32.3)
85.3
(29.6)
74.3
(23.5)
66.0
(18.9)
52.6
(11.4)
93.7
(34.3)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 27.2
(−2.7)
30.6
(−0.8)
40.0
(4.4)
54.7
(12.6)
67.2
(19.6)
76.3
(24.6)
80.9
(27.2)
79.0
(26.1)
70.4
(21.3)
57.2
(14.0)
45.5
(7.5)
33.2
(0.7)
55.3
(12.9)
Daily mean °F (°C) 18.7
(−7.4)
21.5
(−5.8)
31.0
(−0.6)
44.8
(7.1)
56.3
(13.5)
65.8
(18.8)
70.6
(21.4)
68.8
(20.4)
60.5
(15.8)
48.1
(8.9)
38.2
(3.4)
25.8
(−3.4)
46.0
(7.8)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 10.2
(−12.1)
12.5
(−10.8)
22.0
(−5.6)
34.8
(1.6)
45.4
(7.4)
55.3
(12.9)
60.3
(15.7)
58.5
(14.7)
50.7
(10.4)
39.1
(3.9)
30.9
(−0.6)
18.5
(−7.5)
36.6
(2.6)
Mean minimum °F (°C) −13.8
(−25.4)
−9.4
(−23.0)
−0.5
(−18.1)
21.2
(−6.0)
31.1
(−0.5)
40.8
(4.9)
48.8
(9.3)
45.1
(7.3)
35.5
(1.9)
25.0
(−3.9)
14.0
(−10.0)
−4.3
(−20.2)
−16.2
(−26.8)
Record low °F (°C) −30
(−34)
−30
(−34)
−24
(−31)
2
(−17)
24
(−4)
33
(1)
39
(4)
35
(2)
25
(−4)
15
(−9)
−3
(−19)
−29
(−34)
−30
(−34)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 2.06
(52)
1.76
(45)
2.22
(56)
2.82
(72)
3.45
(88)
3.69
(94)
4.16
(106)
3.91
(99)
3.64
(92)
3.60
(91)
3.13
(80)
2.38
(60)
36.82
(935)
Average snowfall inches (cm) 21.1
(54)
16.4
(42)
15.8
(40)
4.6
(12)
trace 0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
trace 0.3
(0.76)
5.1
(13)
17.9
(45)
81.2
(206)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 14.5 11.2 12.9 12.8 14.2 13.3 12.0 12.3 11.3 12.9 14.0 14.4 155.8
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) 14.5 10.7 9.0 3.1 0.1 0 0 0 0 0.4 4.7 11.9 54.4
Mean monthly sunshine hours 126.9 146.8 190.7 206.2 251.4 270.1 301.9 258.2 201.0 159.2 91.1 91.6 2,295.1
Percent possible sunshine 44 50 52 51 55 58 64 59 53 47 32 33 51
Source: NOAA (sun 1961–1990)
Climate data for Concord Municipal Airport, New Hampshire (1981−2010 normals, extremes 1903–present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 69
(21)
67
(19)
89
(32)
95
(35)
98
(37)
101
(38)
102
(39)
101
(38)
98
(37)
90
(32)
80
(27)
73
(23)
102
(39)
Mean maximum °F (°C) 50.8
(10.4)
53.7
(12.1)
66.6
(19.2)
81.5
(27.5)
88.7
(31.5)
92.0
(33.3)
93.1
(33.9)
91.8
(33.2)
87.7
(30.9)
78.5
(25.8)
68.7
(20.4)
56.0
(13.3)
95.5
(35.3)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 30.8
(−0.7)
34.9
(1.6)
43.8
(6.6)
57.4
(14.1)
68.9
(20.5)
77.4
(25.2)
82.3
(27.9)
80.9
(27.2)
72.6
(22.6)
60.5
(15.8)
48.4
(9.1)
36.3
(2.4)
58.0
(14.4)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 10.4
(−12.0)
13.8
(−10.1)
22.5
(−5.3)
32.7
(0.4)
42.6
(5.9)
52.5
(11.4)
57.7
(14.3)
56.1
(13.4)
47.4
(8.6)
35.8
(2.1)
28.2
(−2.1)
17.2
(−8.2)
34.8
(1.6)
Mean minimum °F (°C) −11.2
(−24.0)
−8.2
(−22.3)
0.8
(−17.3)
19.4
(−7.0)
28.1
(−2.2)
37.9
(3.3)
45.4
(7.4)
42.0
(5.6)
31.8
(−0.1)
21.2
(−6.0)
11.1
(−11.6)
−2.8
(−19.3)
−14.6
(−25.9)
Record low °F (°C) −33
(−36)
−37
(−38)
−16
(−27)
4
(−16)
21
(−6)
30
(−1)
35
(2)
29
(−2)
20
(−7)
10
(−12)
−5
(−21)
−22
(−30)
−37
(−38)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 2.70
(69)
2.62
(67)
3.27
(83)
3.41
(87)
3.66
(93)
3.69
(94)
3.74
(95)
3.18
(81)
3.38
(86)
4.04
(103)
3.72
(94)
3.20
(81)
40.61
(1,033)
Average snowfall inches (cm) 18.1
(46)
12.3
(31)
11.1
(28)
2.8
(7.1)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
trace 2.6
(6.6)
14.5
(37)
61.4
(156)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 10.8 9.5 11.5 11.8 12.4 12.7 10.9 9.8 9.3 10.1 11.2 10.9 130.9
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) 8.2 6.5 5.3 1.2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.9 6.6 29.7
Average relative humidity (%) 67.9 66.0 64.8 62.0 65.0 70.9 71.8 74.5 76.3 72.8 73.3 72.3 69.8
Mean monthly sunshine hours 162.8 171.8 210.5 223.2 258.4 274.3 295.8 261.9 214.7 183.4 127.8 134.8 2,519.4
Percent possible sunshine 56 58 57 56 57 60 64 61 57 54 44 48 56
Source: NOAA (relative humidity and sun 1961–1990)
Climate data for Portland International Jetport, Maine (1981–2010 normals, extremes 1871–present )
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 67
(19)
64
(18)
88
(31)
92
(33)
94
(34)
98
(37)
100
(38)
103
(39)
95
(35)
88
(31)
74
(23)
71
(22)
103
(39)
Mean maximum °F (°C) 50.2
(10.1)
51.4
(10.8)
61.5
(16.4)
74.7
(23.7)
83.8
(28.8)
88.8
(31.6)
91.3
(32.9)
90.1
(32.3)
85.6
(29.8)
74.7
(23.7)
65.3
(18.5)
55.6
(13.1)
93.4
(34.1)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 31.2
(−0.4)
34.6
(1.4)
42.1
(5.6)
53.3
(11.8)
63.5
(17.5)
73.2
(22.9)
78.8
(26.0)
77.7
(25.4)
70.0
(21.1)
58.7
(14.8)
48.0
(8.9)
37.3
(2.9)
55.8
(13.2)
Daily mean °F (°C) 22.3
(−5.4)
25.5
(−3.6)
33.5
(0.8)
44.0
(6.7)
53.9
(12.2)
63.4
(17.4)
69.1
(20.6)
68.0
(20.0)
60.1
(15.6)
48.8
(9.3)
39.4
(4.1)
28.8
(−1.8)
46.5
(8.1)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 13.4
(−10.3)
16.4
(−8.7)
24.9
(−3.9)
34.7
(1.5)
44.2
(6.8)
53.6
(12.0)
59.4
(15.2)
58.2
(14.6)
50.3
(10.2)
38.9
(3.8)
30.9
(−0.6)
20.4
(−6.4)
37.2
(2.9)
Mean minimum °F (°C) −7
(−22)
−3.1
(−19.5)
5.9
(−14.5)
23.9
(−4.5)
32.2
(0.1)
42.6
(5.9)
49.9
(9.9)
46.7
(8.2)
36.5
(2.5)
25.6
(−3.6)
16.1
(−8.8)
2.1
(−16.6)
−9.9
(−23.3)
Record low °F (°C) −26
(−32)
−39
(−39)
−21
(−29)
8
(−13)
23
(−5)
33
(1)
40
(4)
33
(1)
23
(−5)
15
(−9)
3
(−16)
−21
(−29)
−39
(−39)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 3.38
(86)
3.25
(83)
4.24
(108)
4.32
(110)
4.01
(102)
3.79
(96)
3.61
(92)
3.14
(80)
3.69
(94)
4.87
(124)
4.93
(125)
4.02
(102)
47.25
(1,200)
Average snowfall inches (cm) 19.2
(49)
12.1
(31)
12.7
(32)
2.8
(7.1)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
trace 1.9
(4.8)
13.2
(34)
61.9
(157)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 11.1 9.8 11.7 11.2 12.6 11.8 11.0 9.3 9.2 10.5 11.2 11.5 130.9
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) 7.9 6.1 5.1 1.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.5 6.1 27.7
Average relative humidity (%) 66.8 65.2 66.3 66.8 71.1 74.7 75.3 76.3 76.7 73.9 72.6 70.2 71.3
Mean monthly sunshine hours 164.8 172.8 205.2 213.5 243.2 259.1 282.2 267.6 229.1 195.7 138.7 140.9 2,512.8
Percent possible sunshine 57 59 55 53 53 56 60 62 61 57 48 51 56
Source: NOAA (relative humidity and sun 1961–1990),

Southern Cities

Climate data for Boston (Logan Airport), 1981−2010 normals, extremes 1872−present
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 72
(22)
73
(23)
89
(32)
94
(34)
97
(36)
100
(38)
104
(40)
102
(39)
102
(39)
90
(32)
83
(28)
76
(24)
104
(40)
Mean maximum °F (°C) 56.4
(13.6)
57.7
(14.3)
67.6
(19.8)
80.7
(27.1)
87.3
(30.7)
92.1
(33.4)
94.9
(34.9)
93.3
(34.1)
87.9
(31.1)
79.1
(26.2)
70.5
(21.4)
61.3
(16.3)
96.2
(35.7)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 35.8
(2.1)
38.7
(3.7)
45.4
(7.4)
55.6
(13.1)
66.0
(18.9)
75.9
(24.4)
81.4
(27.4)
79.6
(26.4)
72.4
(22.4)
61.4
(16.3)
51.5
(10.8)
41.2
(5.1)
58.8
(14.9)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 22.2
(−5.4)
24.7
(−4.1)
31.1
(−0.5)
40.6
(4.8)
49.9
(9.9)
59.5
(15.3)
65.4
(18.6)
64.6
(18.1)
57.4
(14.1)
46.5
(8.1)
38.0
(3.3)
28.2
(−2.1)
44.1
(6.7)
Mean minimum °F (°C) 4.1
(−15.5)
8.5
(−13.1)
14.7
(−9.6)
30.7
(−0.7)
40.8
(4.9)
49.6
(9.8)
57.3
(14.1)
55.4
(13.0)
45.8
(7.7)
34.9
(1.6)
24.2
(−4.3)
11.1
(−11.6)
2.3
(−16.5)
Record low °F (°C) −13
(−25)
−18
(−28)
−8
(−22)
11
(−12)
31
(−1)
41
(5)
50
(10)
46
(8)
34
(1)
25
(−4)
−2
(−19)
−17
(−27)
−18
(−28)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 3.36
(85)
3.25
(83)
4.32
(110)
3.74
(95)
3.49
(89)
3.68
(93)
3.43
(87)
3.35
(85)
3.44
(87)
3.94
(100)
3.99
(101)
3.78
(96)
43.77
(1,112)
Average snowfall inches (cm) 12.9
(33)
10.9
(28)
7.8
(20)
1.9
(4.8)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
trace 1.3
(3.3)
9.0
(23)
43.8
(111)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 11.3 9.8 11.6 11.2 12.0 10.9 9.6 9.4 8.6 9.4 10.6 11.6 126.0
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) 6.7 5.3 4.2 0.7 0 0 0 0 0 0.1 0.8 4.6 22.4
Average relative humidity (%) 62.3 62.0 63.1 63.0 66.7 68.5 68.4 70.8 71.8 68.5 67.5 65.4 66.5
Mean monthly sunshine hours 163.4 168.4 213.7 227.2 267.3 286.5 300.9 277.3 237.1 206.3 143.2 142.3 2,633.6
Percent possible sunshine 56 57 58 57 59 63 65 64 63 60 49 50 59
Source: NOAA (relative humidity and sun 1961−1990)
Climate data for Bradley International Airport, Connecticut (1981–2010 normals, extremes 1905–present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 72
(22)
73
(23)
89
(32)
96
(36)
99
(37)
100
(38)
103
(39)
102
(39)
101
(38)
91
(33)
83
(28)
76
(24)
103
(39)
Mean maximum °F (°C) 55.6
(13.1)
57.4
(14.1)
70.1
(21.2)
82.9
(28.3)
89.0
(31.7)
92.8
(33.8)
95.1
(35.1)
94.1
(34.5)
88.7
(31.5)
79.4
(26.3)
70.8
(21.6)
59.0
(15.0)
97.2
(36.2)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 34.5
(1.4)
38.5
(3.6)
47.7
(8.7)
60.5
(15.8)
71.2
(21.8)
79.6
(26.4)
84.5
(29.2)
82.7
(28.2)
74.9
(23.8)
63.1
(17.3)
51.6
(10.9)
39.7
(4.3)
60.7
(15.9)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 17.7
(−7.9)
20.9
(−6.2)
27.9
(−2.3)
38.4
(3.6)
47.7
(8.7)
57.3
(14.1)
62.7
(17.1)
61.1
(16.2)
52.7
(11.5)
41.1
(5.1)
33.2
(0.7)
23.4
(−4.8)
40.3
(4.6)
Mean minimum °F (°C) −2
(−19)
1.9
(−16.7)
10.7
(−11.8)
26.2
(−3.2)
33.5
(0.8)
44.2
(6.8)
51.5
(10.8)
48.4
(9.1)
37.8
(3.2)
26.9
(−2.8)
17.5
(−8.1)
6.0
(−14.4)
−4.5
(−20.3)
Record low °F (°C) −26
(−32)
−24
(−31)
−6
(−21)
9
(−13)
28
(−2)
37
(3)
44
(7)
36
(2)
30
(−1)
17
(−8)
1
(−17)
−18
(−28)
−26
(−32)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 3.23
(82)
2.89
(73)
3.62
(92)
3.72
(94)
4.35
(110)
4.35
(110)
4.18
(106)
3.93
(100)
3.88
(99)
4.37
(111)
3.89
(99)
3.44
(87)
45.85
(1,165)
Average snowfall inches (cm) 12.3
(31)
11.0
(28)
6.4
(16)
1.4
(3.6)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
2.0
(5.1)
7.4
(19)
40.5
(103)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 inch) 10.8 9.7 11.5 11.2 12.8 12.2 10.4 10.0 9.8 10.2 10.7 10.7 130.0
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 inch) 5.8 4.7 3.5 0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.9 4.7 20.1
Average relative humidity (%) 63.9 63.0 60.4 58.0 63.0 67.3 68.0 70.6 72.9 69.2 68.3 68.0 66.0
Mean monthly sunshine hours 169.8 176.1 213.9 228.2 258.6 273.4 293.1 269.6 223.6 199.4 139.4 139.5 2,584.6
Percent possible sunshine 58 59 58 57 57 60 64 63 60 58 47 49 58
Source: NOAA (relative humidity and sun 1961–1990)
Climate data for Providence, Rhode Island (T. F. Green Airport), 1981–2010 normals, extremes 1904–present
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 69
(21)
72
(22)
90
(32)
98
(37)
96
(36)
98
(37)
102
(39)
104
(40)
100
(38)
88
(31)
81
(27)
77
(25)
104
(40)
Mean maximum °F (°C) 57.2
(14.0)
58.3
(14.6)
68.4
(20.2)
80.3
(26.8)
86.2
(30.1)
91.3
(32.9)
94.5
(34.7)
92.3
(33.5)
87.0
(30.6)
78.1
(25.6)
70.0
(21.1)
60.8
(16.0)
96.2
(35.7)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 37.4
(3.0)
40.3
(4.6)
47.8
(8.8)
58.6
(14.8)
68.4
(20.2)
77.5
(25.3)
82.8
(28.2)
81.4
(27.4)
74.2
(23.4)
63.3
(17.4)
53.2
(11.8)
42.3
(5.7)
60.6
(15.9)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 21.0
(−6.1)
23.6
(−4.7)
30.0
(−1.1)
39.6
(4.2)
48.6
(9.2)
58.4
(14.7)
64.2
(17.9)
63.2
(17.3)
55.3
(12.9)
43.9
(6.6)
35.7
(2.1)
26.3
(−3.2)
42.5
(5.8)
Mean minimum °F (°C) 2.9
(−16.2)
7.7
(−13.5)
14.7
(−9.6)
28.8
(−1.8)
36.9
(2.7)
47.1
(8.4)
55.0
(12.8)
52.4
(11.3)
42.2
(5.7)
31.2
(−0.4)
21.7
(−5.7)
10.4
(−12.0)
0.9
(−17.3)
Record low °F (°C) −13
(−25)
−17
(−27)
1
(−17)
11
(−12)
29
(−2)
39
(4)
48
(9)
40
(4)
32
(0)
20
(−7)
6
(−14)
−12
(−24)
−17
(−27)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 3.86
(98)
3.29
(84)
5.01
(127)
4.36
(111)
3.55
(90)
3.64
(92)
3.29
(84)
3.60
(91)
3.92
(100)
3.93
(100)
4.51
(115)
4.22
(107)
47.18
(1,198)
Average snowfall inches (cm) 9.0
(23)
8.5
(22)
5.5
(14)
0.6
(1.5)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
1.5
(3.8)
8.7
(22)
33.8
(86)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 10.9 9.7 11.9 11.3 12.0 10.9 9.4 9.0 8.7 9.4 10.1 11.6 124.9
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) 5.7 4.6 3.5 0.4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.6 3.9 18.7
Average relative humidity (%) 63.9 63.0 62.9 61.4 66.6 70.1 71.0 72.5 73.0 70.2 68.9 67.0 67.5
Mean monthly sunshine hours 171.7 172.6 215.6 225.1 254.9 274.1 290.6 262.8 233.0 208.7 148.0 148.6 2,605.7
Percent possible sunshine 58 58 58 56 57 60 63 61 62 61 50 52 58
Source: NOAA (relative humidity and sun 1961–1990), The Weather Channel
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