Emmerson Mnangagwa facts for kids

Quick facts for kids His Excellency Emmerson Mnangagwa
Official portrait, 2017
3rd President of Zimbabwe
Incumbent
Assumed office 24 November 2017
Vice President	First Vice President Constantino Chiwenga Second Vice President Kembo Mohadi
Preceded by	Robert Mugabe
First Secretary of ZANU-PF
Incumbent
Assumed office 19 November 2017
Second Secretaries	Constantino Chiwenga Kembo Mohadi
Preceded by	Robert Mugabe
Chairman of Southern African Development Community
Incumbent
Assumed office 17 August 2024
Preceded by	João Lourenço
First Vice-President of Zimbabwe
In office 12 December 2014 – 6 November 2017
President	Robert Mugabe
Preceded by	Joice Mujuru
Succeeded by	Constantino Chiwenga
Minister of Justice, Legal and Parliamentary Affairs
In office 11 September 2013 – 9 October 2017
President	Robert Mugabe
Deputy	Fortune Chasi
Preceded by	Patrick Chinamasa
Succeeded by	Happyton Bonyongwe
In office 31 December 1989 – 1 July 2000
President	Robert Mugabe
Preceded by	Eddison Zvobgo
Succeeded by	Patrick Chinamasa
Minister of Defence
In office 13 February 2009 – 11 September 2013
President	Robert Mugabe
Preceded by	Sydney Sekeramayi
Succeeded by	Sydney Sekeramayi
Minister of Rural Housing and Social Amenities
In office 9 April 2005 – 13 February 2009
President	Robert Mugabe
Deputy	Joel Biggie Matiza
Succeeded by	Fidelis Mhashu
Speaker of Parliament
In office 18 July 2000 – 9 April 2005
Preceded by	Cyril Ndebele
Succeeded by	John Nkomo
Minister of State for National Security
In office 1980–1988
Prime Minister	Robert Mugabe
Preceded by	Office established
Succeeded by	Sydney Sekeramayi
Member of Parliament
In office 13 May 1980 – 2014
Succeeded by	Auxillia Mnangagwa
Constituency	Midlands (1980–1985) Kwekwe East (1985–1990) Kwekwe (1990–2000) Appointed (2000–2008) Chirumanzu–Zibagwe (2008–2014)
Personal details
Born	Dambudzo Mnangagwa (1942-09-15) 15 September 1942 (age 82) Shabani, Southern Rhodesia (now Zvishavane, Zimbabwe)
Political party	ZANU–PF (since 1987)
Other political affiliations	UNIP (1959–1962) ZAPU (1962–1963) ZANU (1963–1987)
Spouses	Jayne Matarise ​ ​ (m. 1973; died 2002)​ Auxillia Kutyauripo
Relations	Tongai Mnangagwa (nephew)
Children	18 (including David)
Education	University of London (LLB) University of Zambia Egyptian Military Academy
Signature
n.b.

Emmerson Dambudzo Mnangagwa (born 15 September 1942) is a Zimbabwean politician. He has been the President of Zimbabwe since 2017. He is a member of the ZANU–PF political party.

Before becoming president, he was a close friend and helper to former president Robert Mugabe. He held many important jobs in the government. From 2014 to 2017, he was Mugabe's First Vice-President. He became president after a change in leadership in 2017. He won his first full term as president in the 2018 election and was re-elected in August 2023.

Mnangagwa was born in 1942 in a town called Shabani in what was then Southern Rhodesia. His family were farmers. In the 1950s, his family had to move to Northern Rhodesia because his father was involved in politics against colonial rule. There, Emmerson also became active in politics. In 1963, he joined the Zimbabwe African National Liberation Army (ZANLA), which was the fighting part of the Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU).

He returned to Rhodesia in 1964 as a leader of a group called the "Crocodile Gang". This group attacked farms owned by white people. In 1965, he was put in prison for ten years. After his release, he was sent to Zambia. He then studied law at the University of Zambia. Later, he went to Mozambique to rejoin ZANU. He became Robert Mugabe's assistant and bodyguard. He was with Mugabe during the Lancaster House Agreement, which led to Zimbabwe's independence in 1980.

After Zimbabwe became independent, Mnangagwa held many important government jobs under Mugabe. He was the first Minister of State for National Security from 1980 to 1988. He also oversaw the country's intelligence agency. His role during the Gukurahundi massacres, where many Ndebele civilians were killed, is a topic of discussion.

He was Minister of Justice from 1989 to 2000. Then, he became the Speaker of Parliament from 2000 to 2005. He was later given a less important job as Minister of Rural Housing. He gained favor again during the 2008 election when he helped run Mugabe's campaign. From 2009 to 2013, he was the Minister of Defence. He became justice minister again in 2013. In 2014, he was appointed First Vice-President and was seen as a top choice to become president after Mugabe.

Mnangagwa's rise was not supported by Mugabe's wife, Grace Mugabe, and her political group. Mugabe removed Mnangagwa from his jobs in November 2017, and he left for South Africa. Soon after, General Constantino Chiwenga and parts of the military launched a change in leadership. Mugabe then resigned, and Mnangagwa returned to Zimbabwe to become president.

Mnangagwa is often called "Garwe" or "Ngwena", which means "The crocodile" in the Shona language. This nickname came from a guerrilla group he started. It also shows his cleverness in politics. His supporters in ZANU–PF are called Lacoste, like the French clothing company with a crocodile logo. He is also known as "the Godfather" in his home area. Time magazine included Mnangagwa in its list of the 100 Most Influential People in 2018.

Early Life and Education

Growing Up in Southern Rhodesia

Emmerson Dambudzo Mnangagwa was born on 15 September 1942. He was born in Shabani, a mining town in central Southern Rhodesia. His parents, Mafidhi and Mhurai Mnangagwa, were farmers who were active in politics. He came from a large family. His grandfather had six wives and 32 sons. Emmerson was the third of ten children.

As a child, Mnangagwa looked after cattle. He also visited the local chief's court to watch legal cases. His grandfather, Mubengo Kushanduka, had a big impact on him. His grandfather had served the Ndebele king and fought in a war in the 1890s. Mnangagwa loved listening to his stories.

In the late 1940s, Mnangagwa's father, Mafidhi, became the acting chief of his village. In 1952, a white officer took some cattle from the villagers, including from an old woman. In response, Mafidhi's helpers removed a wheel from the officer's car. This led to Mafidhi's arrest. The District Commissioner told him to go to Northern Rhodesia. He moved to the town of Mumbwa to live with a relative.

Moving to Northern Rhodesia and School

Several years later, Mafidhi sent for his family, including Emmerson, to join him. They arrived in Mumbwa by train in 1955. More relatives joined them over the years. In Mumbwa, Mnangagwa met Robert Mugabe for the first time. Mugabe stayed with the Mnangagwa family while working at a teachers' college. Mugabe inspired Mnangagwa to get involved in politics against colonial rule.

Mnangagwa had started primary school in Shabani. He continued his studies at Myooye School in Mumbwa. Most of his classmates had three names, but he only had one, Dambudzo. He found a book by the American writer Ralph Waldo Emerson in the school library. He decided to add "Emmerson" before his given name. After Myooye, he finished his primary education at Mumbwa Boarding School.

From 1958 to 1959, he went to Kafue Trade School. There, he took a building course. In 1959, Mnangagwa left early to attend Hodgson Technical College. This was one of the country's best schools. He was accepted after doing well on an entrance exam. At Hodgson, he studied industrial building. He became involved in student politics against colonial rule. He was elected as an officer for the United National Independence Party (UNIP) at the college.

His activism sometimes involved violence. In 1960, he was found guilty of setting fire to one of the college buildings and was expelled. After this, he started a construction company with three other men. UNIP leaders asked him to organize and expand the party in Bancroft. He did this until the end of 1961. Then, he returned to Lusaka. He worked as secretary of the UNIP Youth League and for a private company.

Fighting for Independence

Joining the Fight and Training

In 1962, Willie Musarurwa asked Mnangagwa to join the Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU). This was a new party that wanted independence for Southern Rhodesia. Mnangagwa became a guerrilla fighter for ZAPU's armed group, the Zimbabwe People's Revolutionary Army (ZIPRA). He was sent to Tanganyika (now Tanzania) for training. He stayed in Mbeya and then at a new camp in Iringa. There, he met important black nationalist leaders.

In April 1963, Mnangagwa and 12 other ZAPU members went to Egypt for training. They trained at the Egyptian Military Academy in Cairo. In August 1963, ten of these trainees, including Mnangagwa, joined the Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU). ZANU had just formed as a group that broke away from ZAPU. The ten stopped training for ZAPU and were held by Egyptian authorities. They contacted ZANU official Robert Mugabe in Tanganyika. Mugabe helped them get released.

After arriving in Tanganyika in late August 1963, some returned to Southern Rhodesia. Five others, including Mnangagwa, went to a training camp in Bagamoyo. This camp was run by FRELIMO, a group fighting for Mozambique's freedom from Portuguese rule.

Mnangagwa soon left Tanganyika to train for ZANU's fighting group, the Zimbabwe African National Liberation Army (ZANLA). He was part of the first group of ZANLA fighters sent overseas for training. He and four others went to Beijing, China. He spent two months studying at Peking University. Then, he spent three months training in combat in Nanjing. He also studied military engineering before returning to Tanzania in May 1964.

The Crocodile Gang and Imprisonment

When he returned to Tanzania, Mnangagwa helped start the Crocodile Gang. This was a ZANLA guerrilla unit. They were supposed to get weapons, but none were available. The group went to the ZANU Congress in Gwelo in May 1964. At the congress, new leaders were chosen. Soon after, three members of the Crocodile Gang were caught for bringing guns into the country. Despite these losses, the Crocodile Gang stayed active.

The Crocodile Gang was tasked with bringing weapons into Rhodesia. They also recruited new members from cities and helped them cross the border into Tanzania for training. The group traveled on foot between Salisbury and Mutoko. ZANLA leaders later told the group to take stronger actions to get attention. They hoped this would make the Organisation of African Unity notice ZANU's efforts. The Crocodile Gang became known for using knives and leaving anti-government papers at crime scenes.

In late 1964, Mnangagwa was arrested. He was sentenced to death, but his lawyers argued that he was under 21, the minimum age for execution. Other stories say a priest helped him, or that he avoided execution because he was Zambian. Whatever the reason, Mnangagwa was sentenced to ten years in prison instead.

Mnangagwa spent his first year in Salisbury Central Prison. Then he was moved to Grey Street Prison in Bulawayo. Finally, he went to Khami Maximum Security Prison in Bulawayo. He stayed there for almost seven years.

On 6 January 1972, Mnangagwa was moved back to Salisbury Central Prison. He was held with other revolutionaries, including Mugabe. There, he became friends with Mugabe and attended his prison classes. He passed his O-Levels and A-Levels. They both studied law through courses by mail. Mnangagwa wanted to study economics, but chose law instead. In 1972, he took his final exams for a law degree from the University of London.

Mnangagwa and his lawyers found a way for him to be sent out of the country if he said he was Zambian. Even after his ten-year sentence ended, he stayed in prison for several months while his papers were processed. In 1975, after more than ten years in prison, he was released and sent to Zambia. His parents were living there. He was taken to the border and given to Zambian police. A ZANLA helper then took him to Lusaka.

Law Studies and ZANU Leadership

In Lusaka, Mnangagwa continued his education at the University of Zambia. He was active in student politics and earned a postgraduate law degree. He then worked for a law firm in Lusaka. He was allowed to practice law in Zambia in 1976. At the same time, Mnangagwa was the secretary for ZANU's Zambia Division.

After working for a law firm, he moved to Mozambique. He visited Maputo at the request of Josiah Tongogara. Because of his friendship with Mugabe from prison, he became a security chief for ZANU. He met Mugabe again and became his assistant and bodyguard. At the 1977 ZANU Congress, he was chosen as special assistant to President Mugabe. He also became a member of ZANU's National Executive. In these roles, Mnangagwa led both the civilian and military parts of ZANU.

In 1979, Mnangagwa went with Mugabe to talks in London. These talks led to the Lancaster House Agreement. This agreement ended Rhodesia's unrecognized independence and brought majority rule. In January 1980, Mnangagwa led the first group of civilian leaders from Maputo into what would soon be the Republic of Zimbabwe.

Political Career After Independence

Minister of State for National Security

On 12 March 1980, before Zimbabwe's independence, Robert Mugabe named his first government. Mnangagwa was named Minister of State for National Security. This job included overseeing the national intelligence agency. In this role, Mnangagwa built strong relationships with Zimbabwe's security forces.

After the head of the Zimbabwe Defence Forces was removed, Mnangagwa also became Chairman of the Joint Operations Command. He helped combine the different fighting groups into the new national army. During this time, he was also ZANU's secretary for national security.

In the 1985 election, Mnangagwa ran for Parliament. He won with 86% of the votes.

Gukurahundi Massacres

The Gukurahundi took place in Zimbabwe's western Matabeleland region (pictured in red)

While Mnangagwa was Minister of State for National Security, the 5th Brigade of the Zimbabwe National Army killed many Ndebele civilians. This happened in the Matabeleland region of western Zimbabwe. These killings, known as the Gukurahundi, took place from 1983 to 1987. Between 20,000 and 30,000 people died. Mnangagwa denies being involved in these events.

However, many people, including other governments and human rights groups, accuse Mnangagwa of playing a big role in the Gukurahundi.

Minister of Justice and Speaker of Parliament

In 1988, President Mugabe made Mnangagwa Minister of Justice, Legal and Parliamentary Affairs. Mnangagwa had hoped for a different job, but he accepted this new role. He was re-elected to Parliament in 1990 and 1995. These elections had reports of people being scared into voting for ZANU–PF.

While serving as justice minister, Mnangagwa also briefly acted as Finance Minister and Foreign Affairs Minister. In 1998, Mnangagwa was in charge of Zimbabwe's involvement in the Second Congo War. During this war, Mnangagwa gained wealth from minerals taken from the Congo.

In the 2000 election, Mnangagwa lost his Parliament seat. However, the next day, he was elected Speaker of the House of Assembly. This was the first time the speaker was chosen by a competitive vote. Mugabe likely wanted him to be speaker instead of being in the cabinet.

As speaker, Mnangagwa stopped an attempt by opposition members to remove Mugabe from office. He also faced questions about his mining interests in the Congo. A 2001 United Nations report called him "the architect of the commercial activities of ZANU–PF". Another report in 2002 said he was involved in using Harare as a center for illegal diamond trading. Because of this, he was put under United States sanctions in 2003.

In December 2004, there were problems within ZANU–PF. Mnangagwa was accused of plotting against Mugabe. This happened because a meeting was held to discuss replacing Mugabe's choice for vice-president, Joice Mujuru, with Mnangagwa. They hoped Mnangagwa would become president when Mugabe stepped down.

At the ZANU–PF party meeting in December 2004, Mujuru was named vice-president. Mnangagwa lost his important job as secretary for administration. He was given a less powerful job as secretary for legal affairs.

Minister of Rural Housing and Return to Favor

In the March 2005 election, Mnangagwa lost his Parliament seat again. Mugabe then appointed him to one of the unelected seats in Parliament. He was named Minister of Rural Housing and Social Amenities. This was seen as a step down by Mugabe.

In 2005, Mnangagwa helped with "Operation Murambatsvina". This plan destroyed homes in city slums, making many poor people homeless. By 2007, Mnangagwa was reportedly back in Mugabe's good graces.

In May 2007, the government said it stopped a plan to remove Mugabe from power. The alleged leaders were arrested. The government said the soldiers wanted Mnangagwa to form a new government. Mnangagwa said he knew nothing about the plan and called it "stupid". Some people thought rivals might have made up the story to hurt Mnangagwa's reputation.

Minister of Defence and Justice

In the March 2008 election, Mnangagwa won a Parliament seat by a large number of votes. After the opposition party won most seats in Parliament, Mnangagwa helped create a power-sharing agreement. When the new government was formed in February 2009, Mnangagwa became Minister of Defence.

Human rights groups accused Mnangagwa of using his power to organize violent groups before the 2013 election. Mnangagwa denied these claims. He said he wanted the elections to be "free and fair". In the 2013 election, Mugabe was re-elected president.

On 10 September 2013, Mugabe announced a new government. Mnangagwa was appointed Minister of Justice, Legal and Parliamentary Affairs again. This was a job he held before.

Vice Presidency (2014–2017)

Mnangagwa as First Vice President speaking in 2015

On 10 December 2014, President Mugabe appointed Mnangagwa as First Vice-President of Zimbabwe. This seemed to confirm he would be Mugabe's successor. This happened after Mnangagwa's rival, Joice Mujuru, was removed from her position. Mnangagwa was sworn in on 12 December 2014. He also kept his job as Minister of Justice. Soon after, Mugabe started giving some presidential duties to Mnangagwa. In January 2016, Mnangagwa became acting president while Mugabe was on vacation.

As vice-president, Mnangagwa worked to improve Zimbabwe's farming and trade with other countries. He helped make trade deals with countries like Russia, China, and South Africa. In 2015, he visited Europe to try and restart trade relationships. In July 2016, Mnangagwa visited China. He met with business and government leaders. In an interview, he said Zimbabwe needed to develop more, which reportedly made Mugabe angry. In 2016, Mnangagwa announced "Command Agriculture", a farming program.

Power Struggles and Removal

For a long time, Joice Mujuru was seen as Mnangagwa's main rival to become president. But after she was removed, Grace Mugabe became a new rival. By late 2015, Mnangagwa's political goals openly clashed with those of Grace Mugabe. She was seen as a possible successor to her husband.

ZANU–PF was divided into two main groups: "Generation 40" (G40), led by Grace Mugabe, and the "Lacoste" group, thought to be led by Mnangagwa. Mnangagwa had support from war veterans and the military. Grace Mugabe had support from younger party members. As the G40 group targeted Mnangagwa, the Lacoste group fought back. Mnangagwa used his role in the Anti-Corruption Commission to investigate G40 leaders.

By 2016, Grace Mugabe was openly criticizing Mnangagwa at political events. She questioned his desire to be president. She also accused him or his friends of trying to bomb her farm. In November 2016, Grace Mugabe said she was "already president". Still, President Mugabe did not publicly take sides. In February 2017, Mugabe said he would not retire or choose a successor. In July 2017, Grace Mugabe publicly asked her husband to name an heir.

On 11 August 2017, Mnangagwa reportedly became sick at a ZANU–PF meeting. He was flown to South Africa for surgery. Doctors found traces of a metal in his liver. Rumors spread that Grace Mugabe had poisoned him. Mnangagwa denied these rumors and pledged loyalty to Mugabe.

On 9 October 2017, President Mugabe announced a new government. Mnangagwa lost his job as minister of justice. On 6 November 2017, Mugabe removed Mnangagwa as vice-president. This move seemed to clear the way for Grace Mugabe to become president. A government spokesperson said Mnangagwa was removed for being disloyal. His removal was a blow to his supporters, including the military and war veterans.

2017 Change in Leadership

On 8 November 2017, two days after being removed as vice-president, Mnangagwa left Zimbabwe. He went to Mozambique and then South Africa. He said he was escaping "constant threats" against him and his family. About a week later, on 14 November 2017, parts of the Zimbabwean military took control of the state broadcaster and key areas in Harare. The next day, Major General Sibusiso Moyo said the military was not taking over. He said President Mugabe was safe and that the military was "targeting criminals".

On 19 November 2017, ZANU–PF removed Mugabe from his position. Grace Mugabe and many of her supporters were expelled from the party. Mnangagwa, who was in South Africa, was chosen as the party's new leader. He was expected to become president soon. Mugabe was given a deadline to resign, and he did so the next day. ZANU–PF immediately named Mnangagwa as his successor. Mnangagwa returned to Zimbabwe on 22 November. He was sworn in on 24 November 2017. Before his inauguration, Mnangagwa asked his followers not to seek revenge against his political rivals.

Presidency (2017–Present)

Becoming President

Mnangagwa became Zimbabwe's president on 24 November 2017. The ceremony took place at the National Sports Stadium in Harare. About 60,000 people attended. Many African leaders and foreign guests were there, including opposition leaders. Robert Mugabe and his wife Grace were not present.

Chief Justice Luke Malaba swore in Mnangagwa. In his speech, Mnangagwa promised to serve all citizens. He also vowed to reduce corruption and improve the country's economy. He said he would "reengage with the world", moving away from some of Mugabe's policies. He also praised Mugabe as "a father, mentor, comrade in arms, and my leader". He said that land reform programs would continue, but white farmers would be paid for their seized land.

Mnangagwa asked for an end to sanctions against Zimbabwean officials. He also said that the 2018 election would happen as planned.

International Relations

Mnangagwa with Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev in January 2019

On 18 January 2018, Mnangagwa showed he wanted to reconnect with Western countries. He invited the United Nations, European Union, and the Commonwealth to watch the 2018 elections. He also wants to improve relations with the United Kingdom and rejoin the Commonwealth.

On 3 March 2021, US President Joe Biden criticized Mnangagwa. He mentioned violent actions against citizens and a lack of democratic changes. The US extended sanctions on Zimbabwe. Mnangagwa had said the US had "no moral right to levy sanctions".

In July 2023, Mnangagwa went to the 2023 Russia–Africa Summit and met with Russian President Vladimir Putin. Mnangagwa supported Russia's actions in Ukraine.

Mnangagwa is known for being the first person to be on death row and later become president. He then banned the death penalty.

Cabinet and Challenges

On 27 November 2017, Mnangagwa dissolved the government cabinet. He appointed only two temporary ministers. His new cabinet was named on 30 November 2017.

In June 2018, while leaving a rally in Bulawayo, a grenade exploded near Mnangagwa. He was not hurt, but several ZANU–PF members were injured. This included his two vice-presidents.

In January 2019, Mnangagwa announced that fuel prices would increase by 130%. This was to stop fuel smuggling. Zimbabwe was facing a financial and energy crisis. The local currency was worth less than its official value. This led to artificially low prices, and people were smuggling fuel out of the country for profit. The price increase made fuel in Zimbabwe among the most expensive in the world. Nationwide protests broke out. The police and military responded, leading to arrests and some deaths. Mnangagwa said that claims of wrongdoing by security forces would be investigated.

Re-election and Future

Mnangagwa was re-elected on 23 August 2023 for his second term. The election results were disputed. His party, ZANU-PF, has been the only party to control the presidency since independence. This caused suspicion and claims of fraud from the opposition party.

On 2 September 2024, Mnangagwa announced that he will not seek a third term in 2028. He plans to finish his current term.

Political Views

Economic Empowerment

Since the early 1990s, Mnangagwa has played a key role in a plan called "Indigenisation and Black Economic Empowerment". This plan aims to give more economic power to black Zimbabweans. He believes that Zimbabwe's natural resources should be protected by the country's military.

Views on Indians

Before the Zimbabwean election, Mnangagwa accused Zimbabwean Indians of hoarding basic goods. He threatened to take their property.

Personal Life

Mnangagwa has been married twice. He has nine children and more than a dozen grandchildren. His first wife, Jayne Matarise, was a cousin of a ZANLA commander. They married in September 1973 and had six children. His first two daughters were born in Zambia. After independence, Jayne managed the family farm and her own business. Jayne Mnangagwa died on 31 January 2002 from cancer.

While married to Jayne, Mnangagwa started a relationship with Auxillia Kutyauripo. Their first son was born in 1984, followed by twin sons. They reportedly married after Jayne's death in 2002. Auxillia Mnangagwa was a former intelligence officer. She was elected to Parliament in 2015 for the seat her husband left. She did not run for re-election in 2018, wanting to focus on her role as First Lady. In 2021, she received a national award.

His oldest child, Farai Mlotshwa, owns a real estate agency. His youngest daughter, Tariro, is part of a female anti-poaching unit. She was in an anti-poaching film. His youngest son with Jayne, Emmerson Tanaka, is a musician and DJ known as St Emmo. His oldest son with Auxillia, Emmerson Jr., works in business and is active in youth politics. His twin sons, Sean and Collins, are an engineer and a businessman.

His son David Kudakwashe Mnangagwa is a youth member of Parliament and a deputy minister of finance. His nephew Tongai Mnangagwa is also a minister.

Besides his original farm, Mnangagwa also owns the Pricabe farm. He received this farm in 2002 as part of the land reform program.

Honours

Honorary degrees

Location	Date	School	Degree	Gave Commencement Address
Zimbabwe	10 October 2018	University of Zimbabwe	Doctor of Laws (LL.D)	Yes
Zambia	29 June 2019	University of Zambia	Doctor of Laws (LL.D)	Yes
Zimbabwe	9 August 2019	Zimbabwe National Defence University	Doctor of Philosophy (Defence and Security Studies) (Ph.D.)	Yes
Zimbabwe	4 October 2019	Chinhoyi University of Technology	Doctor of Engineering (D.Eng)	Yes
Zimbabwe	8 November 2019	National University of Science and Technology	Doctor of Science (D.Sc.)	Yes

Freedom of the City

• 9 December 2020: Victoria Falls.

Electoral History

Offices Held

See also

In Spanish: Emmerson Mnangagwa para niños