Jay, Florida facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Jay, Florida
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| Town of Jay | |
Location in Santa Rosa County and the state of Florida
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| Country |  United States |
| State |  Florida |
| County | Santa Rosa |
| Settled (Old Cobb Field) |
c. 1822-1890s |
| Settled (Pine Level) | c. 1890s-1902 |
| Unicorporated (Jay) |
1902-1951 |
| Incorporated (Town of Jay) |
1951 |
| Government | |
| • Type | Mayor-Council |
| Area | |
| • Total | 1.66 sq mi (4.30 km2) |
| • Land | 1.66 sq mi (4.30 km2) |
| • Water | 0.00 sq mi (0.00 km2) |
| Elevation | 256 ft (78 m) |
| Population
(2020)
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| • Total | 524 |
| • Density | 315.66/sq mi (121.87/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (Central (CST)) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| ZIP code |
32565
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| Area code(s) | 850 |
| FIPS code | 12-35425 |
| GNIS feature ID | 0284731 |
Jay is a town in Santa Rosa County, Florida, United States. Located in the Florida Panhandle in North Florida, it is part of the Pensacola–Ferry Pass–Brent, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 524 at the 2020 census, down from 533 at the 2010 census.
Contents
History
19th century
In 1821, Spain formally yielded possession of Spanish Florida to the United States and it became the Florida Territory in 1822. Santa Rosa County was created in 1842, three years before Florida became a state in 1845. The Town of Jay was known in the early 1800s as "Cobb Old Field", but was later known as "Pine Level". It is located about 38 miles north of Pensacola and 27 miles north of Milton, Florida, and about 3 miles from the Escambia County, Alabama, state line.
The Jernigan family were among some of the earliest pioneers in the "Pine Level" area of Santa Rosa County. Among them were such settlers as Van Jernigan, who arrived when Florida was still a territory. His homestead near the headbank at the southern bend of Cobb Creek was located on the eastern side of Milton-Pollard Road. As with many residents of the area, Jernigan's occupation was in the timber and logging industry. He also owned one of the area's largest range cattle herds, descendants of which continued to roam on the open range even many years after his death. Jerningan's estate sold them sometime in the 1890s.
Eldridge Jernigan was another member of the Jernigan family who was an early settler in the area. He later moved to the nearby community of Mount Carmel.
20th century
In 1902, a committee was formed to select a name for the thriving farming community. James "Jay" Thomas Nowling submitted the name "Pine Level" but it was declined due to another Florida post office already using that same name. Nowling was asked to submit a second name and was turned down again due to the name being too long. He was asked to submit yet another name but the United States Postal Service decided to name the new post office after his nickname ("Jay") before he was able to submit another name, and then Nowling became the first postmaster for the community that now had his namesake.
In 1922, at least 175 African-American residents of Jay left in a mass exodus after a fight between a black and a white farmer, leaving a legacy of Jay being known as a sundown town. In a 1974 Tampa Bay Times article, the then-mayor of Jay, J.D. Bray said: "The sun doesn't set on a colored man in Jay, ... Come 4 o'clock, they're gone. They were run out of here back in the days of the turpentine still. And they know better than to come in here.". According to the US Census in 2010 and in 2020, the town still had only four African-American residents, but that was up from just two Black citizens on the 2000 US Census.
The Town of Jay was officially incorporated as a municipality in 1951.
Geography
The approximate coordinates for the Town of Jay is located in northwest Santa Rosa County at 30°57′4″N 87°9′7″W / 30.95111°N 87.15194°W.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 1.6 square miles (4.1 km2), all land. The town lies on high ground on the east bank of the Escambia River.
There are two river access points/boat ramps, both outside the city limits.
Climate
The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild winters. According to the Köppen climate classification, the Town of Jay has a humid subtropical climate zone (Cfa).
| Climate data for Jay, Florida | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 17 (62) |
18 (65) |
22 (72) |
26 (78) |
30 (86) |
32 (90) |
33 (91) |
33 (91) |
31 (88) |
27 (80) |
22 (71) |
18 (64) |
26 (78) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 4 (39) |
6 (42) |
9 (48) |
12 (54) |
17 (62) |
20 (68) |
21 (70) |
21 (70) |
19 (66) |
13 (55) |
8 (46) |
5 (41) |
13 (55) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 130 (5.3) |
76 (3) |
160 (6.2) |
120 (4.8) |
110 (4.2) |
190 (7.3) |
200 (7.8) |
170 (6.5) |
150 (6) |
97 (3.8) |
120 (4.6) |
120 (4.9) |
1,690 (66.5) |
| Average precipitation days | 11 | 9 | 10 | 7 | 8 | 11 | 15 | 13 | 10 | 6 | 8 | 9 | 117 |
| Source: Weatherbase | |||||||||||||
Demographics
| Historical population | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Census | Pop. | %± | |
| 1950 | 547 | — | |
| 1960 | 672 | 22.9% | |
| 1970 | 646 | −3.9% | |
| 1980 | 633 | −2.0% | |
| 1990 | 666 | 5.2% | |
| 2000 | 579 | −13.1% | |
| 2010 | 533 | −7.9% | |
| 2020 | 524 | −1.7% | |
| U.S. Decennial Census | |||
2010 and 2020 census
| Race | Pop 2010 | Pop 2020 | % 2010 | % 2020 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| White (NH) | 504 | 454 | 94.56% | 86.64% |
| Black or African American (NH) | 4 | 4 | 0.75% | 0.76% |
| Native American or Alaska Native (NH) | 5 | 12 | 0.94% | 2.29% |
| Asian (NH) | 5 | 10 | 0.94% | 1.91% |
| Pacific Islander or Native Hawaiian (NH) | 0 | 2 | 0.00% | 0.38% |
| Some other race (NH) | 0 | 1 | 0.00% | 0.19% |
| Two or more races/Multiracial (NH) | 4 | 34 | 0.75% | 6.49% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 11 | 7 | 2.06% | 1.34% |
| Total | 533 | 524 | 100.00% | 100.00% |
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 524 people, 217 households, and 142 families residing in the town.
As of the 2010 United States census, there were 533 people, 289 households, and 203 families residing in the town.
Industry
Jay is a farming community, with cotton, soybeans, peanuts and hay being major crops. A small group of farmers began a livestock market there in 1940, with sales reaching $1 million within 10 years, but the market closed near the turn of the century.
Oil was discovered in Jay in 1970. The Jay oilfield has approximately 67 oil wells - eleven within the town limits. Royalties from the oil have exceeded $400 million that funded a new city hall, fire department and recreation complex. Jay is also the site of the Jay oil field, which has produced over 330 million barrels since its discovery in 1970, but is now toward the end of its producing life. A small refinery is located off State Road 4. The refinery has had several owners since the 1970s—ExxonMobil sold the refinery to Quantum Resources Management LLC Quantum Energy Partners : Quantum Resources, LP March 2004. In January 2009, Quantum announced that they were ceasing production at the facility due to poor economics, and has terminated roughly half of the plant employees. Quantum resumed production shortly thereafter when oil prices increased.
Recreation
Jay is home to the Jay Peanut Festival, held each Autumn, and also hosts several local rodeo events. The nearby Escambia River provides fishing opportunities, and both the Escambia River WMA and the Blackwater State Forest provide public, licensed hunting.
Services
Jay has a combined elementary and middle school (grades K–6), and a combined middle-high school (grades 7–12). There are several banks and credit unions. There is one grocery store and one traffic light. The nearest Walmart stores are in Brewton, Alabama or Pace, Florida. There are several private airstrips, and the nearest commercial-service passenger airport is the Pensacola International Airport (approximately 40 miles SSW).
Jay Hospital is a 55-bed general hospital located in northern Santa Rosa County serving the residents of Jay and the surrounding areas of Century, Flomaton, and other communities in the northwest Florida-south Alabama region.
The Santa Rosa County Library System operates a branch in Jay.
Infrastructure
Jay is served by two main state highways: State Road 4, running east and west, and State Road 89, running north and south. The town and surrounding communities are about one hundred sixty-five feet above sea level.
There is no railroad or bus service available in Jay, Florida.
Notable people
- Brian Girard James, professional wrestler also known as "The Road Dogg" Jesse James
- Jackie Moore, Major League Baseball Manager, coach and player. Managed the Oakland Athletics 1984–1986
- Thomas Brent "Boo" Weekley, golfer
- John Robert "Bob" Zellner, American civil rights activist, subject of the 2020 biographical drama Son of the South.
See also
In Spanish: Jay (Florida) para niños
