1690s facts for kids

The 1690s were a time of big changes and important events around the world. This decade saw new designs in cities, significant trials, and the discovery of new trade routes. Many powerful leaders ruled during this period, shaping the future of their countries.

Key Events and Discoveries

The 1690s were marked by several notable happenings. In England, a clever designer named Thomas Neale created the unique layout for an area in London called Seven Dials. This design featured seven streets meeting at a central pillar, which was quite innovative for its time.

Across the Atlantic Ocean, in the Massachusetts Bay Colony (which is now part of the USA), a very serious event known as the Salem Witch Trials took place in 1692. During this time, many people were wrongly accused of witchcraft. It was a sad period in history where fear and misunderstanding led to unfair trials.

Also in 1692, a Dutch explorer named Arnout Vielle made an important discovery. He found the first trade route that went down the Ohio Valley. This route was very helpful for the New York Colony because it made trade much easier and more profitable.

Important World Leaders

Many powerful kings and emperors led their countries during the 1690s. These leaders made decisions that affected millions of people and shaped the course of history.

European Monarchs

• In Denmark, King Christian V of Denmark ruled from 1670 to 1699. He was followed by King Frederick IV of Denmark, who began his reign in 1699 and ruled until 1730.
• England and Scotland were ruled by Queen Mary II from 1689 to 1694, and King William III from 1689 to 1702. They ruled together for part of this period.
• France was led by the famous King Louis XIV of France, often called the "Sun King," who had a very long reign from 1643 to 1715.
• The Holy Roman Empire was under the rule of Emperor Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor from 1658 to 1705.
• In Russia, two Tsars ruled during this decade: Ivan V of Russia from 1682 to 1696, and Peter I (also known as Peter the Great) from 1682 to 1725. Peter the Great is famous for modernizing Russia.
• Spain was led by King Charles II of Spain from 1665 to 1700.
• Sweden had two kings during this time: King Charles XI of Sweden from 1660 to 1697, and King Charles XII of Sweden from 1697 to 1718.