John Campbell, 9th Duke of Argyll facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
The Duke of Argyll
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| 4th Governor General of Canada | |
| In office 25 November 1878 – 23 October 1883 |
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| Monarch | Victoria |
| Prime Minister | Canadian: Sir John A. Macdonald British: The Earl of Beaconsfield William Ewart Gladstone |
| Preceded by | The Earl of Dufferin |
| Succeeded by | The Marquess of Lansdowne |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 6 August 1845 London, United Kingdom |
| Died | 2 May 1914 (aged 68) Cowes, United Kingdom |
| Resting place | Kilmun Parish Church |
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John George Edward Henry Douglas Sutherland Campbell (born August 6, 1845 – died May 2, 1914) was a British nobleman. He was often known as the Marquess of Lorne from 1847 to 1900. He served as the Governor General of Canada from 1878 to 1883. He was married to Princess Louise, who was the fourth daughter of Queen Victoria. He was also the first president of the "Rangers Football Club" because of his family's connections to the club's founders.
Contents
Early Life and Education
John Campbell was born in London. He was the oldest son of George, Marquess of Lorne, and Lady Elizabeth Sutherland-Leveson-Gower. His mother was the daughter of the 2nd Duke of Sutherland. From birth, he was called Earl of Campbell.
In 1847, when he was almost two years old, his father became the 8th Duke of Argyll. John then took the special title of Marquess of Lorne. He used this title until he was 54 years old. He went to school at Edinburgh Academy, Eton College, St Andrews, and Trinity College, Cambridge. He also studied at the National Art Training School.
Before Canada: Travel and Politics
Before he came to Canada, Lorne traveled a lot. For ten years, he explored North and Central America. He wrote books about his travels and also wrote poetry.
In the United Kingdom, he became a Member of Parliament (MP) in 1868. He represented the area of Argyllshire for the Liberal party. He was part of the House of Commons.
Lord Lorne married Queen Victoria's fourth daughter, Princess Louise, on March 21, 1871. This was a special event. It was the first time since 1515 that a queen's daughter married someone who was not a royal. Both Lord Lorne and Princess Louise loved art. Their marriage did not have any children.
Governor General of Canada
When it was announced that Lord Lorne would be the new Governor General, Canadians were very excited. This was because his wife, Princess Louise, was a royal. It meant that Rideau Hall, the Governor General's home, would have a royal living there. The Canadian Prime Minister even changed his busy schedule to get ready for their arrival. He also arranged for a special carriage and guards to protect the Princess. People were very happy about the new Governor General.
At first, some Canadian newspapers were not sure about having royalty in Canada. They worried that the royal court would be too strict. However, these worries were not true. Lord Lorne and Princess Louise were more relaxed than the people who held the job before them. They hosted many fun events. These included ice skating and tobogganing parties, as well as balls and dinners.
Contributions to Canada
Lord Lorne was 33 years old when he became Canada's youngest Governor General. He was also the first Governor General to be born during Queen Victoria's reign. He and Princess Louise made many important contributions to Canada. They especially helped with arts and sciences.
They encouraged the creation of important groups like the Royal Society of Canada and the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts. They also helped start the National Gallery of Canada. They even chose some of its first paintings. Campbell also helped with the completion of the Canadian Pacific Railway. This was a very big project that connected Canada from east to west. He also supported other projects, like building a hospital in British Columbia.
During his time in office, Lord Lorne was very interested in Canada and its people. He traveled all over the country. He encouraged the creation of many new organizations and institutions. He met with First Nations people and other Canadians from all walks of life. At Rideau Hall, he and Princess Louise hosted many social events. These included ice skating and tobogganing parties, as well as formal dinners and balls. He even collected some First Nations artifacts, which were later bought by the British Museum in 1887.
Life After Canada
Princess Louise went back to England in 1881. Lord Lorne followed her two years later in 1883. That same year, his book called Memories of Canada and Scotland was published.
From 1892 to 1914, Lord Lorne was the Governor and Constable of Windsor Castle. He also served as an MP for Manchester South from 1895. On April 24, 1900, his father passed away. Lord Lorne then became the 9th Duke of Argyll. He and Princess Louise lived at Kensington Palace until he died from pneumonia in 1914. He is buried at Kilmun Parish Church.
Honours and Recognition
John Campbell received many honours during his life. These included:
- KG: Knight of the Most Noble Order of the Garter, 1911
- KT: Knight of the Most Ancient and Most Noble Order of the Thistle, 1871
- GCMG: Knight Grand Cross of the Most Distinguished Order of St Michael and St George, 1878
- GCVO: Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order, 1901
- Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Norwegian Order of Saint Olav, 1906
He was also made a member of Her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council in 1875. He received an honorary LL.D degree from the University of Cambridge in 1902.
Places Named After Him
Many places in Canada and other countries are named after Lord Lorne or his family title, the Duke of Argyll. Some examples include:
- Lorne Building, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Port Lorne, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Lorne, Nova Scotia
- Municipality of Lorne, Manitoba, Canada
- West Elgin, Ontario, Canada
- Lorne, Victoria, Australia
- Lorne Street, Oswestry, Shropshire, UK
- Lorne Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Lorne Avenue, Trenton, Ontario, Canada
- Lorne Street, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Lorne Street, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
- Marquis of Lorne Trail, part of Highway 22X, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Lorne Park and Lorne Park Estates, in Mississauga, Ontario
- Rural Municipality of Argyle, Manitoba, Canada
- Lorne, New Brunswick
Organizations Named After Him
- The Lorne Scots (Peel, Dufferin and Halton Regiment), an infantry regiment in the Canadian Army.
