Granite facts for kids

Most buildings in Aberdeen are made of granite

Various granites (cut and polished surfaces) The different colours are caused by different proportions of the minerals

Granite is a kind of igneous rock, found on Earth but nowhere else in the Solar System. It is formed from hot, molten magma. Its colour ranges from pink to grey, according to the proportions of its minerals.

The magma is forced between other layers of rock by the pressure under the Earth's surface. The magma cools and turns slowly into solid stone. Granite has many different types of minerals in it. These include quartz, feldspar, hornblende, and sometimes mica. As the magma cools, these minerals form crystals. The crystals can be seen easily if the granite is cut and polished.

Granite is a common stone on Earth, and makes up a big part of the crust (the Earth's outer layer). It is usually found in the continental plates of the Earth's crust. Although it forms under the surface of the Earth, there are many places where it has been forced upwards by tectonic movement. When plates in the Earth's crust move together, they get bent and pushed upwards. When this happens, granite mountains can be formed.

Uses

Granite is dense, and can be cut, carved and shaped. It is resistant to water and pollution, and has a range of different colours.

Kitchen benches are often made of polished granite. Granite is found in many countries of the world. Some countries have beautifully patterned granite which is quarried (cut in open mines) and sold for building material.

Gallery

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  Close-up of granite exposed in Chennai, India

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  A granite peak at Huangshan, China

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  Grus sand and granitoid it derived from

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  Cleopatra's Needle, London

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  Polished red granite tombstone

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  Granite was used for setts on the St. Louis riverfront and for the piers of the Eads Bridge (background)

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  The granite peaks of the Torres del Paine in the Chilean Patagonia

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  Half Dome, Yosemite, a classic granite dome and popular rock climbing destination

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  Rixö red granite quarry in Lysekil, Sweden

Images for kids

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  Thin section of granite

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  QAPF diagram with granite field highlighted in yellow

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  Pink granite at Hiltaba, South Australia (part of the Hiltaba Suite)

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  Granite with quartz veins at Gros la Tête cliff, Aride Island, Seychelles

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  Granite dimension stone quarry in Taivassalo, Finland

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  The granite castle of Aulanko in Hämeenlinna, Finland

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  Curling stones

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  The granite peaks of the Cordillera Paine in the Chilean Patagonia

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  Granite in Auyuittuq National Park on Baffin Island, Canada

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  Granite in Paarl, South Africa

See also

In Spanish: Granito para niños