kids encyclopedia robot

Western Roman Empire facts for kids

Kids Encyclopedia Facts
Quick facts for kids
Roman Empire

Imperium Romanum
395–476/480
Tremissis depicting Julius Nepos (r. 474 – 480),the de jure last emperor of the Western Court of Western Roman Empire
Tremissis depicting Julius Nepos (r. 474 – 480),
the de jure last emperor of the Western Court
The territory controlled by the Western Roman Imperial court following the nominal division of the Roman Empire after the death of Emperor Theodosius I in AD 395.
The territory controlled by the Western Roman Imperial court following the nominal division of the Roman Empire after the death of Emperor Theodosius I in AD 395.
Status Western division of the Roman Empire
Capital Mediolanum
(395–402)
Ravenna
(402–455, 473–476)
Rome
(455–473)
Spalatum
(475–480)
Capital-in-exile Spalatum
(475–480)
Common languages Latin (official)
Regional / local languages
Religion
Polytheistic Roman Religion until 4th century
Nicene Christianity (state church) after 380
Government Autocracy
Notable emperors  
• 395–423
Honorius
• 457–461
Majorian
• 474–480
Julius Nepos
Legislature Roman Senate
Historical era Late antiquity
• Death of Emperor Theodosius I
17 January 395
• Deposition of Emperor Romulus Augustulus
4 September 476
• Murder of Emperor Julius Nepos
25 April 480
Area
395 2,000,000 km2 (770,000 sq mi)
Currency Roman currency
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Dio coin3.jpg Roman Empire
Eastern Roman Empire
Kingdom of Italy
Kingdom of the Visigoths
Kingdom of the Vandals
Kingdom of the Franks
Kingdom of the Suebi
Kingdom of the Burgundians
Kingdom of the Romans
Kingdom of the Moors and Romans
Alamannia
Armorica
Sub-Roman Britain

The Western Roman Empire was the western half of the Roman Empire, from its division by Diocletian in 286 AD. The other half of the Roman Empire became known as the Eastern Roman Empire, later known as the Byzantine Empire.

The whole Roman Empire had been in difficulties since 190 AD when large Gothic tribes began moving into areas under Roman control. The leadership of Rome was weak and there was instability. Various power groups in the Roman armies kept trying to install their own Emperors, and murdering Emperors who belonged to other groups. This meant the invasions by the Germanic tribes were not successfully stopped.

The Emperor Diocletian tried to bring stability back into government by dividing the Empire into sections. These became the Western Empire which included Iberia, France, Southern Britain, Italy, North Africa and parts of Germany, and the Eastern Empire which included the Balkans, Turkey, the Levant and Egypt.

Rome ceased to be the capital from the time of the division. In 286, the capital of the Western Roman Empire became Mediolanum (modern Milan). In 402, the capital was again moved, this time to Ravenna.

The Fall of the Empire

Roman Republic Empire map
Animated map of the Roman Republic and Empire between 510 BC and 530 AD      Republic      Empire      Eastern/Byzantine Empire      Western Empire

This division did not help the Western Empire which came under increasing invasions from the north from the Ostrogoths, Huns, Franks, Visigoths, and Burgundians. The armies were brought back towards Rome, abandoning England and France. The economy could not cope: the increased need for military spending caused inflation. The citizens were unhappy with rising taxes and rising prices.

In AD 398, Alaric and his Visigoths began making attacks closer and closer to the capital. By 410 he had sacked the city of Rome. In 455, the Vandals captured Rome. In 476 the Goths captured the capital.

The fall of the Western Roman Empire took place in 476 AD when the leader of the Goths, Odoacer, removed Emperor Romulus. He became King of Italy, and Roman control over the Empire in the west ended. By this time the Western Empire existed in name only, the Emperor no longer could use military, financial or political power.

Related pages

Images for kids

See also

Kids robot.svg In Spanish: Imperio romano de Occidente para niños

kids search engine
Western Roman Empire Facts for Kids. Kiddle Encyclopedia.