Eastern Ghats Facts for Kids

The Eastern Ghats are a chain of mountains along the eastern coast of India. They stretch from the state of Odisha in the north, through Andhra Pradesh, and down to Tamil Nadu in the south. Parts of these mountains also reach into Karnataka and the Wayanad district of Kerala. Unlike a continuous mountain range, the Eastern Ghats are broken up by four large rivers: the Godavari, Mahanadi, Krishna, and Kaveri. These rivers flow from west to east, cutting through the mountains on their way to the Bay of Bengal.

The Eastern Ghats run parallel to the Bay of Bengal, which is a large part of the Indian Ocean. To the west of these mountains lies the Deccan Plateau, a huge flat area of land. Between the Eastern Ghats and the coastline is a flat area called the Coromandel Coastal Plain. The Eastern Ghats are generally not as tall or rugged as the Western Ghats, which are another mountain range on India's western side.

What are the Eastern Ghats?
- Where are the Eastern Ghats located?
  - How do rivers affect the Eastern Ghats?
Importance of the Eastern Ghats
- What is the climate like in the Eastern Ghats?
- What kind of wildlife lives in the Eastern Ghats?
  - Are there any national parks in the Eastern Ghats?
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What are the Eastern Ghats?

The Eastern Ghats are a series of hills and low mountains that form a natural boundary along India's eastern edge. They are much older than some of the world's other mountain ranges, like the Himalayas. Over millions of years, wind and water have worn them down, which is why they are not as high as the Western Ghats. These mountains are important for the climate and environment of eastern India.

Where are the Eastern Ghats located?

The Eastern Ghats stretch for about 1,750 kilometers (1,087 miles) along the eastern coast of India. They begin in the state of Odisha, then pass through Andhra Pradesh, and end in Tamil Nadu. Smaller parts of the range also extend into Karnataka and Kerala. This long stretch means they cover a variety of landscapes and climates.

How do rivers affect the Eastern Ghats?

Four major rivers of peninsular India, the Godavari, Mahanadi, Krishna, and Kaveri, have a big impact on the Eastern Ghats. These rivers originate in the Western Ghats or the Deccan Plateau and flow eastward towards the Bay of Bengal. As they flow, they cut through the Eastern Ghats, creating wide gaps and valleys. These river valleys are often very fertile and are important for farming. The rivers also carry a lot of sediment, which helps create the rich soil in the coastal plains.

Importance of the Eastern Ghats

The Eastern Ghats play a vital role in the geography and ecology of India. They influence weather patterns, support diverse plant and animal life, and are home to many communities. Understanding their importance helps us appreciate this unique natural region.

What is the climate like in the Eastern Ghats?

The climate in the Eastern Ghats varies depending on the specific location and elevation. Generally, the region experiences a tropical climate. This means it has hot summers and mild winters. The Eastern Ghats receive rainfall mainly from the monsoon winds, especially the southwest monsoon. The amount of rainfall can differ greatly from one part of the range to another.

What kind of wildlife lives in the Eastern Ghats?

The Eastern Ghats are home to a variety of wildlife. Even though parts of the range are affected by human activities, many areas still have rich biodiversity. You can find different types of forests here, from dry deciduous forests to moist evergreen forests in some parts. These forests provide habitats for animals like elephants, leopards, deer, and many species of birds and reptiles. Some areas, like Bhitarkanika National Park in Odisha, are famous for their crocodiles and other wetland creatures.

Are there any national parks in the Eastern Ghats?

Yes, there are several protected areas and national parks within or near the Eastern Ghats. These parks help protect the unique ecosystems and wildlife of the region. For example, Sri Venkateswara National Park in Andhra Pradesh is located in the Seshachalam Hills, which are part of the Eastern Ghats. These parks are important for conservation efforts and for studying the natural world.