List of reptiles of Alabama facts for kids
Alabama is a state in the southern United States that is home to many different kinds of reptiles! You can find 93 native reptile species here. These include one type of crocodilian, 12 kinds of lizards, 49 kinds of snakes, and 31 kinds of turtles.
Sadly, three native species might have disappeared from Alabama. These are the eastern indigo snake, the southern hognose snake, and the mimic glass lizard.
There are also four types of lizards that are not originally from Alabama but now live there. They are the Indo-Pacific gecko, the brown anole, the Texas horned lizard, and the Mediterranean house gecko.
Some reptiles in Alabama are in danger because of people. Their homes are being destroyed, or too many are being caught. The Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources checks on these animals. They rank how much help each species needs, from "lowest concern" to "highest concern."
Contents
Alligators: Alabama's Big Reptile
The American alligator is the only type of crocodilian found in Alabama. These large reptiles are amazing survivors! They were once in great danger, but now their numbers have grown. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service now lists them as "threatened," which is better than "endangered."
Image | Scientific name | Common name | Family | Conservation concern |
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Alligator mississippiensis | American alligator | Alligatoridae | No longer listed as endangered, U.S. Fish and Wildlife now lists as threatened |
Lizards: Quick and Scaly Friends
Alabama has many kinds of lizards, from the long glass lizards to the colorful anoles. Some are native, meaning they've always lived here. Others are "exotic," which means they were brought here from other places.
Image | Scientific name | Common name | Family | Conservation concern |
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Ophisaurus attenuatus longicaudus | eastern slender glass lizard | Anguidae | Moderate |
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Ophisaurus mimicus | mimic glass lizard | Anguidae | Possibly extirpated |
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Ophisaurus ventralis | eastern glass lizard | Anguidae | Moderate |
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Hemidactylus garnotii | Indo-Pacific gecko | Gekkonidae | Exotic |
Hemidactylus turcicus | Mediterranean house gecko | Gekkonidae | Exotic | |
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Anolis carolinensis carolinensis | green anole | Dactyloidae | Lowest |
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Anolis sagrei carolinensis | brown anole | Dactyloidae | Exotic |
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Phrynosoma cornutum | Texas horned lizard | Phrynosomatidae | Exotic |
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Sceloporus undulatus | eastern fence lizard | Phrynosomatidae | Low |
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Plestiodon anthracinus | coal skink | Scincidae | High |
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Plestiodon egregius | mole skink | Scincidae | Low/ Possibly declining |
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Plestiodon fasciatus | five-lined skink | Scincidae | Lowest |
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Plestiodon inexpectatus | southeastern five-lined skink | Scincidae | High |
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Plestiodon laticeps | broad-headed skink | Scincidae | Low |
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Scincella lateralis | ground skink little brown skink |
Scincidae | Low |
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Cnemidophorus sexlineatus sexlineatus | eastern six-lined racerunner | Teiidae | Moderate |
Snakes: Slithering Through Alabama
Alabama is home to 66 different kinds of snakes. It's important to know that only nine of these are venomous to humans. This means they can inject venom if they bite. The other 55 kinds of snakes are not dangerous to people.
Image | Scientific name | Common name | Family | Venomous to humans | Conservation concern |
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Agkistrodon contortrix | eastern copperhead | Viperidae | Yes | Lowest |
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Agkistrodon conanti | Florida cottonmouth green-tailed moccasin |
Viperidae | Yes | Lowest |
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Agkistrodon piscivorus | northern cottonmouth water moccasin |
Viperidae | Yes | Lowest |
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Carphophis amoenus amoenus | eastern worm snake | Colubridae | No | Lowest |
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Carphophis amoenus helenae | midwestern worm snake | Colubridae | No | Lowest |
Cemophora coccinea copei | northern scarlet snake | Colubridae | No | Lowest | |
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Coluber constrictor constrictor | northern black racer | Colubridae | No | Low |
Coluber constrictor priapus | southern black racer | Colubridae | No | Low | |
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Crotalus adamanteus | eastern diamondback rattlesnake | Viperidae | Yes | High |
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Crotalus horridus | timber rattlesnake canebrake rattlesnake |
Viperidae | Yes | Low |
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Diadophis punctatus edwardsii | northern ringneck snake | Colubridae | No | Lowest |
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Diadophis punctatus punctatus | southern ringneck snake | Colubridae | No | Lowest |
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Diadophis punctatus stictogenys | Mississippi ringneck snake | Colubridae | No | Lowest |
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Drymarchon couperi | eastern indigo snake | Colubridae | No | Highest, Possibly extirpated |
Elaphe obsoleta spiloides | gray rat snake | Colubridae | No | Lowest | |
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Farancia abacura abacura | eastern mud snake | Colubridae | No | Low |
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Farancia abacura reinwardtii | western mud snake | Colubridae | No | Low |
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Farancia erytrogramma erytrogramma | rainbow snake | Colubridae | No | Highest |
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Heterodon platirhinos | eastern hognose snake | Colubridae | No | Moderate |
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Heterodon simus | southern hognose snake | Colubridae | No | Highest, Possibly extirpated |
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Lampropeltis calligaster calligaster | prairie kingsnake | Colubridae | No | High |
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Lampropeltis calligaster rhombomaculata | mole kingsnake | Colubridae | No | Moderate |
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Lampropeltis elapsoides | scarlet kingsnake | Colubridae | No | Low |
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Lampropeltis getula getula | eastern kingsnake | Colubridae | No | High |
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Lampropeltis getula holbrooki | speckled kingsnake | Colubridae | No | High |
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Lampropeltis nigra | black kingsnake | Colubridae | No | Low |
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Lampropeltis triangulum triangulum | eastern milk snake | Colubridae | No | Moderate |
Lampropeltis triangulum syspila | red milk snake | Colubridae | No | Moderate | |
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Masticophis flagellum flagellum | eastern coachwhip | Colubridae | No | Moderate |
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Micrurus fulvius | eastern coral snake | Elapidae | Yes | High |
Nerodia clarkii clarkii | Gulf salt marsh snake | Colubridae | No | Moderate | |
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Nerodia cyclopion | Mississippi green water snake | Colubridae | No | Moderate |
Nerodia erythrogaster erythrogaster | redbelly water snake | Colubridae | No | Lowest | |
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Nerodia erythrogaster flavigaster | yellowbelly water snake | Colubridae | No | Lowest |
Nerodia fasciata confluens | broad-banded water snake | Colubridae | No | Lowest | |
Nerodia fasciata fasciata | southern banded water snake | Colubridae | No | Lowest | |
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Nerodia fasciata pictiventris | Florida banded water snake | Colubridae | No | Lowest |
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Nerodia floridana | Florida green water snake | Colubridae | No | Moderate |
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Nerodia rhombifer | diamondback water snake | Colubridae | No | Low |
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Nerodia sipedon pleuralis | midland water snake | Colubridae | No | Lowest |
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Nerodia taxispilota | brown water snake | Colubridae | No | Low |
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Opheodrys aestivus | rough green snake | Colubridae | No | Low |
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Pantherophis guttatus guttatus | corn snake | Colubridae | No | Moderate |
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Pantherophis obsoletus | black rat snake | Colubridae | No | Lowest |
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Pituophis melanoleucus lodingi | black pine snake | Colubridae | No | Highest |
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Pituophis melanoleucus melanoleucus | northern pine snake | Colubridae | No | High |
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Pituophis melanoleucus mugitus | Florida pine snake | Colubridae | No | High |
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Regina rigida sinicola | Gulf crayfish snake | Colubridae | No | Lowest |
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Regina septemvittata | queen snake | Colubridae | No | Moderate |
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Rhadinaea flavilata | pine woods snake | Colubridae | No | Moderate |
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Seminatrix pygaea pygaea | North Florida swamp snake | Colubridae | No | High |
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Sistrurus miliarius barbouri | dusky pigmy rattlesnake Florida ground rattlesnake |
Viperidae | Yes | Moderate |
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Sistrurus miliarius miliarius | Carolina pigmy rattlesnake ground rattlesnake |
Viperidae | Yes | Moderate |
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Sistrurus miliarius streckeri | western pigmy rattlesnake ground rattlesnake |
Viperidae | Yes | Moderate |
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Storeria dekayi dekayi | northern brown snake | Colubridae | No | Lowest |
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Storeria dekayi limnetes | marsh brown snake | Colubridae | No | Lowest |
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Storeria dekayi wrightorum | midland brown snake | Colubridae | No | Lowest |
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Storeria occipitomaculata occipitomaculata | northern redbelly snake | Colubridae | No | Lowest |
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Tantilla coronata | southeastern crown snake | Colubridae | No | Low |
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Thamnophis saurita saurita | eastern ribbon snake | Colubridae | No | Low |
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Thamnophis sirtalis sirtalis | common garter snake | Colubridae | No | Low |
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Virginia striatula | smooth earth snake | Colubridae | No | Lowest |
Virginia valeriae elegans | western earth snake | Colubridae | No | Lowest | |
Virginia valeriae valeriae | eastern earth snake | Colubridae | No | Lowest |
Turtles: Shells and Survival
Alabama is home to many different kinds of turtles, both on land and in the water. Some of these turtles are very rare and need our help to survive. The Alabama red-bellied cooter is even the official state reptile!
It is against the law in Alabama to catch, sell, or own wild turtles, their parts, or their eggs for money. This rule helps protect these amazing animals.
Image | Scientific name | Common name | Family | Conservation concern |
---|---|---|---|---|
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Caretta caretta | loggerhead sea turtle | Cheloniidae | Highest |
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Chelonia mydas | green sea turtle | Cheloniidae | Highest |
Lepidochelys kempii | Atlantic ridley sea turtle | Cheloniidae | Highest/ U.S. Fish and Wildlife lists as endangered |
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Chelydra serpentina | common snapping turtle | Chelydridae | Lowest |
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Macrochelys temminckii | alligator snapping turtle | Chelydridae | Wheeler Wildlife Refuge lists as endangered |
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Dermochelys coriacea | leatherback sea turtle | Dermochelyidae | Highest/ U.S. Fish and Wildlife lists as endangered |
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Chrysemys picta picta | eastern painted turtle | Emydidae | Lowest |
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Chrysemys picta dorsalis | southern painted turtle | Emydidae | Lowest |
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Chrysemys picta marginata | midland painted turtle | Emydidae | Lowest |
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Deirochelys reticularia reticularia | eastern chicken turtle | Emydidae | Low |
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Graptemys barbouri | Barbour's map turtle | Emydidae | High |
Graptemys ernsti | Escambia map turtle | Emydidae | Moderate | |
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Graptemys geographica | northern map turtle | Emydidae | Low |
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Graptemys nigrinoda delticola | delta map turtle southern black-knobbed sawback |
Emydidae | Moderate |
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Graptemys nigrinoda nigrinoda | black-knobbed map turtle northern black-knobbed sawback |
Emydidae | Moderate |
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Graptemys ouachitensis | Ouachita map turtle | Emydidae | Lowest |
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Graptemys pulchra | Alabama map turtle | Emydidae | Moderate |
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Malaclemys terrapin pileata | Mississippi diamondback terrapin | Emydidae | Highest |
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Pseudemys alabamensis | Alabama red-bellied cooter (Designated as official state reptile) |
Emydidae | Highest/ U.S. Fish and Wildlife lists as endangered |
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Pseudemys concinna concinna | eastern river cooter | Emydidae | Lowest |
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Pseudemys concinna floridana | coastal plain cooter | Emydidae | Lowest |
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Trachemys scripta elegans | red-eared slider | Emydidae | Lowest |
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Trachemys scripta scripta | yellow-bellied slider | Emydidae | Lowest |
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Terrapene carolina carolina | eastern box turtle | Emydidae | Low |
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Terrapene carolina major | Gulf Coast box turtle | Emydidae | Low |
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Terrapene carolina triunguis | three-toed box turtle | Emydidae | Low |
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Kinosternon subrubrum | eastern mud turtle | Kinosternidae | Lowest |
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Sternotherus minor minor | loggerhead musk turtle | Kinosternidae | Low |
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Sternotherus minor peltifer | stripe-necked musk turtle | Kinosternidae | Low |
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Sternotherus depressus | flattened musk turtle | Kinosternidae | High |
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Sternotherus odoratus | common musk turtle stinkpot turtle |
Kinosternidae | Lowest |
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Gopherus polyphemus | gopher tortoise | Testudinidae | High |
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Apalone ferox | Florida softshell turtle | Trionychidae | Moderate |
Apalone mutica | smooth softshell turtle | Trionychidae | Low | |
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Apalone spinifera | spiny softshell turtle | Trionychidae | Low |
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Eretmochelys imbricata imbricata | Atlantic hawksbill | Cheloniidae | Highest/U.S. Fish and Wildlife lists as endangered |