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Royal badges of England facts for kids

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Tudor Rose Royal Badge of England
A royally crowned Tudor rose

In heraldry, the royal badges of England comprise the heraldic badges that were used by the monarchs of the Kingdom of England.

Heraldic badges are distinctive to a person or family, similar to the arms and the crest. But unlike them, the badge is not an integral component of a coat of arms, although they can be displayed alongside them. Badges are in fact complete and independent and can be displayed alone. Furthermore, unlike the arms and crest, which are personal devices that could only be displayed by the owner, the badge could be easily borne by others, in the form of a cognizance or livery badge, to be worn by retainers and adherents. Badges are displayed on standards and personal objects, as well as on private and public buildings to show ownership or patronage.

History

BL Royal Vincent of Beauvais2Yorkist rose
The White Rose en Soleil (imposed on a sun in splendour) of the House of York, on the livery colours blue and murrey of the Yorkist dynasty, surrounded by the royal motto 'Dieu et mon droit'. From a manuscript (1478-1480) of the Speculum historiale belonging to King Edward IV of England.

Royal badges have been in use since the earliest stages of English heraldry. They are invariably simple devices, and numerous examples were adopted and inherited by various sovereigns. These are found in the glass and fabric of royal palaces and memorial chapels, and sometimes in the houses of those who enjoyed or anticipated royal patronage.

The earliest royal heraldic badge is a sprig of common broom, said to have been worn by Geoffrey of Anjou in his cap. The broom plant or Plantegenest (planta genista in medieval Latin), thus became Geoffrey's nickname; "Plantagenet". The heraldic device also became the name of the dynasty that was borne from him, which was to rule England for over 300 years. The Plantagenet kings would use this badge, sometimes combining it with other more personal devices. King Henry II used the 'planta genista' as well as an escarbuncle. King Richard I used a star and crescent device, which was also adopted by his brother King John. King Henry III adopted the broom sprig and the star and crescent. His son Edward I in addition to these, added the golden rose device that he inherited from his mother Eleanor of Provence. King Edward II further added the golden castle of Castile, inherited from his mother Eleanor of Castile.

It was actually Richard of York, 3rd Duke of York who adopted the Plantagenet name for him and his descendants in the 15th century. It is obscure why Richard chose the name but it emphasised Richard's hierarchal status as Geoffrey's, and six English kings', patrilineal descendant during the Wars of the Roses. The retrospective usage of the name for all Geoffrey's male descendants became popular in Tudor times probably encouraged by the added legitimacy it gave Richard's great-grandson, King Henry VIII of England.

Badges came into general use by the reign of King Edward III. The king himself deployed many badges alluding to his lineage, as well as new personal devices.

List of royal badges

Monarch
(Reign)		 Badges Examples
Planta genista Badge of the Plantagenets.svg House of Plantagenet Planta genista Badge of the Plantagenets.svg
(1154–1399)
King Henry II from NPG.jpg
King Henry II
(1154–1189)
  • a golden escarbuncle
  • a sprig of broom or planta genista
 Planta genista Badge of the Plantagenets.svg 
British - Richard I - Google Art Project.jpg
King Richard I
(1189–1199)
  • a golden star and crescent
  • a sprig of broom
 Star and Crescent Badge.svg Planta genista Badge of the Plantagenets.svg 
King John from NPG.jpg
King John
(1199–1216)
  • a golden star and crescent
  • a sprig of broom
 Star and Crescent Badge.svg Planta genista Badge of the Plantagenets.svg 
Henry III of England - Illustration from Cassell's History of England - Century Edition - published circa 1902.jpg
King Henry III
(1216–1272)
  • a sprig of broom
 Planta genista Badge of the Plantagenets.svg 
Edward I of England.png
King Edward I
(1272–1307)
  • a golden rose, the stalk green
  • a sprig of broom
 Golden Rose Badge.svg  Planta genista Badge of the Plantagenets.svg 
King Edward II.jpg
King Edward II
(1307–1327)		 Planta genista Badge of the Plantagenets.svg 
King Edward III from NPG.jpg
King Edward III
(1327–1377)
  • a golden rose, the stalk green
  • a Sunburst, or rays Or issuing from a cloud
  • a Sprig of broom, "Planta genista" (first used by Geoffrey of Anjou as a personal symbol)
  • a Stock (stump) of a tree eradicated and couped (for Woodstock)
  • a Falcon Argent
  • a Gryphon
  • an Ostrich feather (for his wife; Philippa of Hainault)
  • a Fleur-de-lis Or (For France; and his mother Isabella of France)
  • a Sword
  • a Sword erect on a chapeau, its blade enfiled with three crowns
  • a Boar
  • a Dragon Or, "clothed with the king's arms ... nicknamed 'Drago'"
  • a Leopard
 Golden Rose Badge.svg Sunburst Badge.svg Planta genista Badge of the Plantagenets.svg Silver Falcon Badge of Edward III.svg Gryphon Badge of Edward III.svg
King Richard II from NPG (2).jpg
King Richard II
(1377–1399)
  • a Sunburst
  • a Hart Argent lodged, ducally gorged and chained Or (from his mother; Joan of Kent)
  • a Stock (stump) of a tree eradicated and couped Or (from his father; Edward of Woodstock; or the Black Prince)
  • a Falcon Argent
  • a Sprig of broom, Planta genista, the cods open and empty
  • a Sun in splendour
  • an Ostrich feather
  • the Sun clouded
 White Hart Badge of Richard II.svg Wood Stock Badge of Edward III.svg Sun of York.svg Ostrich Feather Badge.svg
Red Rose Badge of Lancaster.svg House of Lancaster Red Rose Badge of Lancaster.svg
(1399–1461)
King Henry IV from NPG (2).jpg
King Henry IV
(1399–1413)
  • the Monogram SS
  • a Crescent
  • a Fox's tail
  • a Stock of a tree
  • an Ermine, or gennet, between two sprigs of broom
  • an Eagle, crowned
  • an Eagle displayed
  • a Panther, crowned
  • an Ostrich feather encircled by a scroll bearing the word "SOVEREYGNE"
  • a Columbine flower
  • the Red rose of Lancaster
  • a Sun in splendour
  • a Rose en soleil (a combination of the last two badges)
  • a White swan (from the Bohun swan, from the de Bohun family of Mary de Bohun; Henry IV's first wife)
  • an Antelope Argent (also from the De Bohun family)
 Monogram SS Badge of Henry IV.svg Ostrich Feather Badge of Henry IV.svg Red Rose Badge of Lancaster.svg Swan Badge of Henry IV & V.svg Chained Antelope Badge of Henry V & VI.svg
King Henry V.jpg
King Henry V
(1413–1422)
  • an Ostrich feather Argent
  • an Ostrich feather erect Argent with a small scroll across the lower part of the quill inscribed "Ich dien"
  • an Antelope, chained
  • a Swan, chained
  • a Fire beacon or cresset
  • a Stock of a tree
  • the Red rose of Lancaster
  • a Fox's tail
  • a Trunk of a tree eradiated Or (for the Dukedom of Hereford)
  • a Swan, wings elevated Argent, beaked and legged Gules, ducally gorged and a chain reflexed over the back Or (of Hereford)
  • a Swan and antelope lodged, both chained to the fire-beacon and conjoined into one device
 Silver Feather Badge.svg Fire Beacon Badge of Henry V.svg Wood Stock Badge of Edward III.svg Hereford Swan Badge of Henry V.svg
King Henry VI from NPG (2).jpg
King Henry VI
(1422–1461)
  • an Antelope, chained
  • a Swan, chained
  • a Spotted panther
  • two Ostrich feathers in saltire, Or and Argent
  • the Red rose of Lancaster
 Chained Antelope Badge of Henry V & VI.svg Swan Badge of Henry IV & V.svg Panther Badge of Henry VI.svg Crossed Feather Badge of Henry VI.svg
Rose en Soleil Badge of York.svg House of York Rose en Soleil Badge of York.svg
(1461–1485)
Edward IV Plantagenet.jpg
King Edward IV
(1461–1483)
  • a Black bull of Clarence (from Lionel of Antwerp, 1st Duke of Clarence the second son of Edward III, from which the Yorkists are also descended)
  • a Black dragon (for the Earldom of Ulster)
  • a White lion of Mortimer (for the Earldom of March)
  • a White wolf of Mortimer
  • a Hart Argent (to reinforce his succession from Roger Mortimer, 4th Earl of March the heir of Richard II)
  • a Falcon Argent, in a fetterlock Or (for York)
  • a Sun in splendour
  • the White rose of York
  • a Rose en soleil (a combination of the last two badges)
  • a Rose Gules or a Rose Gules en soleil (referring to his marriage with Elizabeth Woodville, of the Lancastrian party)
 Black Bull of Clarence Badge of Edward IV.svg White Lion of Mortimer Badge of Edward IV.svg Falcon and Fetterlock Badge of Edward IV.svg White Rose Badge of York.svg Rose en Soleil Badge of York.svg
King Edward V from NPG.jpg
King Edward V
(1483)
  • a Falcon Argent, in a fetterlock of gold
  • a Rose Argent
 Falcon and Fetterlock Badge of Edward IV.svg White Rose Badge of York.svg
King Richard III.jpg
King Richard III
(1483–1485)
  • a Boar Argent, armed and bristled Or
  • the White rose of York
  • a Sun in splendour
  • a White falcon with a virgin's face holding a white rose
 White Boar Badge of Richard III.svg White Rose Badge of York.svg Sun of York.svg Falcon with a virgin's face Badge of Richard III.svg
Tudor Rose.svg House of Tudor Tudor Rose.svg
(1485–1603)
Henry Tudor of England.jpg
King Henry VII
(1485–1509)
  • a Portcullis Or, crowned (from his mother; Margaret Beaufort)
  • a Greyhound Argent, collared Gules (for the Earldom of Richmond)
  • a Red dragon of Cadwaladr
  • a Dun cow (of Warwick)
  • a Crowned hawthorn bush with the cypher H.R. (recalling the story after Bosworth, when the crown was found under a hawthorn bush)
  • the Tudor rose; a rose Gules, with a rose Argent superimposed, crowned
  • a Fleur-de-lis, Or, crowned
  • Flames of fire
  • a Sunburst
  • Falcon standing on a fetterlock, with a virgin's face (a harpy)
 Beaufort Portcullis Badge of the Tudors.svg Greyhound of Richmond Badge of Henry VII.svg Welsh dragon rampant with pizzle.png Hawthorn Bush Badge of Henry VII.svg Tudor Rose, royally crowned.svg
Henry VIII National Maritime Museum.jpg
King Henry VIII
(1509–1547)
  • a Fleur-de-lis Or
  • a Red dragon of Cadwaladr
  • a Greyhound Argent, collared Gules
  • a Silver cock with red comb and wattles
  • Flames of fire
  • a Dun cow of Warwick
  • a Harp Or, stringed silver, crowned (For Ireland)
  • a Portcullis Or, crowned; as used with motto Altera securitas
  • the Tudor rose
  • a Rose Gules, dimidiated with a pomegranate (for his first wife; Catherine of Aragon; the pomegranate is the symbol of Granada in the royal arms of the Kingdoms of Castile and Aragon)
  • a Demi-rose Gules, impaled with a demi-roundel parted palewise Argent and Vert, charged with a bundle of arrows Argent, garnished Or (also for his first wife)
 Welsh dragon rampant with pizzle.png Greyhound of Richmond Badge of Henry VII.svg Tudor Rose.svg Beaufort Portcullis Badge of the Tudors.svg Dimidiated Rose and Pomegranate Badge of Henry VIII.svg
Edouard VI Tudor.jpg
King Edward VI
(1547–1553)
  • a Fleur-de-lis Or
  • a Red dragon of Cadwaladr
  • a Greyhound Argent, collared Gules
  • a Harp Or, stringed silver, crowned
  • a Portcullis Or, crowned
  • the Tudor rose
  • a Rose Gules, crowned
  • a Sun in splendour
 Beaufort Portcullis Badge of the Tudors.svg Crowned Harp (Tudor Crown).svg Tudor Rose.svg Sun of York.svg
Queen Mary I from NPG.jpg
Queen Mary I
(1553–1558)
  • a Pomegranate (for her mother; Catherine of Aragon)
  • a Pomegranate and rose conjoined (also used by her mother personally)
  • a Rose Gules within a white one, impaled with a demi-roundel parted palewise Vert and Azure, charged with a bundle of arrows Argent, ensigned with a crown, surrounded by rays Or
  • a Winged Time drawing Truth from a Pit, with the inscription "Veritas temporis filia"
  • an Altar, thereon a sword erect, with the words "Arae et Regne Custodia"
  • the Tudor rose
  • a Harp Or, stringed silver, crowned
  • a Portcullis Or, crowned
  • a Fleur-de-lis Or
 Pomegranate Badge of Mary I.svg Tudor Rose and Arrows Badge.svg Altar and Sword Badge of Mary I.svg
Elizabeth I Unknown Artist.jpg

Queen Elizabeth I
(1558–1603)
  • a Falcon Argent, crowned and holding a sceptre Or (for her mother; Anne Boleyn)
  • a Tudor rose, crowned with the motto "Rose sine Spina"
  • a Sieve
  • a Phoenix
  • a Harp Or, stringed silver, crowned
  • a Portcullis Or, crowned
  • a Fleur-de-lis Or
 Silver Falcon Badge.svg Tudor Rose, royally crowned.svg Phoenix Badge of Elizabeth I.svg Beaufort Portcullis Badge of the Tudors.svg
Dimidiated Rose and Thistle Badge.svg House of Stuart Dimidiated Rose and Thistle Badge.svg
(1603–1649)
King James I of England and VI of Scotland by John De Critz the Elder.jpg
King James I
(1603–1625)
  • the Tudor rose; Rose Gules, with a rose Argent superimposed, crowned (for England)
  • a Thistle, slipped and headed Proper, royally crowned (for Scotland and the House of Stuart)
  • a Fleur-de-lis Or, crowned (for France)
  • a Rose Gules, with a rose Argent superimposed, dimidated with a thistle in its Proper colours, crowned (for the Union of the Crowns)
  • a Harp Or, stringed silver, crowned (for Ireland)
 Tudor Rose (Tudor Heraldry).svg Thistle Royal Badge of Scotland.svg Crowned Fleur de lys (Tudor Crown).svg Union of the Crowns Royal Badge.svg Crowned Harp (Tudor Crown).svg
Charles I (Daniel Mytens).jpg
King Charles I
(1625–1649)
  • the Tudor rose; Rose Gules, with a rose Argent superimposed, crowned (for England)
  • a Thistle, slipped and headed Proper, royally crowned (for Scotland)
  • a Fleur-de-lis Or, crowned (for France)
  • a Rose Gules, with a rose Argent superimposed, dimidated with a thistle in its Proper colours, crowned (for the Union of the Crowns)
  • a Harp Or, stringed silver, crowned (for Ireland)
 Tudor Rose (Tudor Heraldry).svg Thistle Royal Badge of Scotland.svg Crowned Fleur de lys (Tudor Crown).svg Union of the Crowns Royal Badge.svg Crowned Harp (Tudor Crown).svg
Coat of Arms of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland.svg Interregnum Coat of Arms of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland.svg
(1649–1660)
Dimidiated Rose and Thistle Badge.svg House of Stuart (Restored) Dimidiated Rose and Thistle Badge.svg
(1660–1707)
King Charles II (Lely).jpg
King Charles II
(1660–1685)
  • the Tudor rose; Rose Gules, with a rose Argent superimposed, crowned (for England)
  • a Thistle, slipped and headed Proper, royally crowned (for Scotland)
  • a Fleur-de-lis Or, crowned (for France)
  • a Rose Gules, with a rose Argent superimposed, dimidated with a thistle in its Proper colours, crowned (for the Union of the Crowns)
  • a Harp Or, stringed silver, crowned (for Ireland)
 Tudor Rose Royal Badge of England.svg Thistle Royal Badge of Scotland.svg Crowned Fleur de lys.svg Union of the Crowns Royal Badge (Imperial Crown).svg Royal Harp Badge of Ireland.svg
James II 1633-1701.jpg
King James II
(1685–1688)
  • the Tudor rose; Rose Gules, with a rose Argent superimposed, crowned (for England)
  • a Thistle, slipped and headed Proper, royally crowned (for Scotland)
  • a Fleur-de-lis Or, crowned (for France)
  • a Rose Gules, with a rose Argent superimposed, dimidated with a thistle in its Proper colours, crowned (for the Union of the Crowns)
  • a Harp Or, stringed silver, crowned (for Ireland)
 Tudor Rose Royal Badge of England.svg Thistle Royal Badge of Scotland.svg Crowned Fleur de lys.svg Union of the Crowns Royal Badge (Imperial Crown).svg Royal Harp Badge of Ireland.svg
William and Mary cropped.jpg
King William III and Queen Mary II
(1689–1694)
  • the Tudor rose; Rose Gules, with a rose Argent superimposed, crowned (for England)
  • a Thistle, slipped and headed Proper, royally crowned (for Scotland)
  • a Fleur-de-lis Or, crowned (for France)
  • a Rose Gules, with a rose Argent superimposed, dimidated with a thistle in its Proper colours, crowned (for the Union of the Crowns)
  • a Harp Or, stringed silver, crowned (for Ireland)
 Tudor Rose Royal Badge of England.svg Thistle Royal Badge of Scotland.svg Crowned Fleur de lys.svg Union of the Crowns Royal Badge (Imperial Crown).svg Royal Harp Badge of Ireland.svg
William III of England.jpg
King William III
(1689–1702)
  • the Tudor rose; Rose Gules, with a rose Argent superimposed, crowned (for England)
  • a Thistle, slipped and headed Proper, royally crowned (for Scotland)
  • a Fleur-de-lis Or, crowned (for France)
  • a Rose Gules, with a rose Argent superimposed, dimidated with a thistle in its Proper colours, crowned (for the Union of the Crowns)
  • a Harp Or, stringed silver, crowned (for Ireland)
 Tudor Rose Royal Badge of England.svg Thistle Royal Badge of Scotland.svg Crowned Fleur de lys.svg Union of the Crowns Royal Badge (Imperial Crown).svg Royal Harp Badge of Ireland.svg
Anne Stuart.jpg
Queen Anne
(1702–1707)
  • the Tudor rose; Rose Gules, with a rose Argent superimposed, crowned (for England)
  • a Thistle, slipped and headed Proper, royally crowned (for Scotland)
  • a Fleur-de-lis Or, crowned (for France)
  • a Rose Gules, with a rose Argent superimposed, a thistle in its Proper colours, growing from the same stalk, crowned (for Great Britain, after the Acts of Union)
  • a Harp Or, stringed silver, crowned (for Ireland)
 Tudor Rose Royal Badge of England.svg Thistle Royal Badge of Scotland.svg Crowned Fleur de lys.svg Floral Badge of Great Britain.svg Royal Harp Badge of Ireland.svg

See also

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Royal badges of England Facts for Kids. Kiddle Encyclopedia.