This article lists the Union Army's groups of soldiers and their leaders during the Battle of Gettysburg. This important battle happened from July 1 to 3, 1863, during the American Civil War. The Union Army was also known as the Army of the Potomac.
The information here comes from how the army was set up, records of soldiers who were hurt or captured, and official reports from the time.
Understanding the Ranks and Terms
To understand how the army was organized, it helps to know what some of the abbreviations mean:
Military Ranks
- MG = Major General: A very high-ranking officer, usually in charge of a large group of soldiers called a corps or division.
- BG = Brigadier General: An officer who commands a brigade, which is a smaller group of soldiers.
- Col = Colonel: An officer who commands a regiment, a unit of about 1,000 soldiers.
- Ltc = Lieutenant Colonel: The second-in-command of a regiment.
- Maj = Major: An officer who helps lead a regiment.
- Cpt = Captain: An officer who commands a company, a small group of soldiers.
- Lt = Lieutenant: A junior officer, usually leading a platoon.
- Sgt = Sergeant: A non-commissioned officer who helps lead soldiers.
Other Important Terms
- w = wounded: The soldier was injured in battle.
- mw = mortally wounded: The soldier was injured so badly they later died.
- k = killed: The soldier died during the battle.
- c = captured: The soldier was taken by the enemy.
- m = missing: The soldier's whereabouts were unknown after the battle.
The Army of the Potomac
The entire Army of the Potomac was led by MG George G. Meade. He was the top commander.
General Staff and Headquarters
The General Staff were important officers who helped MG Meade run the army. They handled things like supplies, medical care, and planning.
Key Staff Members:
The General Headquarters also included special units like the Provost Marshal General's command, which acted like military police.
Headquarters Units:
- 93rd New York: Col John S. Crocker
- 8th United States (8 companies): Cpt Edwin W. H. Read
- 2nd Pennsylvania Cavalry: Col Richard Butler Price
I Corps: The First to Fight
Main article: I Corps (Union Army)
The I Corps was one of the first groups to fight at Gettysburg. It had several commanders during the battle: MG John F. Reynolds (k), MG Abner Doubleday, and MG John Newton.
General Headquarters:
- 1st Maine Cavalry, Company L: Cpt Constantine Taylor
| Division |
Brigade |
Regiments and Others |
|
First Division
BG James S. Wadsworth
|
1st Brigade
BG Solomon Meredith (w)
Col William W. Robinson
|
|
| 2nd Brigade
BG Lysander Cutler
|
- 7th Indiana
- 76th New York
- 84th New York
- 95th New York
- 147th New York
- 56th Pennsylvania
|
|
Second Division
BG John C. Robinson
|
1st Brigade
BG Gabriel R. Paul (w)
Col Samuel H. Leonard (w)
Col Adrian R. Root (w&c)
Col Richard Coulter (w)
Col Peter Lyle
Col Richard Coulter
|
- 16th Maine
- 13th Massachusetts
- 94th New York
- 104th New York
- 107th Pennsylvania
|
| 2nd Brigade
BG Henry Baxter
|
- 12th Massachusetts
- 83rd New York
- 97th New York
- 11th Pennsylvania
- 88th Pennsylvania
- 90th Pennsylvania
|
|
Third Division
MG Abner Doubleday
BG Thomas A. Rowley
MG Abner Doubleday
|
1st Brigade
Col Chapman Biddle (w)
BG Thomas A. Rowley (w)
|
- 80th New York
- 121st Pennsylvania
- 142nd Pennsylvania
- 151st Pennsylvania
|
| 2nd Brigade
Col Roy Stone (w)
Col Langhorne Wister (w)
Col Edmund L. Dana
|
- 143rd Pennsylvania
- 149th Pennsylvania
- 150th Pennsylvania
|
| 3rd Brigade
BG George J. Stannard (w)
Col Francis V. Randall
|
- 13th Vermont
- 14th Vermont
- 16th Vermont
|
|
Artillery Brigade
Col Charles S. Wainwright
|
- Maine Light, 2nd Battery (B)
- Maine Light, 5th Battery (E)
- 1st New York Light, Battery E & Battery L
- 1st Pennsylvania Light, Battery B
- 4th United States, Battery B
|
II Corps: Key Defenders
Main article: II Corps (Union Army)
The II Corps played a very important role, especially during the second and third days of the battle. Its commanders included MG Winfield S. Hancock (w), BG John Gibbon, and BG William Hays.
General Headquarters:
- 6th New York Cavalry, Companies D and K: Cpt Riley Johnson (Escort)
- 53rd Pennsylvania Infantry , Companies A, B and K: Maj Octavus Bull (Provost Marshal 2nd Corps)
| Division |
Brigade |
Regiments and Others |
|
First Division
BG John C. Caldwell
|
1st Brigade
Col Edward E. Cross (mw)
Col H. Boyd McKeen
|
- 5th New Hampshire
- 61st New York
- 81st Pennsylvania
- 148th Pennsylvania
|
| 2nd Brigade
Col Patrick Kelly
|
- 28th Massachusetts
- 63rd New York Infantry
- 69th New York
- 88th New York Infantry
- 116th Pennsylvania
|
| 3rd Brigade
BG Samuel K. Zook (mw July 2)
Ltc Charles G. Freudenberg (w July 2)
Col Richard P. Roberts (k)
Ltc John Fraser
|
- 52nd New York
- 57th New York
- 66th New York
- 140th Pennsylvania
|
| 4th Brigade
Col John R. Brooke (w)
|
- 27th Connecticut
- 2nd Delaware
- 64th New York
- 53rd Pennsylvania
- 145th Pennsylvania
|
|
Second Division
BG John Gibbon (w)
BG William Harrow
|
1st Brigade
BG William Harrow
Col Francis E. Heath (w)
|
- 19th Maine
- 15th Massachusetts
- 1st Minnesota
- 82nd New York
|
| 2nd Brigade
BG Alexander S. Webb (w)
|
- 69th Pennsylvania
- 71st Pennsylvania
- 72nd Pennsylvania
- 106th Pennsylvania
|
| 3rd Brigade
Col Norman J. Hall
|
- 19th Massachusetts
- 20th Massachusetts
- 7th Michigan
- 42nd New York
- 59th New York
|
| unattached |
- Massachusetts Sharpshooters, 1st Company
|
|
Third Division
BG Alexander Hays
|
1st Brigade
Col Samuel S. Carroll
|
- 14th Indiana
- 4th Ohio
- 8th Ohio
- 7th West Virginia
|
| 2nd Brigade
Col Thomas A. Smyth (w)
Ltc Francis E. Pierce
|
- 14th Connecticut
- 1st Delaware
- 12th New Jersey
- 10th New York
- 108th New York
|
| 3rd Brigade
Col George L. Willard (k)
Col Eliakim Sherrill
Ltc James M. Bull
Col Clinton D. MacDougall (w)
Col Eliakim Sherrill (mw, July 3)
|
- 39th New York
- 111th New York
- 125th New York
- 126th New York
|
|
Artillery Brigade
Cpt John G. Hazard
|
- 1st New York Light, Battery B
- 1st Rhode Island Light, Battery A
- 1st Rhode Island Light, Battery B
- 1st United States, Battery I
- 4th United States, Battery A
|
III Corps: Fierce Fighting at the Peach Orchard
Main article: III Corps (Union Army)
The III Corps saw some of the most intense fighting, especially around the Peach Orchard and Devil's Den. Its commanders were MG Daniel E. Sickles (w) and MG David B. Birney (w).
| Division |
Brigade |
Regiments and Others |
|
First Division
MG David B. Birney
BG J. H. Hobart Ward (w)
|
1st Brigade
BG Charles K. Graham (w&c)
Col Andrew H. Tippin
Col Henry J. Madill
|
- 57th Pennsylvania
- 63rd Pennsylvania
- 68th Pennsylvania
- 105th Pennsylvania
- 114th Pennsylvania
- 141st Pennsylvania
|
| 2nd Brigade
BG J. H. Hobart Ward
Col Hiram Berdan
|
- 20th Indiana
- 3rd Maine
- 4th Maine
- 86th New York
- 124th New York
- 99th Pennsylvania
- 1st United States Sharpshooters
- 2nd United States Sharpshooters
|
| 3rd Brigade
Col P. Régis de Trobriand
|
- 17th Maine
- 3rd Michigan
- 5th Michigan
- 40th New York
- 110th Pennsylvania
|
|
Second Division
BG Andrew A. Humphreys
|
1st Brigade
BG Joseph B. Carr (w)
|
- 1st Massachusetts
- 11th Massachusetts
- 16th Massachusetts
- 12th New Hampshire
- 11th New Jersey
- 26th Pennsylvania
|
| 2nd Brigade
Col William R. Brewster
|
- 70th New York
- 71st New York
- 72nd New York
- 73rd New York
- 74th New York
- 120th New York
|
| 3rd Brigade
Col George C. Burling
|
- 2nd New Hampshire
- 5th New Jersey
- 6th New Jersey
- 7th New Jersey
- 8th New Jersey
- 115th Pennsylvania
|
|
Artillery Brigade
Cpt George E. Randolph (w)
Cpt A. Judson Clark
|
- 1st New Jersey Light, Battery B
- 1st New York Light, Battery D
- New York Light, 4th Battery
- 1st Rhode Island Light, Battery E
- 4th United States, Battery K
|
V Corps: Reinforcements Arrive
Main article: V Corps (Union Army)
The V Corps, led by MG George Sykes, arrived at Gettysburg later in the battle. They helped reinforce the Union lines.
General Headquarters:
- 12th New York Infantry (Companies D and E): Cpt Henry W. Ryder
- 17th Pennsylvania Cavalry, Companies D and H: Cpt William Thompson
| Division |
Brigade |
Regiments and Others |
|
First Division
BG James Barnes (w)
|
1st Brigade
Col William S. Tilton
|
- 18th Massachusetts
- 22nd Massachusetts
- 1st Michigan
- 118th Pennsylvania
|
| 2nd Brigade
Col Jacob B. Sweitzer
|
- 9th Massachusetts
- 32nd Massachusetts
- 4th Michigan
- 62nd Pennsylvania
|
| 3rd Brigade
Col Strong Vincent (mw)
Col James C. Rice
|
- 20th Maine
- 16th Michigan
- 44th New York
- 83rd Pennsylvania
|
|
Second Division
BG Romeyn B. Ayres
|
1st Brigade
Col Hannibal Day
|
|
| 2nd Brigade
Col Sidney Burbank
|
- 2nd United States
- 7th United States
- 10th United States
- 11th United States
- 17th United States
|
| 3rd Brigade
BG Stephen H. Weed (k)
Col Kenner Garrard
|
- 140th New York
- 146th New York
- 91st Pennsylvania
- 155th Pennsylvania
|
|
Third Division
BG Samuel W. Crawford
|
1st Brigade
Col William McCandless
|
- 1st Pennsylvania Reserves
- 2nd Pennsylvania Reserves
- 6th Pennsylvania Reserves
- 13th Pennsylvania Reserves
|
| 3rd Brigade
Col Joseph W. Fisher
|
- 5th Pennsylvania Reserves
- 9th Pennsylvania Reserves
- 10th Pennsylvania Reserves
- 11th Pennsylvania Reserves
- 12th Pennsylvania Reserves
|
|
Artillery Brigade
Cpt Augustus P. Martin
|
- Massachusetts Light, 3rd Battery
- 1st New York Light, Battery C
- 1st Ohio Light, Battery L
- 5th United States, Battery D
- 5th United States, Battery I
|
VI Corps: The Reserves
Main article: VI Corps (Union Army)
The VI Corps, led by MG John Sedgwick, was mostly held in reserve during the battle. They were ready to move where needed.
General Headquarters:
- 1st New Jersey Cavalry, Company L and 1st Pennsylvania Cavalry, Company H: Cpt William S. Craft
| Division |
Brigade |
Regiments and Others |
|
First Division
BG Horatio G. Wright
|
1st Brigade
BG Alfred T. A. Torbert
|
- 1st New Jersey
- 2nd New Jersey
- 3rd New Jersey
- 15th New Jersey
|
| 2nd Brigade
BG Joseph J. Bartlett
Col Emory Upton
|
- 5th Maine
- 121st New York
- 95th Pennsylvania
- 96th Pennsylvania
|
| 3rd Brigade
BG David A. Russell
|
- 6th Maine
- 49th Pennsylvania
- 119th Pennsylvania
- 5th Wisconsin
|
| Provost Guard |
|
|
Second Division
BG Albion P. Howe
|
2nd Brigade
Col Lewis A. Grant
|
|
| 3rd Brigade
BG Thomas H. Neill
|
- 7th Maine
- 33rd New York
- 43rd New York
- 49th New York
- 77th New York
- 61th Pennsylvania
|
|
Third Division
MG John Newton
BG Frank Wheaton
|
1st Brigade
BG Alexander Shaler
|
- 65th New York
- 67th New York
- 122nd New York
- 23rd Pennsylvania
- 82nd Pennsylvania
|
| 2nd Brigade
Col Henry L. Eustis
|
- 7th Massachusetts
- 10th Massachusetts
- 37th Massachusetts
- 2nd Rhode Island
|
| 3rd Brigade
BG Frank Wheaton
Col David J. Nevin
|
- 62nd New York
- 93rd Pennsylvania
- 98th Pennsylvania
- 139th Pennsylvania
|
|
Artillery Brigade
Col Charles H. Tompkins
|
- Massachusetts Light, 1st Battery (A)
- New York Light, 1st Battery
- New York Light, 3rd Battery
- 1st Rhode Island Light, Battery C
- 1st Rhode Island Light, Battery G
- 2nd United States, Battery D
- 2nd United States, Battery G
- 5th United States, Battery F
|
XI Corps: Facing the First Day's Attack
Main article: XI Corps (Union Army)
The XI Corps, led by MG Oliver O. Howard and MG Carl Schurz, was heavily involved in the first day of fighting at Gettysburg.
General Headquarters:
- 1st Indiana Cavalry, Companies I and K: Cpt Abram Sharra
- 8th New York Infantry (1 company): Lt Hermann Foerster
XII Corps: Holding Culp's Hill
Main article: XII Corps (Union Army)
The XII Corps, led by MG Henry W. Slocum and BG Alpheus S. Williams, played a crucial role in defending Culp's Hill.
Provost Guard:
- 10th Maine Battalion (3 companies): Cpt John D. Beardsley
| Division |
Brigade |
Regiments and Others |
|
First Division
BG Alpheus S. Williams
BG Thomas H. Ruger
|
1st Brigade
Col Archibald L. McDougall
|
- 5th Connecticut
- 20th Connecticut
- 3rd Maryland
- 123rd New York
- 145th New York
- 46th Pennsylvania
|
| 3rd Brigade
BG Thomas H. Ruger
Col Silas Colgrove
|
- 27th Indiana
- 2nd Massachusetts
- 13th New Jersey
- 107th New York
- 3rd Wisconsin
|
|
Second Division
BG John W. Geary
|
1st Brigade
Col Charles Candy
|
- 5th Ohio
- 7th Ohio
- 29th Ohio
- 66th Ohio
- 28th Pennsylvania
- 147th Pennsylvania
|
| 2nd Brigade
Col George A. Cobham, Jr.
BG Thomas L. Kane
|
- 29th Pennsylvania
- 109th Pennsylvania
- 111th Pennsylvania
|
| 3rd Brigade
BG George S. Greene (w)
|
- 60th New York
- 78th New York
- 102nd New York
- 137th New York
- 149th New York
|
| Reporting directly |
Lockwood's Brigade
BG Henry H. Lockwood
|
- 1st Maryland, Potomac Home Brigade
- 1st Maryland, Eastern Shore
- 150th New York
|
|
Artillery Brigade
Lt Edward D. Muhlenberg
|
- 1st New York Light, Battery M
- Pennsylvania Light, Battery E
- 4th United States, Battery F
- 5th United States, Battery K
|
Cavalry Corps: Horseback Heroes
Main article: Cavalry Corps (Union Army)
The Cavalry Corps, led by MG Alfred Pleasonton, played a vital role in scouting, screening, and fighting on the flanks of the main army.
Headquarter Guards:
- 1st Ohio Cavalry, Company A: Cpt Noah Jones (Second Division)
- 1st Ohio Cavalry, Company C: Cpt Samuel N. Stanford (Third Division)
| Division |
Brigade |
Regiments and Others |
|
First Division
BG John Buford
|
1st Brigade
Col William Gamble
|
- 8th Illinois Cavalry
- 12th Illinois Cavalry and 3rd Indiana Cavalry
- 8th New York Cavalry
|
| 2nd Brigade
Col Thomas Devin
|
- 6th New York Cavalry
- 9th New York Cavalry
- 17th Pennsylvania Cavalry
- 3rd West Virginia Cavalry
|
| Reserve Brigade
BG Wesley Merritt
|
|
|
Second Division
BG David McMurtrie Gregg
|
1st Brigade
Col John B. McIntosh
|
- 1st Maryland Cavalry
- Purnell (Maryland) Cavalry Legion, Company A
- 1st Massachusetts Cavalry
- 1st New Jersey Cavalry
- 1st Pennsylvania Cavalry
- 3rd Pennsylvania Cavalry
- 3rd Pennsylvania Heavy Artillery, Section, Battery H
|
| 3rd Brigade
Col John Irvin Gregg
|
- 1st Maine Cavalry
- 10th New York Cavalry
- 4th Pennsylvania Cavalry
- 16th Pennsylvania Cavalry
|
|
Third Division
BG Judson Kilpatrick
|
1st Brigade
BG Elon J. Farnsworth (k)
Col Nathaniel P. Richmond
|
- 5th New York Cavalry
- 18th Pennsylvania Cavalry
- 1st Vermont Cavalry
- 1st West Virginia Cavalry
|
| 2nd Brigade
BG George A. Custer
|
- 1st Michigan Cavalry
- 5th Michigan Cavalry
- 6th Michigan Cavalry
- 7th Michigan Cavalry
|
|
Horse Artillery
|
1st Brigade
Cpt James M. Robertson
|
- 9th Michigan Battery
- 6th New York Battery
- 2nd United States, Batteries B and L
- 2nd United States, Battery M
- 4th United States, Battery E
|
| 2nd Brigade
Cpt John C. Tidball
|
- 1st United States, Batteries E and G
- 1st United States, Battery K
- 2nd United States, Battery A
|
Artillery Reserve: The Big Guns
The Artillery Reserve, led by BG Robert O. Tyler and Cpt James M. Robertson, was a large collection of cannons and artillery units. They were ready to support any part of the army that needed extra firepower.
Headquarter Guard:
- 32nd Massachusetts Infantry, Company C: Cpt Josiah C. Fuller
| Brigade |
Batteries |
| 1st Regular Brigade
Cpt Dunbar R. Ransom (w)
|
- 1st United States, Battery H
- 3rd United States, Batteries F and K
- 4th United States, Battery C
- 5th United States, Battery C
|
| 1st Volunteer Brigade
Ltc Freeman McGilvery
|
- Massachusetts Light, 5th Battery (E)
- Massachusetts Light, 9th Battery
- New York Light, 15th Battery
- Pennsylvania Light, Battery C and Battery F
|
| 2nd Volunteer Brigade
Cpt Elijah D. Taft
|
- 1st Connecticut Heavy, Battery B
- 1st Connecticut Heavy, Battery M
- Connecticut Light, 2nd Battery
- New York Light, 5th Battery
|
| 3rd Volunteer Brigade
Cpt James F. Huntington
|
- New Hampshire Light, 1st Battery
- 1st Ohio Light, Battery H
- 1st Pennsylvania Light, Batteries F and G
- West Virginia Light, Battery C
|
| 4th Volunteer Brigade
Cpt Robert H. Fitzhugh
|
- Maine Light, 6th Battery (F)
- Maryland Light, Battery A
- New Jersey Light, 1st Battery
- 1st New York Light, Battery G
- 1st New York Light, Battery K
|
| Train Guard |
|
