Lanark facts for kids

Quick facts for kids Lanark Scottish Gaelic: Lannraig Scots: Lanrik
Lanark High Street, August 2006
Coat of Arms of the Royal Burgh of Lanark
Lanark
Population	8,880 (2020)
OS grid reference	NS8843
• Edinburgh	29+1⁄2 miles (47.5 km)
• London	325 miles (523 km)
Council area	South Lanarkshire
Lieutenancy area	Lanarkshire
Country	Scotland
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Post town	LANARK
Postcode district	ML11
Dialling code	01555
Police	Strathclyde
Fire	Strathclyde
Ambulance	Scottish
EU Parliament	Scotland
UK Parliament	Lanark and Hamilton East
Scottish Parliament	Clydesdale
List of places UK Scotland 55°40′30″N 3°46′37″W / 55.674903°N 3.777019°W / 55.674903; -3.777019

Lanark ( Scottish Gaelic: Lannraig Scots: Lanrik) is a town in South Lanarkshire, Scotland, located 20 kilometres to the south-east of Hamilton. The town lies on the River Clyde, at its confluence with Mouse Water. In 2016, the town had a population of 9,050.

Lanark has been a royal burgh since 1140, and was historically the county town of Lanarkshire, though in modern times this title belongs to Hamilton. Notable landmarks nearby include New Lanark, the Corra Linn and the site of Lanark Castle.

Lanark railway station and coach station have frequent services to Glasgow. There is little industry in Lanark and some residents commute to work in Glasgow and Edinburgh. Its shops serve the local agricultural community and surrounding villages. There is a large modern livestock auction market on the outskirts of the town.

History

Lanark has served as an important market town since medieval times, and King David I made it a Royal Burgh in 1140, giving it certain mercantile privileges relating to government and taxation. King David I realised that greater prosperity could result from encouraging trade. He decided to create a chain of new towns across Scotland. These would be centres of Norman civilisation in a largely Celtic country, and would be established in such a way as to encourage the development of trade within their area. These new towns were to be known as Burghs. Bastides were established in France for much the same reason.

When a site had been selected for a new town the King’s surveyors would lay out an area for the town’s market. Each merchant who came to the town was granted a plot of land (usually rent free for the first few years) bordering on the marketplace. These plots were known as feus or rigs. Each feu in a burgh was the same size, though the size varied between burghs. In Forres in the north of Scotland each feu was 24 feet 10 inches (7.57 m) wide and 429 feet (131 m) deep. The layout of the feus in Lanark can still be easily seen between the north side of Lanark High Street (the former market place) and North Vennel, a lane which runs behind the feus. A motte and bailey castle was also constructed at the bottom of Castlegate.

Lanark had four town gates, West Port, East port, Wellgate and Castlegate. West Port gate was demolished in the 1770s.

The first aviation meeting to be held in Scotland was held at Lanark Racecourse between 6 and 13 August 1910. This location was chosen because the land was relatively flat, the racecourse already had facilities for a paying public, there were stables to act as hangars for the aeroplanes and the racecourse was accessible by both road and by rail, especially as The Caledonian Railway Company were prepared to construct a new station near the main entrance. The aeroplanes were transported to the meeting by rail, as aviation technology at the time was not advanced enough to safely fly there. The Lanark meeting took place shortly after a similar event in Bournemouth at which Charles Rolls lost his life. Influenced by this, it was decided that no aircraft would fly closer than 300 yards (270 m) away from the spectators. For the first time, aeroplanes were accurately timed over a straight measured distance, allowing the first world records to be set, covering flights over 1 mile (1.6 km). The meeting was described by The Aero magazine as 'the most successful yet held in Britain'.

A permanent military presence was established in the town with the completion of Winston Barracks in 1930.

Landmarks

Gas lamp known as the "Provost's Lamp"

Visitors to the town can visit the nearby World Heritage Site of New Lanark, close to the Falls of Clyde, the Corehouse estate and the Scottish Wildlife Trust's Corehouse Nature Reserve.

The Lanark Museum is located in West Port, inside the YMCA building.

A large boating lake, Lanark Loch, adjoins Lanark Golf Club which has a lovely and historic 18 hole course for more experienced golf players and a 9-hole golf course. The former racecourse now offers pony-trekking activities.

The town's Castlebank Park lies near the former site of Lanark Castle, and allows access to the River Clyde and the Clyde Walkway.

An ornate gas lamp, known as the 'Provost's Lamp' stands at the bottom of the high street. The lamp used to be placed outside the home of whoever was Provost of Lanark at the time.

One of the churches in the town bears the name of The Old Church of St Kentigern (perhaps better known as St Mungo), who set up many medieval churches in the Scottish Lowlands, including Glasgow, and died c.612 AD. The town's cemetery stands on the site of The Old Church of St Kentigern, and includes many Covenanter graves.

St. Nicholas' Church

St. Nicolas' Parish Church stands at the bottom of the high street. The church bell is believed to date from 1110, and may be one of the oldest church bells in the world. It was moved from The Old Church of St Kentigern when St. Nicolas's Church was built in 1774. It has been recast four times, including 1659 and 1983. There is an 8-foot (2.45 m) statue of William Wallace in the steeple. This was sculpted by Robert Forrest, from an ancient drawing in the possession of the Society of Antiquaries.

Lanark Lanimer Day

Lanark Gala Day, 2006

This historic background forms the basis for the Lanark Lanimers celebrations, which take place each year for one week in June. Local primary schoolchildren elect a Lanark Lanimer Queen and court; and a Lord Cornet is chosen from local businessmen. On the Monday night the Perambulation of the Marches takes place, when townspeople turn out to walk around half the town boundary, following the Lord Cornets past and present as they inspect the border-stones. Traditionally, the townspeople carry "birks", which are small branches of birch trees cut from the woods at the Glenburnie estate. This tradition was started in 1948 by Joseph Doolan, whose family owned the land. The other half of the boundary is inspected on the Wednesday night, again led by the Lord Cornet accompanied by many local riders who participate in the Riding of the Marches, locally referred to as the Rideout. On the Thursday morning, schools and other organisations parade before the Lanark Lanimer Queen in themed dress, accompanied by pipe bands. The best floats win prizes, and after the parade the crowning of the Queen takes place on a temporary stand erected in front of St Nicholas' Church, under the statue of William Wallace. The Queen holds a reception party in the town's Memorial Hall on the Thursday and Friday nights, where children perform songs and dances.

Music

Pipe Bands: Lanark & District Pipe Band previously had two units which competed in competitions run by the Royal Scottish Pipe Band Association - one competing in grade 4b and one in grade 3a, having been upgraded from 4b to 4a to 3b to 3a in consecutive years from 2004. In the 1980s, the band competed as high as grade 2 and as of 2011, the band is thriving in numbers and competes in Grade 4b.

The 'Music in Lanark' programme began in 2000 with the aim of bringing a variety of the highest quality live music to the town. In the first five years there were three classical concerts, one jazz concert and one traditional (Scottish) music concert. The programme continues to grow.

Climate

As with the rest of the British Isles and Scotland, Lanark experiences a maritime climate with cool summers and mild winters. In terms of the local climate profile, Lanark's inland, rural, river valley setting means frost is very common, having been recorded in all months. Typically almost 100 nights will report a frost per year, and even in a statistically average year the temperature should fall to as low as −14.3 °C (6.3 °F) on the coldest night.

Notable Lanarkians

Other important figures in Lanark history include:

• Margaret Agnes Bunn, actress (1799–1883)
• William Smellie (1697–1763), obstetrician
• Lord Braxfield (1722–1799), High Court Judge
• John Glaister (1856–1932), forensic scientist
• The rallying family of Jimmy, Alister and Colin McRae
• Robert (Rab) Douglas, Scotland and former Celtic F.C. goalkeeper,
• Stephen McManus, Scotland and Middlesbrough defender
• Walter Smith, Scotland and Rangers manager
• Henry Smith, Scotland and Hearts goalkeeper
• Billy Ritchie Rock music's first lead keyboard player, born in Lanark
• Lee Miller, Carlisle United striker
• Dougie Imrie, St Mirren midfielder, started career with Lanark United
• Stephen Pearson, Derby County midfielder, formerly of Motherwell
• Johnny Reid, a Scottish/Canadian country music singer, who has two platinum albums and one gold album in Canada
• Darren Smith, former Motherwell winger
• Stewart Greacen (born 1988), footballer on Rangers F.C.
• John Downie, (1925–2013) Inside forward for Manchester United 1949–1953
• Chic McSherry OBE, the entrepreneur, musician and author was born in Lanark
• Andrew Sharkey, Chief Commissioner of Scouts Scotland and previous Camp Chief of the **Blair Atholl International Scout Jamborette

Religion

The religious buildings of Lanark are exclusively Christian, but cover a wide array of Christian denominations. At present, the following religious buildings still exist and remain in use:

• Christ Church
• EU Congregational Church
• Gospel Hall
• Greyfriars Parish Church
• Kingdom Hall of Jehovah's Witnesses
• St Mary's Roman Catholic Church
• St Nicholas Parish Church

The following buildings remain in Lanark, but are no longer used for religious purposes:

• Murray Chapel - in a state of disrepair, this church is within the council's St Catherine cemetery.
• St Kentigern's Church (Hope Street) - converted to and now used as office space and residences.
• St Kentigern's Church (Hyndford Road) - now in ruins, this church sits in the council-run St Kentigern's cemetery.

Finally, these buildings no longer exist:

• St Leonard's Church - space now occupied by Job Centre Plus Office.

Gallery

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  Town centre

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  High Street

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  Lanimers

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  Lanimers

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  Wellgate

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  Girnin Dug

Images for kids

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  Colonel Duncan Carter-Campbell and HM Queen Elizabeth II inspecting the guard of honour of the Cameronians (Scottish Rifles) during the Queen's visit to Lanark in June 1953

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  Gas lamp known as the "Provost's Lamp"

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  High Street

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  The "Girnin Dug" statue of a dog erected as a reproach to a neighbour suspected of poisoning the pet

See also

In Spanish: Lanark para niños