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City of Novato
Hamilton AFB HQ.jpg
Novato3 (cropped).jpg
Novato6.jpg
Unity In Marin, Hamilton Field, Novato, California USA (cropped) (cropped).jpg
Clockwise from left: Marin Museum of Contemporary Art; City Hall; Unity Church; Downtown Novato.
Location in Marin County and California
Location in Marin County and California
Novato, California is located in the United States
Novato, California
Novato, California
Location in the United States
Country United States
State California
County Marin
Incorporated January 20, 1960
Area
 • Total 27.99 sq mi (72.48 km2)
 • Land 27.48 sq mi (71.16 km2)
 • Water 0.51 sq mi (1.32 km2)  1.85%
Elevation
30 ft (9 m)
Population
 (2020)
 • Total 53,225
 • Density 1,901.6/sq mi (734.34/km2)
 • Demonym
Novatonian
Time zone UTC−8 (Pacific)
 • Summer (DST) UTC−7 (PDT)
ZIP codes
94945, 94947–94949, 94998
Area codes 415/628
FIPS code 06-52582
GNIS feature IDs 277612, 2411283

Novato (Spanish for "Novatus") is a city in Marin County, California, in the North Bay region of the Bay Area. At the 2020 census, Novato had a population was 53,225.

History

What is now Novato was originally the site of several Coast Miwok villages: Chokecherry, near downtown Novato, Puyuku, near Ignacio, and Olompali, at the present Olompali State Historic Park.

In 1839 the Mexican government granted the 8,876-acre (35.92 km2) Rancho Novato to Fernando Feliz. The rancho was named after a local Miwok leader who had probably been given the name of Saint Novatus at his baptism. Subsequently, four additional land grants were made in the area; Rancho Corte Madera de Novato to John Martin in 1839, Rancho San Jose to Ignacio Pacheco in 1840, Rancho Olompali awarded in 1843 to Camilo Ynitia, son of a Coast Miwok chief, and Rancho Nicasio, by far the largest at 56,621 acres (229.1 km2), awarded to Pablo de la Guerra and John B.R. Cooper in 1844. Novato, along with the rest of California, became part of the United States on February 2, 1848. Early pioneers included Joseph Sweetser and Francis De Long who bought 15,000 acres (61 km2) in the mid-1850s and planted orchards and vineyards.

The first post office at Novato opened in 1856; it closed in 1860, and a new post office opened in 1891.

The first school was built in 1859 at the corner of Grant Avenue at what is today Redwood Boulevard.

The original town was located around Novato Creek at what is now South Novato Boulevard. A railroad was built in 1879, connecting Novato to Sonoma County and San Rafael. The area around the train depot became known as New Town, and forms the edge of what today is Old Town Novato. The current depot was built in 1917, but closed in 1959 and is largely derelict. The depot consisted of two buildings, a warehouse and a station. The warehouse burned twice in the intervening years. Behind the rail station/warehouse complex was a grain and feed mill complex. The mill complex along with the warehouse portion of the rail station was torn down in late 2007 to make way for public parking and a Whole Foods/high density housing development, while the derelict station is still standing.

A Presbyterian church, still a landmark in Novato today, was built in 1896. Until 2006 it housed a number of city offices, but was vacated that year due to safety concerns and condemned. The church has since been renovated. A new city center complex has been erected adjacent to the old City Hall

The Great Depression of the 1930s had a marked effect on the area as many farmers lost their land. After World War II, Novato grew quickly with the construction of tract homes and a freeway. As the area was unincorporated much of the growth was unplanned and uncontrolled. Novato was finally incorporated as a city in 1960. One of the most important venues of the time (1960 to 1965) was "Western Weekend". Beard growing contests sponsored by Bob's Barber Shop and many other odd activities helped to bring this community together.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 28.0 square miles (73 km2). 27.4 square miles (71 km2) of it is land and 0.5 square miles (1.3 km2) of it (1.85%) is water.

Major geographical features nearby include Mount Burdell and Mount Burdell Open Space Preserve to the north and Big Rock Ridge to the southwest. Stafford Lake to the west is a secondary water supply for Novato, with the Russian River in Sonoma County to the north supplying most of the city's water. Novato includes ten Marin County Open Space District preserves: Mount Burdell, Rush Creek, Little Mountain, Verissimo Hills, Indian Tree, Deer Island, Indian Valley, Ignacio Valley, Loma Verde, and Pacheco Valle.

Climate

Novato6
Historic Landmark. Cafeteria in the city center

Official weather observations were taken at Hamilton Air Force Base through 1964. Average January temperatures were a maximum of 53.6 °F (12.0 °C) and a minimum of 38.7 °F (3.7 °C). Average July temperatures were a maximum of 79.9 °F (26.6 °C) and a minimum of 52.0 °F (11.1 °C). There were an average of 12.4 days with highs of 90 °F (32 °C) or higher and an average of 12.5 days with lows of 32 °F (0 °C) or lower. The record high temperature was 107 °F (42 °C) on September 9, 1944. The record low temperature was 16 °F (−9 °C) in December 2013. Average annual precipitation was 25.49 inches (64.7 cm). The wettest year was 1940 with 46.63 inches (118.4 cm) and the driest year was 2014 with 6.35 inches (16.1 cm). The most rainfall in one month was 18.87 inches (47.9 cm) in December 1955. The most rainfall in 24 hours was 10.55 inches (26.8 cm) between December 10, 2014 - December 11, 2014.

Today, the nearest National Weather Service cooperative weather station is in San Rafael, where records date back to 1894. Compared to records from Hamilton Air Force Base, San Rafael is generally several degrees warmer than Novato and has an average of about 10 inches (25 cm) more rainfall. The record high temperature in San Rafael was 110 °F (43 °C) on September 7, 1904, and June 14, 1961. The record low temperature was 20 °F (−7 °C) on December 26, 1967.

Demographics

Historical population
Census Pop.
1960 17,881
1970 31,006 73.4%
1980 43,916 41.6%
1990 47,585 8.4%
2000 47,630 0.1%
2010 51,904 9.0%
2020 53,225 2.5%
U.S. Decennial Census

2010

At the 2010 census Novato had a population of 51,904. The population density was 1,856.6 people per square mile (716.8/km2). The racial makeup of Novato was 39,443 (76.0%) White, 1,419 (2.7%) African American, 286 (0.6%) Native American, 3,428 (6.6%) Asian, 117 (0.2%) Pacific Islander, 4,693 (9.0%) from other races, and 2,518 (4.9%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 11,046 persons (21.3%).

The census reported that 51,278 people (98.8% of the population) lived in households, 449 (0.9%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 177 (0.3%) were institutionalized.

There were 21,279 households, 6,679 (32.9%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 10,393 (51.3%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 2,237 (11.0%) had a female householder with no husband present, 854 (4.2%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 1,010 (5.0%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 195 (1.0%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 5,358 households (26.4%) were one person and 2,415 (11.9%) had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.53. There were 13,484 families (66.5% of households); the average family size was 3.04.

The age distribution was 11,769 people (22.7%) under the age of 18, 3,355 people (6.5%) aged 18 to 24, 12,743 people (24.6%) aged 25 to 44, 15,914 people (30.7%) aged 45 to 64, and 8,123 people (15.7%) who were 65 or older. The median age was 42.6 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.1 males.

There were 21,158 housing units at an average density of 756.8 per square mile, of the occupied units 13,591 (67.0%) were owner-occupied and 6,688 (33.0%) were rented. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.0%; the rental vacancy rate was 4.7%. 33,252 people (64.1% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 18,026 people (34.7%) lived in rental housing units.

2000

Marin Museum of Contemporary Art (MOCA) with metal sculpture
Marin Museum of Contemporary Art.

At the 2000 census there were 47,630 people in 18,524 households, including 12,411 families, in the city. The population density was 1,719.2 inhabitants per square mile (663.9/km2). There were 18,994 housing units at an average density of 685.6 per square mile (264.8/km2). The racial makeup of the city in 2010 was 65.8% non-Hispanic White American, 2.5% non-Hispanic Black American, 0.2% Native American, 6.5% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 0.3% from other races, and 3.2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 21.3%.

Of the 18,524 households 32.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.7% were married couples living together, 10.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.0% were non-families. 25.2% of households were one person and 9.3% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.52 and the average family size was 3.01.

The age distribution was 23.1% under the age of 18, 6.4% from 18 to 24, 29.9% from 25 to 44, 27.5% from 45 to 64, and 13.0% 65 or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.3 males.

The median household income was $63,453 and the median family income was $74,434 (these figures had risen to $78,895 and $91,890 respectively as of a 2007 estimate). Males had a median income of $55,822 versus $40,287 for females. The per capita income for the city was $32,402. About 3.1% of families and 5.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.1% of those under age 18 and 4.0% of those age 65 or over.

Culture

Economy

Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California -- campus, as seen from Hwy 101
The Buck Institute for Research on Aging is a world leader on aging-associated diseases research.
The old theater on Hamilton Field (cropped)
The historic Hamilton Theatre.
Fashion Shop 800 Grant Ave Novato CA 3-21-2010 5-50-37 PM
Doctor Insomniac's Coffee, a Historic Landmark on Grant Avenue

The city is home to the Buck Institute for Research on Aging, and several biotech firms, such as Biosearch Technologies, BioMarin Pharmaceutical and Ultragenyx. Several small technology companies are also based in Novato, such as 2K, Radiant Logic, Toys For Bob, One Legal, International Genetics Incorporated, Channel Management Solutions, Enwisen, Sonic Solutions and DriveSavers.

The former Hamilton Air Force Base is also located in Novato, but was decommissioned in 1974 and designated a Historic District in 1998. After lying stagnant for many years, major renovations were pushed through by then-mayor Michael DiGiorgio. As of 2008 the base has largely been redeveloped into single-family homes. The former hangar buildings were gutted and redeveloped into two-story office buildings; tenants include 2K Sports, Sony Imageworks, Visual Concepts, The Republic of Tea, Toys For Bob, and Birkenstock Distribution USA.

From 1983 to 1998, the iconic developer of video games, Brøderbund Software, was headquartered in Novato, known through games Choplifter, Lode Runner, Karateka, and Prince of Persia, and others. From the 1982 until 2015, Novato was headquarters for Fireman's Fund Insurance Company, which was Marin County's largest employer at one time, with 2,400 employees as of 2000. By 2015, the company had laid off or transferred most its employees and relocated its remaining employees to a smaller headquarters in nearby Petaluma.

In Eastern Novato, north of Hamilton, there are several hayfields contributing to the local economy, but they are diminishing as more and more of them are restored to wetlands.

Top employers
Villas at Hamilton apartments
The Villas at Hamilton.

As of 2018–19 the city's principal employers were:

# Employer # of Employees % of Total City Employed
1 BioMarin Pharmaceutical 1005 3.56%
2 Novato Unified School District 803 2.85%
3 2K/Visual Concepts 660 2.34%
4 Bradley Electric 342 1.21%
5 Costco Wholesale 316 1.12%
6 Novato Community Hospital 304 1.08%
7 City of Novato 290 1.03%
8 Ultragenyx 275 0.98%
9 Safeway Stores 250 0.89%
10 Novato Healthcare Center 233 0.83%

Education

Novato is served by the Novato Unified School District. Notable public high schools include Novato High School and San Marin High School. Novato Charter School is a charter school in Novato.

Transportation

Southbound train at Novato Downtown station (2), November 2019 (cropped)
Novato Downtown station is served by Sonoma–Marin Area Rail Transit.

Major highways in Novato include U.S. Route 101 and California State Route 37, and major roads in Novato include Atherton Avenue, Novato Boulevard, San Marin Drive, and Ignacio Boulevard.

Sonoma–Marin Area Rail Transit (SMART) operates three commuter rail stations in Novato: San Marin / Atherton station, Hamilton station, and Novato Downtown station. Novato is also served by several bus routes of Golden Gate Transit and Marin Transit, with a transit center in the downtown area, which serves 2 Golden Gate Transit routes and 6 Marin Transit routes.

Notable people

  • Joe Rosenthal, photographer of Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima, Pulitzer Prize winner
  • Elmo Shropshire, veterinarian and musician known for the Christmas song "Grandma Got Run Over by a Reindeer".
  • Rebecca Solnit, author, memoirist, essayist
  • Emil Kakkis, President and CEO of Ultragenyx Pharmaceutical Inc.
  • Jared Goff, NFL quarterback
  • Juan Alderete, Grammy Award-winning bassist for The Mars Volta and former bassist of Racer X
  • Manny Wilkins, NFL quarterback
  • Yvonne Cagle, NASA astronaut
  • Ralph Barbieri, sports journalist and host of The Razor and Mr. T on KNBR
  • Brent Moore, former NFL linebacker
  • Brad Muster, NFL and Stanford University running back
  • Nick Rolovich, head football coach for the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa
  • Mike Moroski, former NFL quarterback and current head football coach for The College of Idaho
  • Wil Dasovich, television personality
  • Sandy Pearlman, music producer and critic
  • Ellen Estes, Olympic Water Polo player
  • Lefty Gomez, pitcher for the New York Yankees and the Washington Senators during the 1930s and 1940s, member of the Baseball Hall of Fame
  • Cynthia Harvey, ballet dancer and educator

Images for kids

See also

Kids robot.svg In Spanish: Novato (California) para niños

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