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Vice President of Peru facts for kids

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First Vice President and
Second Vice President of
the Republic of Peru
Gran Sello de la República del Perú
Great Seal of the State
Incumbent
First Vice President:
Vacant (latest incumbent Dina Boluarte)
Second Vice President:
Vacant (latest incumbent Mercedes Aráoz)

since 7 December 2022 (First)
and 7 May 2020 (Second)
Residence Government Palace
Appointer Only direct popular election
Term length Five years, renewable non-consecutively
Inaugural holder Diego de Aliaga (1823)
Juan Antonio Pezet and Pedro Diez Canseco (1862)
Formation 1823 (Vice President)
1862 (First Vice President and Second Vice President)
Succession First and Second

The Republic of Peru has two important leaders called vice presidents. These are the First Vice President and the Second Vice President. They are chosen by the people in democratic elections at the same time as the President.

Their main job is to step in for the President if something happens. This could be if the President resigns, is unable to do their job, or is removed from office. They cannot be chosen for this role outside of general elections. The First Vice President is first in line to become President, and the Second Vice President is second. After them, the leader of Congress is next in line.

In recent Peruvian history, two First Vice Presidents have become President. Martín Vizcarra became President in 2018 after President Pedro Pablo Kuczynski stepped down. Later, Dina Boluarte became President in 2022 after President Pedro Castillo tried to change the government and was removed from his position.

Historically, Peru used to have only one Vice President. This was the case from 1829 to 1831 and again from 1858 to 1862. Since 1862, Peru has had both a First and a Second Vice President.

Currently, both the First and Second Vice President positions are empty. The last First Vice President was Dina Boluarte. The last Second Vice President was Mercedes Aráoz.

A Look Back: How the Role Changed

The First Vice President Role

The idea of a Vice President in Peru first appeared in the country's Constitution of 1823. This document said that a Vice President would take over if the President died, resigned, or was removed from office.

Other constitutions, like those from 1826 and 1828, also mentioned a single Vice President. However, the Constitution of 1834 removed this role. It was brought back later by the Constitution of 1856.

Two Vice Presidents: First and Second

The Constitution of 1860 created the two Vice President positions: First and Second. These two leaders were elected at the same time as the President. They had to meet the same requirements and serve for the same amount of time.

A later constitution in 1867 tried to reduce the power of the vice presidents. But this constitution did not last long. The Constitution of 1860 was brought back after a successful revolution that same year.

The positions of vice presidents were removed again by the Constitution of 1920. The Constitution of 1933 also did not include them. However, the role was restored by law in 1936. In 1939, people voted to make the First and Second Vice President roles a permanent part of the constitution again.

The current Constitution of 1993, which was put in place by President Alberto Fujimori, still recognizes the two Vice President positions in the government.

In recent times, the First Vice President has stepped up to become President twice. Martín Vizcarra became President in 2018 after President Pedro Pablo Kuczynski resigned. Dina Boluarte became President in 2022 after President Pedro Castillo was removed from office. No Second Vice President has recently become President.

Who Are the Current Vice Presidents?

The position of First Vice President is currently empty. The last person to hold this job was Dina Boluarte. She served until December 7, 2022, when she became President after Pedro Castillo was removed from office.

The position of Second Vice President is also empty. This is because President Castillo's chosen Second Vice President, Vladimir Cerrón, was not allowed to run in the 2021 election. He had been in prison for corruption.

The last Second Vice President was Mercedes Aráoz. She held the office until her resignation was accepted on May 7, 2020. Before that, in September 2019, the Peruvian Congress had a big disagreement with President Martín Vizcarra. Congress named Aráoz as Acting President. But Aráoz supported President Vizcarra's decision to call for new elections. So, she resigned as Second Vice President to make sure Vizcarra was the only person claiming the presidency. Her resignation was officially accepted much later, in May 2020, by a newly elected Congress.

List of Peru's Vice Presidents

Portrait Pos. Vice President Political party Inaugurated Left office President Notes
- Diego de Aliaga November 1823 February 1824 José Bernardo de Tagle
Msalazaryb.png - Manuel Salazar y Baquíjano August 1827 June 1829 José de la Mar
Agutierrezf.png - Antonio Gutiérrez de la Fuente 1 September 1829 16 April 1831 Agustín Gamarra
Juan Manuel del Mar.JPG - Juan Manuel del Mar 24 October 1858 16 June 1862 Ramón Castilla
President Pezet.jpg First Juan Antonio Pezet Military 24 October 1862 5 August 1863 Miguel de San Román
Pedro Diez Canseco.jpg Second Pedro Diez Canseco
Mariano Herencia Zevallos.jpg First Mariano Herencia Zevallos Military 2 August 1868 27 July 1872 José Balta
Francisco Diez Canseco.jpg Second Francisco Diez Canseco
Manuel Costas Arce.jpg First Manuel Costas Arce Civilista Party 2 August 1872 2 August 1876 Manuel Pardo y Lavalle
Second Francisco Garmendia Puértolas
Luis La Puerta-modified.png First Luis La Puerta 2 August 1876 18 December 1879 Mariano Ignacio Prado
Second José Francisco Canevaro
LizardoMontero.jpg First Lizardo Montero Flores 12 March 1881 6 November 1881 Francisco García Calderón
Andrés Avelino Cáceres.jpg Second Andrés Avelino Cáceres
Remigio Morales Bermudez 3.jpg First Remigio Morales Bermúdez Constitutional Party 3 June 1886 10 August 1890 Andrés Cáceres
Aurelio Denegri.jpg Second Aurelio Denegri
Pedro Alejandrino del Solar.jpg First Pedro Alejandrino del Solar Constitutional Party 10 August 1890 1 April 1894 Remigio Morales Bermúdez
Justiniano Borgoño 3.jpg Second Justiniano Borgoño
Cesar Canevaro.jpg First César Canevaro Constitutional Party 10 August 1894 20 March 1895 Andrés Cáceres
Cesareo Chacaltana.JPG Second Cesáreo Chacaltana Reyes
Guillermo Billinghurst 3.jpg First Guillermo Billinghurst Democratic Party 8 September 1895 8 September 1899 Nicolás de Piérola
Second Augusto Seminario Váscones
IsaacAlzamora.jpg First Isaac Alzamora Alianza Civil-Demócrata 8 September 1899 8 September 1903 Eduardo López de Romaña
Second Federico Bresani
Lino Alarco.jpg First Lino Alarco Brediñana Civilista Party - - Manuel Candamo Died 13 June 1903 before taking office
SerapioCalderon.jpg Second Serapio Calderón 8 September 1903 7 May 1904
José Salvador Cavero.jpg First José Salvador Cavero Ovalle Civilista Party 24 September 1904 24 September 1908 José Pardo y Barreda
SerapioCalderon.jpg Second Serapio Calderón 1907
Eugenio Larrabure y Unanue.tif First Eugenio Larrabure y Unanue Civilista Party 24 September 1908 24 September 1912 Augusto Leguía
Belisario Sosa.jpg Second Belisario Sosa Constitutional Party
Roberto Leguía.jpg First Roberto Leguía Civilista Party 24 September 1912 4 February 1914 Guillermo Billinghurst
Miguel Echenique.JPG Second Miguel Echenique
Ricardo Bentín.jpg First Ricardo Bentín Sánchez Alianza Civil-Constitucional-Liberal 18 August 1915 4 July 1919 José Pardo y Barreda
Meliton Carvajal.jpg Second Melitón Carvajal
Cesar Canevaro.jpg First César Canevaro 12 October 1919 31 October 1922 Augusto Leguía
Agustín de la Torre González.jpg Second Agustín de la Torre González 12 October 1924
Ernesto Montagne Markholz.jpg First Ernesto Montagne Markholz Peruvian Army 13 April 1936 8 December 1939 Óscar R. Benavides
Antonio Rodriguez Ramirez.jpg Second Antonio Rodríguez Ramírez
Rafael Larco Herrera.JPG First Rafael Larco Herrera Conservative 8 December 1939 28 July 1945 Manuel Prado Ugarteche
Carlos Diego Gibson Möller 2.jpg Second Carlos D. Gibson
José Gálvez 2.jpg First José Gálvez Barrenechea National Democratic Front 28 July 1945 29 October 1948 José Bustamante y Rivero
Second Eduardo Ganoza y Ganoza
Zenón Noriega.jpg - Zenón Noriega Agüero Peruvian Army 29 October 1948 1 June 1950 Manuel A. Odría De facto
Héctor Boza.jpg First Héctor Boza Odriíst National Union 28 July 1950 28 July 1956
Federico roberto bolognesi y bolognesi.jpg Second Federico Bolognesi
Luis Gallo Porras.jpg First Luis Gallo Porras Peruvian Democratic Movement 28 July 1956 18 July 1962 Manuel Prado Ugarteche
Second Carlos Moreyra y Paz Soldán
N. Lindley Lopez.jpg First Nicolás Lindley López Peruvian Army 18 July 1962 3 March 1963 Ricardo Pérez Godoy De facto
Second Pedro Vargas Prada De facto
Vp-peru-0035a.jpg First Edgardo Seoane Corrales Popular Action 28 July 1963 3 October 1968 Fernando Belaúnde Terry
Second Mario Polar Ugarteche Christian Democracy
Edgardo Mercado Jarrín.jpg - Luis Edgardo Mercado Jarrín Peruvian Army 3 October 1968 30 August 1975 Juan Velasco Alvarado De facto
- Pedro Richter Prada 30 August 1975 28 July 1980 Francisco Morales Bermúdez De facto
First Fernando Schwalb Popular Action 28 July 1980 28 July 1985 Fernando Belaúnde Terry
Jaoap12 (cropped).jpg Second Javier Alva Orlandini
First Luis Alberto Sánchez Peruvian Aprista Party 28 July 1985 28 July 1990 Alan García Pérez
Luis Alva Castro 070809-N-8704K-125 0X1WO.jpg Second Luis Alva Castro
Máximo San Román.png First Máximo San Román Change 90 28 July 1990 5 April 1992 Alberto Fujimori
Second Carlos García y García
MINISTERIO DE DEFENSA Y SOCIEDAD NACIONAL DE INDUSTRIAS FIRMARON CONVENIO A FAVOR DE POBLACIONES VULNERABLES.jpg First Ricardo Márquez Flores Change 90-New Majority 28 July 1995 28 July 2000
Second César Paredes Canto
Francisco Tudela 2015.jpg First Francisco Tudela Peru 2000 28 July 2000 22 November 2000 Resigned.
MINISTERIO DE DEFENSA Y SOCIEDAD NACIONAL DE INDUSTRIAS FIRMARON CONVENIO A FAVOR DE POBLACIONES VULNERABLES.jpg Second Ricardo Márquez Flores
Raúl Diez Canseco Terry.jpg First Raúl Diez Canseco Popular Action 28 July 2001 14 December 2004 Alejandro Toledo Manrique Resigned
David Waisman.jpg Second David Waisman Possible Peru 28 July 2006
Sesión del Pleno 05052011 - Luis Giampietri (cropped).jpg First Luis Giampietri Peruvian Aprista Party 28 July 2006 28 July 2011 Alan García Pérez
Lourdes Mendoza del Solar 2010.jpg Second Lourdes Mendoza
Marisol Espinoza 2.jpg First Marisol Espinoza Peruvian Nationalist Party (until 2015)

Alliance for Progress (since 2015)

28 July 2011 28 July 2016 Ollanta Humala
Omar Chehade (cropped).jpg Second Omar Chehade Peruvian Nationalist Party 16 January 2012 Resigned
Martín Vizcarra em fevereiro de 2018.png First Martín Vizcarra Peruvians for Change 28 July 2016 23 March 2018 Pedro Pablo Kuczynski Succeeded Kuczynski as President
Mercedes Araoz.jpg Second Mercedes Aráoz Independent politician -
First Vacant 23 March 2018 10 November 2020 Martín Vizcarra Vacant upon Martín Vizcarra's accession to the presidency
Mercedes Araoz.jpg Second Mercedes Aráoz Independent politician - 7 May 2020 Submitted her resignation on 1 October 2019 amidst the 2019–2020 Peruvian constitutional crisis, but her resignation was not officially accepted by Congress until 7 May 2020
First Vacant 10 November 2020 15 November 2020 Manuel Merino
Second Vacant
First Vacant 17 November 2020 28 July 2021 Francisco Sagasti
Second Vacant
Dina Boluarte October 2022 (cropped).jpg First Dina Boluarte Free Peru (until 2022)
Independent (since 2022)
28 July 2021 7 December 2022 Pedro Castillo Succeeded Castillo as President
Second Vacant President Pedro Castillo's winning ticket in the 2021 election originally had Vladimir Cerrón as nominee for Second Vice President before Cerrón's removal from the ticket due to his conviction on corruption charges
First Vacant 7 December 2022 Dina Boluarte Vacant since Dina Boluarte's accession to the presidency
Second Vacant

See Also

  • List of current vice presidents
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