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Christopher Nolan

ChrisNolanBFI150224 (10 of 12) (53532289710) (cropped2).jpg
Nolan in 2024
Born
Christopher Edward Nolan

(1970-07-30) 30 July 1970 (age 54)
London, England
Citizenship
  • United Kingdom
  • United States
Alma mater University College London (BA)
Occupation
  • Film director
  • producer
  • screenwriter
Years active 1993–present
Organisation Syncopy Inc.
Works
  • Filmography
  • cinematic style
Spouse(s)
(m. 1997)
Children 4
Relatives
Awards Full list
Signature
Christopher Nolan Signature.svg

Sir Christopher Edward Nolan (born July 30, 1970) is a famous British and American filmmaker. He is known for making big Hollywood movies, called blockbusters, that have exciting and often complex stories. Many people think he is one of the most important filmmakers of the 21st century.

Nolan's films have earned over $6.6 billion around the world. This makes him one of the highest-earning film directors ever. He has won many awards, including two Academy Awards (also known as Oscars), a Golden Globe Award, and two British Academy Film Awards (BAFTAs). In 2019, he was made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE). In 2024, he was given a special honor called a knighthood for his amazing work in film.

Christopher Nolan became interested in filmmaking when he was very young. After studying English literature at University College London, he made several short films. His first full-length movie was Following (1998). He became known around the world with his second film, Memento (2000). Then, he started making movies for big studios, like Insomnia (2002).

He became a very well-known director with The Dark Knight trilogy (2005–2012). He also had great success with films like The Prestige (2006), Inception (2010), Interstellar (2014), and Dunkirk (2017). After his film Tenet (2020), Nolan started working with Universal Pictures. His movie Oppenheimer (2023) won him Academy Awards for Best Director and Best Picture.

Nolan's movies often explore big ideas like time, memory, and who we are. They often use interesting story structures, special effects that look real, and unique sounds. He has written many of his films with his brother, Jonathan. He also runs a film company called Syncopy Inc. with his wife, Emma Thomas.

Early Life and First Films

Christopher Edward Nolan was born in London, England, on July 30, 1970. His father was a British advertising executive, and his mother was an American flight attendant. He has two brothers, Matthew and Jonathan. The family spent summers in Evanston, Illinois, in the United States. Christopher Nolan has citizenship in both the UK and the US.

Flaxman Gallery, UCL
Nolan attended University College London and used its Flaxman Gallery for a scene in Inception (2010).

When he was growing up, Nolan loved movies like 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968) and Star Wars (1977). He started making films at age seven using his father's Super 8 camera. He would film his action figures and build sets from everyday items. His uncle, who worked at NASA, even sent him rocket launch footage to use in his films! From age 11, he knew he wanted to be a professional filmmaker.

Nolan went to University College London (UCL) to study English literature. He chose UCL because it had filmmaking equipment, like editing suites and 16mm film cameras. He was the president of the university's Film Society. With his girlfriend (and future wife) Emma Thomas, he showed movies to earn money. They used this money to make their own 16mm films during the summers.

Starting His Career

After finishing college in 1993, Nolan worked in film as a script reader and camera operator. He also directed films for companies. He made a short film called Larceny (1996), which was filmed in black and white over a weekend. It was shown at the Cambridge Film Festival. He also made another short film, Doodlebug (1997).

Nolan and Emma Thomas tried to make a full-length movie in the mid-1990s, but it didn't work out. Nolan found it hard to get his projects funded in the UK film industry.

First Feature Films

Soon after, Nolan came up with the idea for his first feature film, Following (1998). He wrote, directed, filmed, and edited it himself. The movie is about a young writer who follows strangers in London and gets pulled into a criminal world. Nolan was inspired by his own experience of his apartment being robbed. The film was made on a very small budget of about £3,000. Most of the cast and crew were his friends, and they filmed on weekends for a year. Following won several awards and was praised by critics.

The success of Following helped Nolan make Memento (2000), which became his big breakthrough. His brother Jonathan gave him the idea for the story: a man with severe memory loss who uses notes and tattoos to find his wife's killer. Nolan wrote the screenplay, telling the story backward. The film was made for $4.5 million and earned $40 million. Critics loved Memento, praising its unique story and cleverness. It earned Nolan nominations for an Academy Award and a Golden Globe. In 2001, Nolan and Emma Thomas started their film production company, Syncopy Inc..

Filmmaker Steven Soderbergh was impressed by Memento. He suggested Nolan direct the thriller Insomnia (2002) for Warner Bros. This film was a remake of a Norwegian movie. It starred Al Pacino, Robin Williams, and Hilary Swank. Insomnia received good reviews and earned $113 million worldwide. Critics praised how it explored ideas of right and wrong.

Becoming a Major Director

In 2003, Nolan decided to direct a new Batman film. He wanted to make it more realistic than previous comic book movies. He used many real stunts and miniature models instead of relying heavily on computer effects. Batman Begins (2005) was his biggest project yet. It starred Christian Bale as Batman and brought the superhero franchise back to life. The film was a huge success and was praised for its deep story.

Nolan then directed, co-wrote, and produced The Prestige (2006). This movie was based on a novel about two rival magicians in the 1800s. Nolan worked on the script with his brother Jonathan for five years. The film starred Hugh Jackman and Christian Bale. It received great reviews and earned over $109 million.

The Dark Knight European Premier - Leicester square2
Nolan (left) with the cast and crew of The Dark Knight at the 2008 European premiere in London

The Dark Knight (2008) was the sequel to Batman Begins. Nolan wanted to make it a big crime story about the city, including the police, justice system, and criminals. He used special IMAX cameras for parts of the film, making it one of the first major movies to do so. The Dark Knight is considered one of the best superhero films ever made. It earned over $1 billion worldwide. The film was nominated for eight Academy Awards and won two. Many people felt it should have been nominated for Best Picture. After this, the Academy changed its rules to allow more films to be nominated for Best Picture.

The success of The Dark Knight led Warner Bros. to let Nolan make Inception (2010). Nolan had the idea for this film almost a decade before it was released. He described it as a "sci-fi action movie set inside the mind." The film starred Leonardo DiCaprio and was a huge success with both critics and audiences. Many called it one of the best films of 2010. It explored deep ideas like dreams and reality. Inception earned over $836 million worldwide and won four Academy Awards.

Christopher Nolan, London, 2013 (crop)
Nolan at the 2013 premiere of Man of Steel in London

The Dark Knight Rises (2012) was Nolan's third and final Batman film. He worked with his brother and David S. Goyer to create a strong ending for the trilogy. The film was released to positive reviews and was a huge box office success, earning over $1 billion. Nolan also produced Man of Steel (2013), a film about Superman.

Later Films and Projects

Jonathan Nolan by Gage Skidmore
Nolan and his younger brother, Jonathan (pictured in 2017), wrote several screenplays together, including that of Interstellar.

Nolan's next film was the science-fiction movie Interstellar (2014). It was based on scientific theories by physicist Kip Thorne. The story follows astronauts who travel through a wormhole to find a new home for humanity. The film starred Matthew McConaughey and Anne Hathaway. It received positive reviews and earned $773 million worldwide. Interstellar was praised for its scientific accuracy.

Nolan also works to preserve films and help lesser-known filmmakers. He joined the board of The Film Foundation, an organization that saves old movies. He also helped create new prints of classic films, like Stanley Kubrick's 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968).

After producing Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice (2016) and Justice League (2017), Nolan directed Dunkirk (2017). This film is set during World War II in 1940 and shows the evacuation of Allied soldiers from the beaches of Dunkirk, France. Nolan wanted to make a very sensory film with little talking. He even asked Steven Spielberg for advice before filming. Dunkirk was a huge success and earned over $526 million worldwide, becoming the highest-grossing World War II film ever. Nolan received his first Oscar nomination for Best Director for this film.

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Nolan (right) with Keir Dullea, Katharina Kubrick, Ron Sanders and Jan Harlan at the 2018 Cannes Film Festival

Nolan's next film was the science fiction movie Tenet (2020). He had worked on the idea for over a decade. The film tells the story of a secret agent who travels through time to stop a global attack. Tenet was released during the COVID-19 pandemic. It earned $363 million worldwide. Critics praised its ambition and technical aspects, but some found the story confusing.

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Nolan at BFI Southbank in 2024

Nolan's 12th film was Oppenheimer (2023). This movie is a true story about J. Robert Oppenheimer and his role in creating the atom bomb. It was Nolan's first film with Universal Pictures. The film received amazing reviews. Many critics called it a masterpiece. Oppenheimer earned over $975 million worldwide, making it one of the highest-grossing films of 2023. Nolan won the Academy Awards for Best Director and Best Picture for Oppenheimer.

As of early 2025, Nolan is working on a new film with Universal Studios called The Odyssey. It is based on the ancient Greek poem by Homer. The film will follow Odysseus on his dangerous journey home after the Trojan War. It is expected to be Nolan's most expensive film yet and will be shot entirely on IMAX film.

Nolan's Filmmaking Style

National Film Registry logo vector
Two of Nolan's films (Memento and The Dark Knight) have been selected by the Library of Congress for preservation in the National Film Registry.

Christopher Nolan's films often explore big ideas like time, memory, and who we are as people. His movies often use clever story structures that don't always go in a straight line. He is known for using many real, practical special effects, models, and shooting on actual film, rather than relying only on computer-generated images (CGI). This makes his films look very unique.

Many people see Nolan as a director who makes "art house" films but on a huge, blockbuster scale. He combines exciting action with deep, thought-provoking ideas. Critics say he is one of the most talented living filmmakers because he can make popular movies that are also artistic and smart.

Awards and Recognition

Nolan has been nominated for many major awards. He has received eight Academy Award nominations (winning two), eight British Academy Film Awards nominations (winning two), and six Golden Globe Award nominations (winning one).

He has been recognized for his influence in the film industry. In 2015, Time magazine named him one of the 100 most influential people in the world. Two of his films, Memento and The Dark Knight, have been chosen by the US Library of Congress to be saved in the National Film Registry. This means they are considered very important culturally, historically, or artistically.

Many other famous directors, like Steven Spielberg and Martin Scorsese, have praised Nolan's work. They admire his unique vision and his ability to make big, exciting movies that are also very personal and intelligent.

Filmography

  • Following (1998)
  • Memento (2000)
  • Insomnia (2002)
  • Batman Begins (2005)
  • The Prestige (2006)
  • The Dark Knight (2008)
  • Inception (2010)
  • The Dark Knight Rises (2012)
  • Interstellar (2014)
  • Dunkirk (2017)
  • Tenet (2020)
  • Oppenheimer (2023)
  • The Odyssey (2026); filming

Honours

Christopher Nolan TCL
Nolan's hand and shoeprints in front of the Grauman's Chinese Theatre in Hollywood

Nolan has received many special honours. In 2006, he was named an Honorary Fellow of UCL, and in 2017, he received an honorary doctorate. In 2012, he became the youngest director to have his hand and footprints placed in front of the famous Grauman's Chinese Theatre in Los Angeles.

In 2019, he was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) for his contributions to film. In 2023, he received an award from the Federation of American Scientists for how he showed scientists in his film Oppenheimer. In 2024, he received the British Film Institute Fellowship and an Honorary César award. In March 2024, Christopher Nolan was made a knight bachelor, which means he is now called Sir Christopher Nolan. His wife, Emma Thomas, also received a special honour called a damehood.

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See also

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