Sui dynasty facts for kids

Quick facts for kids Sui 隋
581–618
Sui dynasty c.609
Administrative division of the Sui dynasty circa 610 AD
Capital	Daxing (581–605), Luoyang (605–618)
Common languages	Middle Chinese
Religion	Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism, Chinese folk religion, Zoroastrianism
Government	Monarchy
Emperor
• 581–604	Emperor Wen
• 604–617	Emperor Yang
Historical era	Postclassical Era
• Ascension of Yang Jian	4 March 581
• Abolished by Li Yuan	23 May 618
Area
589 est.	3,000,000 km2 (1,200,000 sq mi)
Population
• 609	est. 46,019,956
Currency	Chinese coin, Chinese cash
Preceded by Succeeded by Northern Zhou dynasty Chen dynasty Tang dynasty
Today part of	China Vietnam

Sui dynasty
Sui dynasty
"Sui dynasty" in Chinese characters
Chinese	隋朝
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Suí cháo Gwoyeu Romatzyh Swei chaur Wade–Giles Sui2 ch'ao2 Wu Romanization Zoe zau Yue: Cantonese Yale Romanization Chèuih chìuh Jyutping Ceoi4 ciu4 Southern Min Tâi-lô Suî-tiâo Middle Chinese Middle Chinese ziuᴇ ʈˠiᴇu

History of China
ANCIENT
Neolithic c. 8500 – c. 2070 BC
Xia dynasty c. 2070 – c. 1600 BC
Shang dynasty c. 1600 – c. 1046 BC
Zhou dynasty c. 1046 – 256 BC
Western Zhou
Eastern Zhou
Spring and Autumn
Warring States
IMPERIAL
Qin dynasty 221–206 BC
Han dynasty 206 BC – 220 AD
Western Han
Xin dynasty
Eastern Han
Three Kingdoms 220–280
Wei, Shu and Wu
Jin dynasty 265–420
Western Jin
Eastern Jin	Sixteen Kingdoms
Southern and Northern Dynasties 420–589
Sui dynasty 581–618
Tang dynasty 618–907
(Wu Zhou interregnum 690–705)
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms 907–960	Liao dynasty 907–1125
Song dynasty 960–1279
Northern Song		W. Xia
Southern Song	Jin
Yuan dynasty 1271–1368
Ming dynasty 1368–1644
Qing dynasty 1644–1911
MODERN
Republic of China 1912–1949
People's Republic of China 1949–present	Republic of China on Taiwan 1949–present
Related articles Chinese historiography Timeline of Chinese history Dynasties in Chinese history Linguistic history Art history Economic history Education history Science and technology history Legal history Media history Military history Naval history

The Sui dynasty (Chinese: 隋朝; pinyin: Suí cháo) was a short-lived imperial dynasty of China of pivotal significance. The Sui unified the Northern and Southern dynasties and reinstalled the rule of ethnic Chinese in the entirety of China proper, along with sinicization of former nomadic ethnic minorities (Five Barbarians) within its territory. It was succeeded by the Tang dynasty, which largely inherited its foundation.

Founded by Emperor Wen of Sui, the Sui dynasty capital was Chang'an (which was renamed Daxing, 581–605) and later Luoyang (605–618). Emperors Wen and Yang undertook various centralized reforms, most notably the equal-field system, intended to reduce economic inequality and improve agricultural productivity; the institution of the Three Departments and Six Ministries system; and the standardization and re-unification of the coinage. They also spread and encouraged Buddhism throughout the empire. By the middle of the dynasty, the newly unified empire entered a golden age of prosperity with vast agricultural surplus that supported rapid population growth.

A lasting legacy of the Sui dynasty was the Grand Canal. With the eastern capital Luoyang at the center of the network, it linked the west-lying capital Chang'an to the economic and agricultural centers of the east towards Hangzhou, and to the northern border near modern Beijing. While the pressing initial motives were for shipment of grains to the capital, and for transporting troops and military logistics, the reliable inland shipment links would facilitate domestic trades, flow of people and cultural exchange for centuries. Along with the extension of the Great Wall, and the construction of the eastern capital city of Luoyang, these mega projects, led by an efficient centralized bureaucracy, would amass millions of conscripted workers from the large population base, at heavy cost of human lives.

After a series of costly and disastrous military campaigns against Goguryeo, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea, ended in defeat by 614, the dynasty disintegrated under a series of popular revolts culminating in the assassination of Emperor Yang by his ministers in 618. The dynasty, which lasted only thirty-seven years, was undermined by ambitious wars and construction projects, which overstretched its resources. Particularly, under Emperor Yang, heavy taxation and compulsory labor duties would eventually induce widespread revolts and brief civil war following the fall of the dynasty.

The dynasty is often compared to the earlier Qin dynasty for unifying China after prolonged division. Wide-ranging reforms and construction projects were undertaken to consolidate the newly unified state, with long-lasting influences beyond their short dynastic reigns.

Related pages

• History of China

Images for kids

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  A Sui dynasty pilgrim flask made of stoneware.

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  A Sui dynasty stone statue of the Avalokitesvara Boddhisattva (Guanyin).

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  Chinese swords of the Sui dynasty, about 600, found near Luoyang. The P-shaped furniture of the bottom sword's scabbard is similar to and may have been derived from sword scabbards of the Sarmatians and Sassanians.

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  Strolling About in Spring, by Zhan Ziqian, Sui era artist.

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  Model of a Pipa Player, Sui Dynasty

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  Yang Guang depicted as Emperor of Sui.

See also

In Spanish: Dinastía Sui para niños