Surry County, Virginia facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Surry County
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The Surry County Courthouse and Confederate monument are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
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Location within the U.S. state of Virginia
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Virginia's location within the U.S.
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| Coordinates: Lua error in Module:Coordinates at line 610: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). | ||
| Country |  United States |
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| State |  Virginia |
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| Founded | 1652 | |
| Named for | Surrey | |
| Seat | Surry | |
| Largest town | Claremont | |
| Area | ||
| • Total | 310 sq mi (800 km2) | |
| • Land | 279 sq mi (720 km2) | |
| • Water | 31 sq mi (80 km2) 10.1% | |
| Population
(2010)
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| • Total | 7,058 | |
| • Estimate
(2018)
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6,474 | |
| • Density | 22.8/sq mi (8.79/km2) | |
| Time zone | UTC−5 (Eastern) | |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC−4 (EDT) | |
| Congressional district | 4th | |
Surry County is a county in the Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2010 census, the population was 7,058. Its county seat is Surry.
In 1652, Surry County was formed from the portion of James City County south of the James River. For more than 350 years it has depended on an agricultural economy. The county has 19 sites listed on the National Register, including a landmark occupied in 1676 known as Bacon's Castle and Chippokes Plantation (now a state park). The Jamestown Ferry provides easy access to Virginia's Historic Triangle, featuring Jamestown, Williamsburg, and Yorktown, linked by the National Park Service's Colonial Parkway.
The county is known for farming, curing Virginia Hams, and harvesting lumber, notably Virginia Pine.
Contents
History
During the Virginia Colony, Surry County was formed in 1652 from a portion of James City County (one of the original 8 counties formed in 1634) south of the James River. It was named for the English county of Surrey. Surry County initially consisted of two parishes of the Church of England: Lawne's Creek and Southwark.
Nearby, in 1665, Arthur Allen built a Jacobean brick house. A decade later it became known as Bacon's Castle because it was occupied as a fort or "castle" during Bacon's Rebellion against the Royal Governor, Sir William Berkeley. (Nathaniel Bacon never lived at Bacon's Castle, but rather at Curles Neck Plantation in Henrico County about 30 miles upriver on the northern bank of the James River).
The first town of Cobham was established in 1691 at the mouth of Gray's Creek, where it flows into the James River. Neighboring Sussex County was formed from the southwestern end of Surry County in 1754. After the American Revolutionary War, during which Tarleton's raiders looted the county, Surry County became part of the new Commonwealth of Virginia, one of the first 13 United States.
During the American Civil War (1861–1865), the Confederate Army included the Surry Light Artillery and the Surry Cavalry.
In 1873, a New Jersey timberman, David Steele, with financing from Baltimore interests, began a lumber business in Surry county, but went bankrupt a decade later. Baltimore investors, Waters and Company, incorporated the Surry Lumber Company in 1885. In 1886 it incorporated the Surry, Sussex and Southampton Railway, which delivered lumber to Scotland wharf on the James River (now the Jamestown Ferry terminal). The company (headquartered at Sedley, Virginia) and SS&S railroad grew, reaching their heyday around 1920. However, the company did not replant after it cut the old growth pine, and found further logging in the area difficult after 1925.
In 1927 it closed its mills in Dendron, Virginia, causing considerable economic distress in the county. The railway went bankrupt in 1930. Gray Lumber Company of Waverly, Virginia, which replanted its timber cuts, bought 15,000 acres from the Surry Lumber Company in 1941, and other companies soon bought the rest of the company's acreage.
The two-unit Surry Nuclear Power Plant was commissioned in 1972 and 1973, and expected to remain active until 2053.
Transportation
Major Highways
US 460
SR 10
SR 31
SR 40
State Route 31 and State Route 40 bisect the county. Its major artery is the historic path along the south bank of the James River now known as State Route 10 between Prince George County and Isle of Wight County.
Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 310 square miles (800 km2), of which 279 square miles (720 km2) is land and 31 square miles (80 km2) (10.1%) is water.
Adjacent counties
- Charles City County (northwest)
- Isle of Wight County (southeast)
- James City County (northeast)
- Prince George County (west)
- Southampton County (south)
- Sussex (southwest)
Demographics
| Historical population | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Census | Pop. | %± | |
| 1790 | 6,227 | — | |
| 1800 | 6,535 | 4.9% | |
| 1810 | 6,855 | 4.9% | |
| 1820 | 6,594 | −3.8% | |
| 1830 | 7,109 | 7.8% | |
| 1840 | 6,480 | −8.8% | |
| 1850 | 5,679 | −12.4% | |
| 1860 | 6,133 | 8.0% | |
| 1870 | 5,585 | −8.9% | |
| 1880 | 7,391 | 32.3% | |
| 1890 | 8,256 | 11.7% | |
| 1900 | 8,469 | 2.6% | |
| 1910 | 9,715 | 14.7% | |
| 1920 | 9,305 | −4.2% | |
| 1930 | 7,096 | −23.7% | |
| 1940 | 6,193 | −12.7% | |
| 1950 | 6,220 | 0.4% | |
| 1960 | 6,220 | 0.0% | |
| 1970 | 5,882 | −5.4% | |
| 1980 | 6,046 | 2.8% | |
| 1990 | 6,145 | 1.6% | |
| 2000 | 6,829 | 11.1% | |
| 2010 | 7,058 | 3.4% | |
| 2018 (est.) | 6,474 | −8.3% | |
| U.S. Decennial Census 1790-1960 1900-1990 1990-2000 2010-2013 |
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As of the census of 2010, there were 7,058 people, 2,619 households, and 1,917 families residing in the county. The population density was 24 people per square mile (9/km2). There were 3,294 housing units at an average density of 12 per square mile (5/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 51.3% White, 46.1% Black or African American, 0.3% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 0.0% Pacific Islander, 0.3% from other races, and 1.7% from two or more races. 1.2% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There were 2,619 households, out of which 30.50% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.50% were married couples living together, 14.10% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.80% were non-families. 23.70% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.10% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.61 and the average family size was 3.09.
In the county, the age distribution of the population shows 25.20% under the age of 18, 7.20% from 18 to 24, 27.80% from 25 to 44, 25.70% from 45 to 64, and 14.10% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.70 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.00 males.
The median income for a household in the county was $37,558, and the median income for a family was $41,234. Males had a median income of $31,123 versus $21,143 for females. The per capita income for the county was $16,682. About 9.70% of families and 10.80% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.40% of those under age 18 and 14.80% of those age 65 or over.
Points of interest
- Bacon's Castle
- Chippokes Plantation State Park
- Claremont Manor Plantation
- Jamestown-Scotland Ferry
- Surry Nuclear Power Plant
Communities
Towns
Census-designated place
Other unincorporated communities
Notable people
- Leslie Garland Bolling (1898-1955), Early 20th century African-American woodcarver
- Robert Butler (1784-1853), European-American politician and physician; served as Adjutant General of Virginia and State Treasurer of Virginia
- John Hartwell Cocke (1780-1866), European-American military officer, planter, and businessman
- Joseph T. Deal (1860-1942), Virginia politician and businessman
- Curtis W. Harris (1924-2017), minister, civil rights activist, and politician in Virginia
- Thomas Person (1733–1800), European-American politician and Anti-Federalist organizer
- Peyton Short (1761-1825), land speculator and politician in Kentucky
- Claude V. Spratley (1882-1976), Virginia jurist
- Karen Huger, Real Housewives of Potomac personality
