49 BC facts for kids
| Millennium: | 1st millennium BC |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 2nd century BC – 1st century BC – 1st century |
| Decades: | 70s BC 60s BC 50s BC – 40s BC – 30s BC 20s BC 10s BC |
| Years: | 52 BC 51 BC 50 BC – 49 BC – 48 BC 47 BC 46 BC |
| Gregorian calendar | 49 BC XLVIII BC |
| Ab urbe condita | 705 |
| Ancient Egypt era | XXXIII dynasty, 275 |
| - Pharaoh | Cleopatra VII, 3 |
| Ancient Greek era | 182nd Olympiad, year 4 |
| Assyrian calendar | 4702 |
| Balinese saka calendar | N/A |
| Bengali calendar | −641 |
| Berber calendar | 902 |
| Buddhist calendar | 496 |
| Burmese calendar | −686 |
| Byzantine calendar | 5460–5461 |
| Chinese calendar | 辛未年 (Metal Goat) 2648 or 2588 — to — 壬申年 (Water Monkey) 2649 or 2589 |
| Coptic calendar | −332 – −331 |
| Discordian calendar | 1118 |
| Ethiopian calendar | −56 – −55 |
| Hebrew calendar | 3712–3713 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 8–9 |
| - Shaka Samvat | N/A |
| - Kali Yuga | 3052–3053 |
| Holocene calendar | 9952 |
| Iranian calendar | 670 BP – 669 BP |
| Islamic calendar | 691 BH – 690 BH |
| Javanese calendar | N/A |
| Julian calendar | N/A |
| Korean calendar | 2285 |
| Minguo calendar | 1960 before ROC 民前1960年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −1516 |
| Seleucid era | 263/264 AG |
| Thai solar calendar | 494–495 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阴金羊年 (female Iron-Goat) 78 or −303 or −1075 — to — 阳水猴年 (male Water-Monkey) 79 or −302 or −1074 |
The year 49 BC was an important time in ancient Rome. It was part of the old Roman calendar system. People at that time knew it as the year when Lentulus and Marcellus were the main leaders, called Consuls.
To understand "BC," it means "Before Christ." So, 49 BC was 49 years before the year 0. The Roman calendar was the way Romans kept track of days and months. Consuls were the highest elected officials in the Roman Republic, like presidents, who served for one year.
Contents
Events in 49 BC
The Great Roman Civil War Begins
The year 49 BC is most famous for the start of a huge fight called the Roman Civil War. This was not a war against another country, but a war between different groups of Romans. It was a fight for power over the entire Roman Republic.
Who Was Fighting?
The two main leaders in this war were:
- Julius Caesar: He was a very successful Roman general and politician. He had just finished conquering Gaul (modern-day France and Belgium), which made him very popular and powerful.
- Pompey the Great: He was another famous Roman general and politician. He had been Caesar's ally before, but now they were rivals. Pompey was supported by the Roman Senate, which was the main governing body of Rome.
Why Did the War Start?
The Roman Republic was having many problems. There was a lot of tension between powerful leaders and the Senate. Caesar had become too strong and popular for the Senate's liking. They ordered him to give up his army and return to Rome as a private citizen.
Caesar refused. He believed he was being treated unfairly. On January 10, 49 BC, Caesar made a bold move. He led his army across a small river called the Rubicon. This river was the border between his province and Italy. Crossing it with an army was against Roman law and meant he was declaring war on the Senate and Pompey. This act is where the famous saying "crossing the Rubicon" comes from, meaning you've made a decision you can't go back on.
What Happened Next?
After Caesar crossed the Rubicon, the war began quickly. Pompey and many senators left Rome, heading south and then east, trying to gather more forces. Caesar quickly took control of Italy. This war would last for several years and change the future of Rome forever.
Important People Who Died in 49 BC
- Xuan: He was an important emperor of the Han Dynasty in China. The Han Dynasty was a very powerful and long-lasting empire in ancient China. Emperor Xuan ruled for many years and helped make China strong.
- Zheng Ji: He was a general during the Han Dynasty in China. Generals were military leaders who commanded armies.
See also
In Spanish: 49 a. C. para niños
