kids encyclopedia robot

Duke of Burgundy facts for kids

Kids Encyclopedia Facts
Quick facts for kids
Dukedom of Burgundy
Crown of a Duke of France.svg
Arms of Eudes de Bourgogne.svg
Creation date 880
Peerage Peerage of France
First holder Richard the Justiciar
Last holder
Status Extinct
Extinction date
  • 5 January 1477 (fief)
  • 22 March 1761 (courtesy title)
Seat(s)
  • Château de Germolles
  • Hôtel de Bourgogne
  • Palace of the Dukes of Burgundy

Duke of Burgundy (French: duc de Bourgogne) was a title used by the rulers of the Duchy of Burgundy, from its establishment in 843 to its annexation by the French crown in 1477, and later by members of the House of Habsburg, including Holy Roman Emperors and kings of Spain, who claimed Burgundy proper and ruled the Burgundian Netherlands.

The Duchy of Burgundy was a small portion of the traditional lands of the Burgundians west of the river Saône which, in 843, was allotted to Charles the Bald's kingdom of the West Franks. Under the Ancien Régime, the duke of Burgundy was the premier lay peer of the Kingdom of France. Beginning with Robert II of France (r. 996 – 1031), the title was held by the Capetians, the French royal family. In 1032 King Henry I of France granted the duchy to his younger brother, Robert, who founded the House of Burgundy. When the senior line of the House of Burgundy became extinct in 1361, the title was inherited by King John II of France through proximity of blood. John granted the duchy to his younger son, Philip the Bold, in 1363. The Valois dukes gradually came to rule over a vast complex of territories known as the Burgundian State, and became dangerous rivals to the senior French royal line of the House of Valois.

When the male line of the Valois dukes of Burgundy became extinct in 1477, the Duchy of Burgundy was confiscated by Louis XI of France. The title "duke of Burgundy" passed to Habsburg monarchs after Mary of Burgundy married Maximilian I of Austria in 1477. The Habsburgs used this connection to claim Burgundy proper and to rule their Burgundian inheritance until the Napoleonic era. The title was subsequently revived for several younger sons of the House of Bourbon and since 1975, branches of it have used "duke of Burgundy" as a revived courtesy title.

List of dukes of Burgundy

Bosonid dynasty (880–956)

Main article: Bosonid dynasty

The first margrave (marchio), later duke (dux), of Burgundy was Richard of the House of Ardennes, whose duchy was created from the merging of several regional counties of the kingdom of Provence which had belonged to his brother Boso. Richard was the son of Eccard of Macon and Richildis of Arles, Boso the son of Bivin of Gorze and Richildis of Arles.

His descendants and their relatives by marriage ruled the duchy until its annexation over a century later by the French crown, their suzerain.

  • Richard the Justiciar (880–921)
  • Rudolph (921–923), then King of the Franks
  • Hugh the Black (923–952)
  • Gilbert (952–956)

Robertian dynasty (956–1002)

Main article: Robertian dynasty
  • Otto (956–965)
  • Eudes Henry the Great (965–1002)

House of Ivrea (1002–1004)

Main article: Anscarids

House of Capet (1004–1032)

Main article: House of Capet

In 1004, Burgundy was annexed by the king, of the House of Capet. Otto William continued to rule what would come to be called the Free County of Burgundy. His descendants formed another House of Ivrea.

  • Robert (1004–1016) (also king of the Franks as Robert II)
  • Henry (1016–1032) (also king of the Franks as Henry I)

House of Burgundy (1032–1361)

Main article: House of Burgundy

Robert, son of Robert II of France, received the Duchy as a peace settlement, having disputed the succession to the throne of France with his brother Henry.

Picture Name Birth Became Duke Ruled until Death Notes Arms
Robert le Vieux.jpg Robert I the Old
(Robert Ier le Vieux)		 1011 1032 21 March 1076 Younger son of Robert II of France.
Hugh I
(Hugues Ier)		 1057 21 March 1076 1079 29 August 1093 Eldest son of Henry of Burgundy, grandson of Robert I. Abdicated in favour of his younger brother, Odo.
Odo I.jpg Odo I Borel the Red
(Eudes Ier Borel le Roux)		 1058 1079 23 March 1103 Younger brother of Hugh I.
Hugh II.jpg Hugh II
(Hugues II)		 1084 23 March 1103 1143 Son of Odo I
Odo II.jpg Odo II
(Eudes II)		 1118 1143 27 June/27 September 1162 Eldest son of Hugh II Arms of Eudes de Bourgogne.svg
Hugh III.jpg Hugh III
(Hugues III)		 1142 27 June/27 September 1162 25 August 1192 Eldest son of Odo II Arms of Eudes de Bourgogne.svg
Sceau de Eudes III Duc de Bourgogne.png Odo III
(Eudes III)		 1166 25 August 1192 6 July 1218 Eldest son of Hugh III Arms of Eudes de Bourgogne.svg
Hugh IV, Duke of Burgundy.jpg Hugh IV
(Hugues IV)		 9 March 1213 6 July 1218 27 October 1271 Eldest son of Odo III Arms of Eudes de Bourgogne.svg
Robert II of Burgundy.jpg Robert II
(Robert II)		 1248 27 October 1271 21 March 1306 Eldest surviving son of Hugh IV. Arms of Eudes de Bourgogne.svg
Hugo V.jpg Hugh V
(Hugues V)		 1282 21 March 1306 9 May 1315 Eldest son of Robert II. Arms of Eudes de Bourgogne.svg
Eudes IV.jpg Odo IV
(Eudes IV)		 1295 9 May 1315 3 April 1350 Younger brother of Hugh V. Arms of Eudes de Bourgogne.svg
Philip I of Burgundy.jpg Philip I of Rouvres
(Philippe Ier de Rouvres)		 1346 3 April 1350 21 November 1361 Grandson of Odo IV. Arms of Eudes de Bourgogne.svg

House of Valois-Burgundy (1363–1482)

Main article: House of Valois-Burgundy

John II of France, the second Valois king, successfully claimed the duchy after the death of Philip, the last Capet duke. John then passed the duchy to his youngest son Philip as an apanage.

Picture Name Birth Became Duke Ruled until Death Notes Arms
16th-century unknown painters - Philip the Bold - WGA23677.jpg Philip II the Bold
(Philippe II le Hardi)		 15 January 1342 6 September 1363 27 April 1404 Youngest son of John the Good Arms of Philippe le Hardi.svg
John duke of burgundy.jpg John I the Fearless
(Jean I sans Peur)		 28 May 1371 27 April 1404 10 September 1419 Eldest son of Philip the Bold Arms of Jean Sans Peur.svg
Philip the good.jpg Philip III the Good
(Philippe III le Bon)		 31 July 1396 10 September 1419 15 June 1467 Eldest son of John the Fearless Arms of Philippe le Bon.svg
Charles the Bold 1460.jpg Charles I the Bold
(Charles I le Téméraire)		 21 November 1433 15 June 1467 5 January 1477 Eldest son of Philip the Good Arms of Philippe le Bon.svg
Maître de la Légende de Sainte Marie-Madeleine, Sainte Marie-Madeleine (15–16ème siècle).jpg Mary the Rich 13 February 1457 5 January 1477 27 March 1482 Only daughter of Charles the Bold Arms of Philippe le Bon.svg

Family tree

Richard of Autun Adelaide of Auxerre Rainier II of Hainaut Adelaide of Burgundy Hugh the Black Willa of Burgundy Hugh of Vienne Emma of Paris Rudolph of France Ermengarde of Burgundy Gilbert of Chalon Hugh the Great Lietaud of Macon Robert of Vermandois Hugh Capet Otto, Duke of Burgundy Liutgard of Chalon Otto-Henry of Burgundy Adelbert II of Italy Robert II of France Otto-William of Burgundy Henry I Capet Hélie of Semur Robert I, Duke of Burgundy Ermengarde of Anjou Hildegard of Burgundy William VIII of Aquitaine Hugh of Burgundy (1034–1059) Constance of Burgundy Alfonso VI of Castile Robert of Burgundy, Bishop of Langres Renauld of Burgundy, abbot of St. Pierre Beatrice of Burgundy (born 1063) Guy I of Vignory Hélie of Burgundy (born 1061) Henry, Count of Portugal Theresa, Countess of Portugal Alfonso I of Portugal Sybille of Nevers Hugh I, Duke of Burgundy Sybille of Burgundy (1065–1103) Eudes I of Burgundy Bertrand of Toulouse Hélie of Burgundy Henry of Burgundy (1083–1131) Florine of Burgundy Sweyn the Crusader Matilda of Mayenne Hugh II of Burgundy Aremburge of Burgundy Ducissa of Burgundy Raymond of Grignon Clemence of Burgundy Henry III of Donzy Henry of Burgundy, Bishop of Autun Hugh the Red Roger II of Sicily Sybille of Burgundy Gauthier of Burgundy Aigeline of Burgundy Hugh I of Vaudemont Robert of Burgundy, Bishop of Autun Matilda of Burgundy William VII of Montpellier Eudes II of Burgundy Marie of Champagne (1128–1190) Alice of Burgundy (1146–1192) Mahaut of Limais Robert IV of Auvergne Beatrice d'Albon Hugh III of Burgundy Alice of Lorraine Amadeo IV of Savoy Marguerite of Burgundy Beatrice of Montferrat Guigues VI of Viennois Mahaut of Burgundy John, Count of Chalon Simon I of Semur Marie-Ducissa of Burgundy Alice of Burgundy (born 1177) Bernard VII of Mercœur Alexander of Montagu Beatrice of Rion Infanta Teresa, Countess of Flanders Eudes III of Burgundy Alice of Vergy Humbert III de Thoire Beatrice of Burgundy (born 1216) Joanna of Burgundy Raoul II of Lusignan Alice of Burgundy (1204–1266) Robert I of Clermont Beatrice of Navarre, Duchess of Burgundy Hugh IV of Burgundy Yolande de Dreux (1212–1248) Isabelle of Burgundy Rudolf I of Habsburg Hugh, Viscount of Avallon Maguerite of Chalon Beatrice, Lady of Grignon Hugh VIII of La Marche Alice of Burgundy (1233–1273) Henry III of Brabant Marguerite, Lady of Molinot William III of Mont-St. Jean Maud of Dampierre Eudes of Nevers and Auxerre Joanna of Burgundy (1253–1271) Margaret of Burgundy, Queen of Sicily Charles I of Naples Yolande of Burgundy Jean Tristan of France Robert III of Flanders John of Burgundy (1231–1268) Agnes of Dampierre Beatrice of Burgundy, Dame de Bourbon Robert, Count of Clermont Duke of Bourbon Robert II of Burgundy Agnes of France, Duchess of Burgundy Joanna of Burgundy (1290–1317) Philip VI of France Robert of Tonnerre Joanna of Tonnerre Hugh V of Burgundy Blanche of Burgundy (1288–1348) Edward of Savoy Margaret of Burgundy, Queen of France Louis X of France Louis of Burgundy Matilda of Hainault Eudes IV of Burgundy Jeanne III, Countess of Burgundy Philip V of France Jeanne I, Countess of Auvergne Philip of Burgundy, Count of Auvergne Joanna of Burgundy Marguerite of Burgundy (born 1345) Philip I of Burgundy Marguerite III of Dampierre John II of France Philip II of Burgundy Amadeo VIII of Savoy Mary of Burgundy (1386–1422) Catherine of Burgundy Leopold IV, Duke of Austria Philip II, Count of Nevers Bonne of Artois Joanna of St. Pol Antoine of Brabant Elisabeth, Duchess of Luxembourg William II, Duke of Bavaria-Straubing Marguerite of Burgundy (1374–1441) John the Fearless Margaret of Bavaria-Straubing Adolph I, Duke of Cleves Marie of Burgundy (1393–1463) Anne of Burgundy John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford Agnes of Burgundy Charles I, Duke of Bourbon Louis, Dauphin of France (1397–1415) Margaret of Burgundy (1393–1441) Arthur III of Brittany Infanta Isabel, Duchess of Burgundy Philip III of Burgundy Bonne of Artois Michelle of Valois Antoine of Burgundy Joseph of Burgundy Charles I of Burgundy Margaret of York Catherine of Valois Isabelle of Bourbon Mary of Burgundy Maximilian I of HabsburgBurgundyDukes.png

House of Habsburg (1482–1700)

See also: House of Habsburg

In 1477, the territory of the Duchy of Burgundy was annexed by France. In the same year, Mary married Maximilian, Archduke of Austria, giving the Habsburgs control of the remainder of the Burgundian Inheritance.

Although the territory of the Duchy of Burgundy itself remained in the hands of France, the Habsburgs remained in control of the title of Duke of Burgundy and the other parts of the Burgundian inheritance, notably the Low Countries and the Free County of Burgundy in the Holy Roman Empire as well as the County of Charolais in France. They often used the term Burgundy to refer to it (e.g. in the name of the Imperial Circle it was grouped into), until the late 18th century, when the Austrian Netherlands were lost to the French Republic. The Habsburgs also continued to claim Burgundy proper until the Treaty of Cambrai in 1529, when they surrendered their claim in exchange for French recognition of Imperial sovereignty over Flanders and Artois.

Picture Name Birth Became Duke Ruled until Death Notes Arms
Juan de Flandes (^), , Kunsthistorisches Museum Wien, Gemäldegalerie - Philipp der Schöne (1478-1506) - GG 3872 - Kunsthistorisches Museum.jpg Philip IV the Handsome
(Philippe IV le Beau)		 22 July 1478 22 February 1482 25 September 1506 Eldest son of Duchess Mary by Maximilian of Habsburg Arms of Philip IV of Burgundy.svg
Barend van Orley - Portrait of Charles V - Google Art Project.jpg Charles II 24 February 1500 25 September 1506 16 January 1556 21 September 1558 Eldest son of Philip the Handsome. Also Charles I of Aragon and Castile, and Holy Roman Emperor Charles V Arms of Charles I of Spain, Charles V as Holy Roman Emperor-Or shield variant (1530-1556).svg

House of Bourbon, claimants of the title (1682–1761)

See also: House of Bourbon

House of Habsburg (1713–1918)

House of Bourbon, revived title (1975–present)

Main article: House of Bourbon
  • King Juan Carlos I of Spain (1975–2014)
  • King Felipe VI of Spain (2014–present) – the title is one of the titles of the Spanish Crown
  • Prince Sixtus Henry of Bourbon-Parma (Carlist claimant to the throne of Spain as "Enrique V", 1977–present) – the title is one of the titles of the Spanish Crown. He is considered the legitimate successor to the Catholic Monarchy of the Spains as heir to Infante Carlos María Isidro ("Carlos V").
  • Louis, Dauphin of France (2010–present) – the title is used by eldest son of the Legitimist claimant to the French throne, Prince Louis, Duke of Anjou ("Louis XX").

See also

kids search engine
All content from Kiddle encyclopedia articles (including the article images and facts) can be freely used under Attribution-ShareAlike license, unless stated otherwise. Cite this article:
Duke of Burgundy Facts for Kids. Kiddle Encyclopedia.