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List of power stations in New Zealand facts for kids

Kids Encyclopedia Facts

New Zealand gets its electricity from many different sources, like water, heat from the Earth, wind, and even some fossil fuels. Power stations are like big factories that turn these natural resources into the electricity we use every day in our homes and schools. This list tells you about the main power stations across New Zealand.

Some power stations are called baseload generators. They run almost all the time, like geothermal plants that use the Earth's steady heat, or hydro plants that use a constant flow of water. Other power stations are intermediate generators; they can change how much power they make to match what people need throughout the day. Then there are peaking power stations, which only turn on for a short time when electricity demand is super high, like on a very cold morning. New Zealand does not use nuclear power.


NZ Electricity Generation Capacity
Graph showing how New Zealand's electricity generation capacity has changed over the years.

Bioenergy Power Stations

Bioenergy power stations create electricity from organic materials, like waste from landfills or wood. This is a way to use things that would otherwise be thrown away to make useful energy.

Name Location Type Power (MW) Started Operator
Greenmount Landfill Auckland Biogas 5.5 1992 Envirowaste / Mighty River Power
Kinleith South Waikato Wood cogeneration 40 1997 Oji Fibre Solutions
Omarunui Hastings Biogas 1 2014 LMS Energy / Hastings District Council
Pan Pac Hastings Wood cogeneration 12.8 2005 Pan Pac Forest Products
Rosedale Auckland Biogas 2.8 1992 Mercury Energy
Silverstream Landfill Lower Hutt Biogas 2.7 1994 LMS Energy
Southern Landfill Wellington Biogas 1.1 LMS Energy
Tirohia Hauraki Biogas 2.0 2008 Mercury Energy
Redvale Landfill and Energy Park Auckland Biogas 12 1993 Waste Management
Kate Valley Landfill Hurunui Biogas 4.3 2014 Transwaste

Geothermal Power Stations

Geothermal power stations use the natural heat from inside the Earth to make electricity. New Zealand has many of these, especially in the central North Island, because of its volcanic activity.

Name Location Type Power (MW) Started Operator
Te Ahi O Maui Kawerau Binary 24 2018 Eastland Generation
Geothermal Development Limited Kawerau Binary 8 2008 Eastland Generation
Kawerau TG1 & TG2 Kawerau Binary 6 1989, 1993 Nova Energy
Kawerau TOPP1 Kawerau Binary 26 2012 Eastland Generation
Kawerau Kawerau Flash steam 105 2008 Mercury Energy
Mokai Taupō 112 2000 Mercury Energy
Nga Awa Purua Taupō Flash steam 140 2010 Mercury Energy
Ngatamariki Taupō Binary 82 2013 Mercury Energy
Ngāwhā Far North Binary 57 Aug 2020 Top Energy
Ohaaki Taupō Flash steam 70 1989 Contact Energy
Poihipi Taupō Flash steam 50 1997 Contact Energy
Rotokawa Taupō 33 1997 Mercury Energy
Te Huka Taupō Binary 28 2010 Contact Energy
Te Mihi Taupō Flash steam 166 2014 Contact Energy
Wairakei A & B Taupō Flash steam & Binary 132 1958 (Binary added 2005) Contact Energy

Hydroelectric Power Stations

Hydroelectric power stations use the force of moving water, usually from rivers or dams, to spin turbines and generate electricity. This is a very important source of power in New Zealand.

Name Location River/Scheme Power (MW) Started Operator
Amethyst Westland 7.6 2013 Westpower
Aniwhenua Whakatane 25 1980 Southern Generation Partnership
Arapuni South Waikato Waikato River 196.7 1929, 1946 Mercury Energy
Aratiatia Taupō Waikato River 78 1964 Mercury Energy
Argyle Marlborough Branch River 3.8 1983 Manawa Energy
Arnold Grey 3.0 1932 Manawa Energy
Atiamuri South Waikato / Taupō Waikato River 84 1962 Mercury Energy
Aviemore Waitaki Lower Waitaki 220 1968 Meridian Energy
Benmore Waitaki Lower Waitaki 540 1965 Meridian Energy
Clyde Central Otago Clutha River 432 1992 Contact Energy
Cobb Tasman 34.3 1956 Manawa Energy
Coleridge Selwyn 45 1914 Manawa Energy
Deep Stream Clutha Waipori 5 2008 Manawa Energy
Dillmans Westland Kumara 3.5 1928 Manawa Energy
Duffers Westland Kumara 0.5 1928 Manawa Energy
Falls Central Otago 1.3 2003 Pioneer Energy
Flaxy Whakatane Wheao and Flaxy 2.1 1982 Manawa Energy
Fraser Central Otago 2.8 1956 Southern Generation Partnership
Highbank Ashburton Rangitata Diversion 25.2 1945 Manawa Energy
Hinemaiaia A Taupō Hinemaiaia 2.0 1952 Manawa Energy
Hinemaiaia B Taupō Hinemaiaia 1.3 1966 Manawa Energy
Hinemaiaia C Taupō Hinemaiaia 2.8 1982 Manawa Energy
Horseshoe Bend Central Otago 4.3 1999 Pioneer Energy
Kaimai 5 Western Bay of Plenty Kaimai 0.35 1994 Manawa Energy
Kaitawa Wairoa Waikaremoana 36 1948 Genesis Energy
Kaniere Forks Westland Lake Kaniere 0.43 1911 Manawa Energy
Karapiro Waipa Waikato River 90 1948 Mercury Energy
Kourarau Carterton 1.0 1923, 1925 Genesis Energy
Kowhai Central Otago 1.9 2010 Pioneer Energy
Kuratau Taupō 6 1962 King Country Energy
Kumara Westland Kumara 6.5 1928 Manawa Energy
Lloyd Mandeno Western Bay of Plenty Kaimai 15.6 1972 Manawa Energy
Lower Mangapapa Western Bay of Plenty Kaimai 6.0 1979 Manawa Energy
Manapouri Southland 850 1971 Meridian Energy
Mangahao Horowhenua 42 1924 Todd Energy
Mangorei New Plymouth 4.5 1906, 1931 Manawa Energy
Maraetai I South Waikato / Taupō Waikato River 252 1954 Mercury Energy
Maraetai II South Waikato / Taupō Waikato River 108 1971 Mercury Energy
Maraetai (mini) South Waikato / Taupō 0.1 Mercury
Matahina Whakatane 80 1967 Manawa Energy
Matiri Buller 5 2020 Southern Generation Partnership
McKays Creek Westland Lake Kaniere 1.1 1931 Manawa Energy
Monowai Southland 6.6 1926 Pioneer Energy
Montalto Ashburton Rangitata Diversion 1.8 1982 Manawa Energy
Motukawa New Plymouth 4.5 1927-1938 Manawa Energy
Ohakuri South Waikato / Taupō Waikato River 112 1962 Mercury Energy
Ōhau A Mackenzie Upper Waitaki 264 1980 Meridian Energy
Ōhau B Waitaki Upper Waitaki 212 1984 Meridian Energy
Ōhau C Waitaki Upper Waitaki 212 1985 Meridian Energy
Omanawa Falls Bay of Plenty 0.3 1915, extended 1921 Omanawa Falls Hydro Limited
Onekaka Tasman 0.94 2003 Onekaka Energy
Opuha Mackenzie 7.5 1999 Opuha Water / Manawa Energy
Oxburn/Glenorchy Queenstown Lakes 0.4 1968 Pioneer Energy
Paerau Central Otago Strath Taieri 10 1984 Manawa Energy
Patea South Taranaki 32 1984 Manawa Energy
Patearoa Central Otago Strath Taieri 2.3 1984 Manawa Energy
Piriaka Ruapehu 1.3 1924 King Country Energy
Piripaua Wairoa Waikaremoana 42 1943 Genesis Energy
Pupu Tasman 0.3 1929 Pupu Hydro Society
Rangipo Taupō Tongariro 120 1983 Genesis Energy
Rimu Hastings Esk 2.4 2013 Manawa Energy
Roaring Meg lower Central Otago / Queentown Lakes Roaring Meg 3.0 1936 Pioneer Energy
Roaring Meg upper Central Otago / Queentown Lakes Roaring Meg 1.3 1936 Pioneer Energy
Roxburgh Central Otago Clutha River 320 1956 Contact
Ruahihi Western Bay of Plenty Kaimai 20 1981 Manawa Energy
Tekapo A Mackenzie Upper Waitaki 25 1951 Genesis Energy
Tekapo B Mackenzie Upper Waitaki 160 1977 Genesis Energy
Tokaanu Taupō Tongariro 240 1973 Genesis Energy
Toronui Hastings Esk 1.4 2013 Manawa Energy
Tuai Wairoa Waikaremoana 60 1929 Genesis Energy
Wahapo/Ōkārito Forks Westland 3.1 1960 Manawa Energy
Waihi Hydro Waihi 5.0 1986 Eastland Generation
Waihopai Marlborough 2.5 1927 Manawa Energy
Waipapa South Waikato Waikato River 51 1961 Mercury Energy
Waipori 1A Clutha Waipori 10 Manawa Energy
Waipori 2A Clutha Waipori 58 Manawa Energy
Waipori 3 Clutha Waipori 7.6 Manawa Energy
Waipori 4 Clutha Waipori 8 Manawa Energy
Wairere Waikato 4.6 1925 King Country Energy
Wairua Whangarei 5.0 1916 Northpower
Waitaki Waitaki Lower Waitaki 90 1935 Meridian Energy
Whakamaru South Waikato / Taupō Waikato River 124 1956 Mercury Energy
Brooklyn (hydro) near Motueka, Tasman 0.2 1934 Brooklyn Electricity Ltd
Drysdale near Marton, Manawatu-Wanganui 0.1 Drysdale Hydro Company
Feredays Island Canterbury 0.3 2005 Kea Energy
Fox West Coast 0.2 Manawa Energy
Mangapehi Waikato 1.6 2008 Clearwater Hydro
Mangatangi Franklin, Auckland 0.6 Watercare Services
Mangatawhiri Franklin, Auckland 0.2 Counties Power
Marokopa Waitomo area, Waikato 2.0 Clearwater Hydro
Mataura near Gore, Southland 0.9 Niblick Trust
Matawai Gisborne 2.0 2009 Clearwater Hydro
Mokauiti Central North Island 1.9 1925, 1938, 1963 King Country Energy
Ngahere West Coast 0.1 Birchfield Minerals
Normanby Normanby, Taranaki 1.0 1903, 2015 Greenfern Industries
Onekaka Tasman District 1.0 Onekaka Energy
Opunake Opunake, Taranaki 0.3 Manawa Energy
Raetihi Raetihi, Manawatu-Wanganui 0.3 Manawa Energy
Rochfort Westport, West Coast 4.2 2013 Kawatiri Energy
Talla Burn Central Otago 2.6 2010 Talla Burn Generation
Teviot Roxburgh, Otago 10.5 1983 Pioneer Energy
Turitea (hydro) near Palmerston North 0.1 Palmerston North City Council
Waihi Station near Wairoa, Hawke's Bay 4.7 1913 Manawa Energy
Wheao Whakatane Wheao and Flaxy 24 1982 Manawa Energy

Decommissioned Hydroelectric Power Stations

These are hydroelectric power stations that are no longer in use. Some were very old and important in New Zealand's history of electricity.

Name Location Type Power (MW) Started Closed Last Operator Notes
Bullendale Queenstown 2 Pelton wheels 0.04 1886 1907 Phoenix Mine First industrial electricity generation in NZ
Okere Falls north-east of Rotorua 0.2 1901 1936 NZ Government First power station owned by the government.
One Mile Creek Queenstown 1 Pelton wheel 0.06 1924 1966 Otago Central Electric Power Board Restored as a heritage exhibit in 2005
Horahora east of Cambridge, Waikato 10.3 1913 1947 State Hydro Department Covered by Lake Karapiro
Reefton Reefton, West Coast <1 1888 1949 Grey Electric Power Board Demolished
Wye Creek Otago-Southland 1.3 1936 2008 Pioneer Energy Stopped working after a part broke
Havelock North Maraetotara Valley 0.18 1922 1941 Hawke’s Bay Electric Power Board Closed due to lightning damage.

Heritage Hydroelectric Power Stations

These power stations are important because of their history. They show how electricity was first made in New Zealand.

Name Location Type Output Started Operator Purpose Notes
Mokopeka Maraetotara Valley, Hawke's Bay Private 8KW at 110V DC 1891 John Chambers For farming tools, heating, and cooking Believed to be the oldest working hydro electric power station in the world.

Fossil-Fuel Thermal Power Stations

These power stations burn fossil fuels like coal, gas, or diesel to heat water and create steam, which then spins turbines to make electricity.

Name Location Type Power (MW) Started Closed Operator
Auckland Hospital Auckland Gas/Diesel cogeneration 3.6 2005 Auckland DHB / Pioneer Energy
Bream Bay Whangarei Diesel engine 9 2011 Manawa Energy
Edgecumbe Whakatane Gas cogeneration 10 1996 Nova Energy
Evans Bay Wellington Coal steam turbine 23 1924 1968 Wellington MED
Glenbrook Auckland Coal/Gas waste heat 112 1997 Alinta
Junction Road Taranaki Gas 100 2020 Nova Energy
Huntly 1-4 Waikato Coal/Gas steam turbine 500 1983 Genesis Energy
Huntly 5 Waikato Gas combined-cycle 400 2007 Genesis Energy
Huntly 6 Waikato Gas/Diesel open-cycle 50 2004 Genesis Energy
Kapuni South Taranaki Gas combined-cycle cogeneration 25 1998 Vector / Bay of Plenty Energy
Kawerau (TPP) Kawerau Gas cogeneration 37 1966 Tasman Pulp and Paper
Kinleith South Waikato Wood/Gas cogeneration 40 1998 Genesis Energy
Kings Wharf Auckland Coal steam turbine 10.5 1913 1968 Auckland EPB
Mangahewa New Plymouth Gas 9.0 2008 Nova Energy
Marsden A Whangarei Oil 240 1967 1997 ECNZ
Marsden B Whangarei Oil 250 never commissioned ECNZ
McKee (recip) New Plymouth Gas reciprocating 2.0 2008 Nova Energy
McKee (turbine) New Plymouth Gas open-cycle 100 2013 Todd Generation
Meremere Waikato Coal steam turbine 210 1958 1991 ECNZ
New Plymouth New Plymouth Gas/Oil steam turbine 600 1974 2008 Contact Energy
Otahuhu A Auckland Gas open cycle 1968 late 1990s Contact Energy
Otahuhu B Auckland Gas combined cycle 404 2000 2015 Contact Energy
Palmerston North Palmerston North Gas/Diesel 2 1924 1992 Palmerston North MED
QE2 Park Christchurch Diesel engine 4 2011-2 Orion New Zealand
Southdown Auckland Gas combined-cycle cogeneration 170 1997 2015 Mercury Energy
Springlands Marlborough Diesel 1.5 1930 2003 Marlborough Lines
Stratford CC Stratford Gas combined-cycle 377 1998 Contact Energy
Stratford peaker Stratford Gas open-cycle 200 2010 Contact Energy
Te Awamutu Waipa Gas turbine 54 1995 2007 Genesis Energy
Te Rapa Hamilton Gas cogeneration 44 1999 Contact Energy
Wellington Hospital Wellington Gas/Oil cogeneration 8 1981 Capital & Coast DHB / Vector / Meridian Energy
Whareroa South Taranaki Gas combined-cycle cogeneration 69.6 1996 Fonterra / Todd Energy
Whirinaki Hastings Diesel open-cycle 155 2004 Contact Energy

Wind Farms

Wind farms use large wind turbines to capture the energy from the wind and turn it into electricity. New Zealand has many windy spots, making wind power a growing source of clean energy.

Name Location Number of Turbines Power (MW) Started Closed Operator
Awhitu Waikato 1 1 2020 Private Developer
Brooklyn Wind Turbine (original) Wellington 1 0.23 1993 2015 Meridian Energy
Brooklyn Wind Turbine (new) Wellington 1 0.9 2016 Meridian Energy
Chatham Islands Wind Farm Chatham Islands 2 0.46 2010 CBD Energy / Chatham Islands Enterprise Trust
Flat Hill near Bluff, Southland 8 6.8 2015 Pioneer Generation
Gebbies Pass Christchurch 1 0.5 2003 Windflow Technology
Hau Nui South Wairarapa 15 8.7 1996, 2004 Genesis Energy
Horseshoe Bend Central Otago 3 2.3 2009 Pioneer Energy
Kaiwera Downs - Stage 1 south-east of Gore, Southland 10 43 2023 Mercury Energy
Lulworth Marlborough 4 1.0 2011 Energy 3
Mahinerangi Dunedin 12 36 2011 Mercury Energy
Mill Creek Wellington 26 60 2014 Meridian Energy
Mt Stuart Clutha 9 7.7 December 2011 Pioneer Energy
Southbridge Selwyn 1 0.1 2005 Energy 3
Tararua Palmerston North / Tararua 134 161 1999, 2004, 2007 Mercury Energy
Te Apiti Palmerston North / Tararua 55 91 2004 Meridian Energy
Te Rere Hau Palmerston North / Tararua 97 48.5 2006, 2009, 2011 New Zealand Windfarms
Te Uku Waikato 28 64.4 2011 Meridian Energy / WEL Networks
Waipipi South Taranaki 31 133 2021 Mercury Energy
Weld Cone Marlborough 3 0.8 2010 Energy 3
West Wind Wellington 62 143 2009 Meridian Energy
White Hill Southland 13 58 2007 Meridian Energy
Turitea Palmerston North / Turitea 60 222 2021 (stage 1)

2023 (stage 2)

Mercury Energy

Solar Farms

Solar farms use large panels to capture sunlight and turn it directly into electricity. This is a clean and renewable energy source.

Name Location Number of Inverters Power (MWp DC) Power (MW AC) Started Closed Operator
Wairau Valley Solar Farm Marlborough 1 2 2021 Kea Energy
Kapuni Solar Plant South Taranaki Not Stated 2.1 2021 Sunergise
Kaitaia Solar Farm Northland 6 32 23 Began 2023 Lodestone Energy
Te Ihi o te Ra Solar Farm Gisborne 5.2 2023 Eastland Generation

Grid Battery Storage

Grid battery storage systems are like giant rechargeable batteries that can store electricity and release it when needed. This helps keep the power supply steady, especially when renewable sources like wind and solar aren't generating much power.

Name Location Type Power (MW/MWh) Started Operator
Glen Innes Auckland Tesla Powerpack 1.0/2.3 2016 Vector
Hobsonville Point Auckland Tesla Powerpack 1.0/2.3 2018 Vector
Rotohiko Waikato Saft (company) 35/33 2023 WEL Networks
Snells Beach Auckland 2.75/6.7 2018 Vector
Warkworth South Auckland 2.0/4.8 2018 Vector
Whangamata (CBD standby power) Thames-Coromandel 2.0/2.0 2020 Powerco

Proposed Power Stations

These are power stations that are planned for the future. They show how New Zealand is looking to expand its energy production, especially with more renewable sources.

Name Location Type Planned
Power (MW)
Operator Status Notes
Awhitu near Waiuku, Auckland Wind 15 Private Operator 2MW being built
Castle Hill northeast of Masterton Wind 300 Genesis Energy Limited approved, seeking more time
Huriwaka (prev. Central Wind)(Moawhango) between Taihape and Waiouru Wind 230 (prev. 130) Manawa Energy Previous approvals expired, new ones being sought
Geofutures - Te Mihi Unit 3 Taupō Geothermal 168 Contact Energy approved - will replace older Wairakei A & B stations
Harapaki Hawkes Bay Wind 176 Meridian Energy being built
Hauauru ma raki Waikato coast Wind 504 Contact Energy approvals expired
Hurunui North Canterbury Wind 76 Meridian Energy approvals expired
Kaimai Wind Farm northern Kaimai Range Wind 168 Ventus Energy applied for approval
Kaiwaikawe Dargaville Wind 74 Mercury Energy approved
Kawerau TOPP2 Kawerau Geothermal 50 Eastland Being built. Joint project with Ormat
Kaiwera Downs south-east of Gore, Southland Wind 196 Mercury Energy Stage 2 - 196MW
Lauriston Solar Farm Lauriston, Canterbury Solar 52 Genesis Energy, FRV Australia approved - being built
Lodestone One Dargaville Solar 80 Lodestone Energy approved
Lodestone Three Whakatane Solar 50 Lodestone Energy approved
Lodestone Four Edgecumbe Solar 32 Lodestone Energy being built
Lodestone Five Whitianga Solar 34 Lodestone Energy approved
Pukaki Intake near Twizel, Canterbury Hydro 35 Meridian Energy approvals expired
Mahinerangi stage 2 Lake Mahinerangi, west of Dunedin Wind 164 Mercury Energy approved
Marsden Point Northland Solar 26.7 Refining NZ
Mount Munro Eketahuna Wind 90 Meridian Energy applied for approval
Ruakākā Battery Storage Northland Battery 100 Meridian Energy being built
Ruakākā Solar Farm Northland Solar 130 Meridian Energy seeking approvals
Mount Cass Canterbury Wind 93 MainPower approved
Ngakawau West Coast Hydro 24 Hydro Developments Approvals expire 2026
Ngatamariki OEC5 Taupō Geothermal 46 Mercury Energy approved - building starts early 2024

first power late 2025

Ngawha OEC5 Kaikohe Geothermal 32 Top Energy approved
Onslow Otago Pumped hydro 1200 New Zealand Government detailed study; cancelled after government change
Pukenui Te Aupōuri peninsula Solar 22 Far North Solar Farm approved
Puketoi Manawatu Wind 228 Mercury Energy approvals expire 2031
Rakaia River Canterbury Hydro 16 Ashburton Community Water Trust approved
Rangitaiki Taupō Solar 400 Nova Energy approved
Rototuna Northland Wind 500 Meridian Energy
Slopedown east of Gore, Southland Wind 150 Genesis Energy Limited
Taheke Okere Falls, Rotoiti Geothermal 35 Eastland applied for approval. Joint project with local iwi
Taumatatotara 10 km south of Taharoa Wind 92 Ventus Energy approved stage 1 (seeking changes for stage 2)
Tauhara north-east of Taupō Geothermal 174 Contact Energy being built
Te Huka Unit 3 Taupō Geothermal 51.4 Contact Energy being built
Te Rere Hau Wind Farm re-power Palmerston North / Tararua Wind 126 NZ Windfarms-Meridian replacing old turbines with new ones to increase power to 126 MW
Tory Channel Marlborough Tidal 10 Energy Pacifica
Upper Kaituna Bay of Plenty Hydro 14 Bay of Plenty Energy approval granted, but project not going ahead
Waikato Power Station Tihiroa, Waikato Gas 360 Todd Generation approved

See also

  • Electricity sector in New Zealand
  • New Zealand electricity market
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