Rohtak facts for kids

Quick facts for kids Rohtak
City
M.D. University, Rohtak, Haryana
Rohtak Location in Haryana Show map of Haryana Rohtak Location in India Show map of India
Country	India
State	Haryana
District	Rohtak
Government
• Type	Municipal Corporation
• Body	Rohtak Municipal Corporation
Area
• Total	139 km2 (54 sq mi)
Area rank	5
Elevation	220 m (720 ft)
Population  (2011)
• Total	373,133
• Rank	119
• Density	2,684/km2 (6,953/sq mi)
Demonym(s)	Rohtakiya Haryanvi
Languages
• Official	Hindi
• Additional official	English, Punjabi
• Regional	Haryanvi (Khadar)
Time zone	UTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN	124 001 – 124 017
Telephone code	91 1262 XXX XXX
Vehicle registration	HR 12 (Private), HR 46 (Commercial)
Major Highways	NH10, NH71, NH71A & SH18
Nearest City	Jhajjar, Sonipat, New Delhi
Railways Stations in City	Rohtak Jn, Asthal Bohar Junction railway station
Sex ratio	1.13 ♂/♀
Planning agency	Haryana Urban Development Authority
Civic agency	Municipal Corporation of Rohtak
Climate	Climatic regions of India (Köppen)
Avg. summer temperature	44 °C (111 °F)
Avg. winter temperature	13 °C (55 °F)

Rohtak (Hindustani pronunciation: [roɦ.t̪ək]) is a city and the administrative headquarters of the Rohtak district in the Indian state of Haryana. It lies 70 kilometres (43 mi) north-west of New Delhi and 250 kilometres (160 mi) south of the state capital Chandigarh on NH 9 (old NH 10). Rohtak forms a part of the National Capital Region (NCR) which helps the city in obtaining cheap loans for infrastructure development from the NCR Planning Board.

Rohtak is the sixth most populous city in Haryana as per the 2011 census with a population of 373,133.

Name

Rohtak is identified with the older form Rauhītaka, which occurs in the 12th-century Rājataraṅgiṇī as the name of a town and district in northern India. The name also appears in the "Praśasti of Lākhā Maṇḍal at Madha".

History

Suhaili Gate of the Rohtak Fort, 1870; photographed by Joseph David Beglar.

Clay mounds of coins discovered at Khokhrakot have thrown light on the process of casting coins in ancient India. Dating to the 3rd or 4th century CE, a large number of coin moulds from the Yaudheyas reign have been unearthed from Khokhrakot, alongside various clay seals from that period and beyond. 4th to 6th century CE, Gupta terracotta plaque and a head from later era have also been discovered at Khokhrakot archaeological site at Rohtak.

The 4th-century CE astronomical text Surya Siddhanta described a spherical Earth with a prime meridian running between Avanti (Ujjain) and Rohitaka (Rohtak), while localities used their own time based on the local Panchang calendar.

A seventh century CE statue of Parshvanatha, twenty-third Jain tirthankara, was found in the Asthal Bohar village.

Ninth century jain sources, like the Vipakasutra, reveal the prominence of the Jain deity Parshvanatha and his protector Dharanendra in Rohtak around this time. The Vipakasutra is one of twelve ancient texts of Śvetāmbara Jainism, written around ninth century CE, as a kingdom of kings Vesamanadatta and Pusyanandi.

The town continued to flourish till the 10th century CE, as coins of King Samanta Deva of the Hindu Shahi have been found here. The town was conquered by the Ghaznavids under Mahmud of Ghazni between 1020-1030.

In 12th century, Chahamanas ruled in the Rohtak region.

Sixteenth century source the Ain-i-Akbari lists Rohtak as a Mughal pargana under Delhi sarkar, producing a revenue of 8,599,270 dams for the imperial treasury and supplying a force of 2000 infantry and 100 cavalry. The existence of a brick fort was also noted.

Third Battle of Panipat in 1761

According to Rao Uttam Singh from Sangrur, Keshavdas Pardhan, who may be an ancestor of the Vachhas family of Rohtak, was stationed at Kotputli during the Third Battle of Panipat leading Maratha forces under a Peshwa general. His duties involved managing supplies, maintaining vigilance, and reporting enemy movements. After the Panipat defeat, Keshavdas and his cousin Bhajan settled in Dadri. Records from the Pandas of Garhmukteshwar suggest his descendants' prominent status. These descendants are identified as Gaur Brahmins with Vatsa gotra.

Geography

Rohtak lies 70 kilometres (43mi) north-west of New Delhi and 250 kilometres (160 mi) south of the state capital Chandigarh on NH 9(old NH 10). Rohtak forms a part of the National Capital Region.

Climate

Average annual rainfall in Rohtak city is 597 mm (23.5 in). Rohtak's climate shows extreme variation in temperature. Temperatures in Rohtak usually range from 2 to 46 °C (36 to 115 °F). It does not usually fall below freezing point in the winter months from November to February. In summer from April to June, the day temperature generally remains between 30 °C (86 °F) and 42 °C (108 °F). The highest temperature ever recorded in Rohtak city was 48.8 °C (119.8 °F) (29 May 2024) while the lowest recorded temperature is −0.8 °C (30.6 °F) (24 December 2011).

Rainfall

Annual rainfall of the district is about 58 cm. The rainfall is unevenly distributed and decreases from south east to south west. About 80% of the total rainfall is received during the rainy season, which lasts from July to September. Some rainfall is received from western disturbances during the winter season. Due to the low rainfall and its short duration, agricultural activities are mostly dependent upon canal irrigation and tubewells.

Hydrology

The development of the area largely depends over the quality as well as quantity of ground water. As far as Rohtak District is concerned ground water occurs in semi-confined to unconfined aquifers. The unconfined aquifers are tapped by dugwells. While the semi-confined aquifers are tapped by shallow tubewells which are 22,000 in number.

Demographics

Rohtak is the sixth most populous city in the state of Haryana with a population of 373,133 as per the^[update] provisional 2011 census figures. The population in 2001 was 294,577, and the population growth rate during 2001-2011 was 26.7%. Spread over an area of 72.18 square kilometres (27.87 sq mi), Rohtak is inhabited by 75,528 families, and the population density of the city is 5,186 persons per square kilometre, which is higher than the state average density of 573 persons per square kilometre.

The city had a sex ratio of 946 females per 1,000 males and 10.9% of the population were under six years old. Effective literacy was 84.08%; male literacy was 88.94% and female literacy was 78.68%.

Religion

According to the 2011 Census of India, most of the inhabitants of the city are followers of Hinduism, with a minor Jain, Muslim and Sikh population.

City

Religion in Rohtak City

Religion	Population (1911)	Percentage (1911)	Population (1941)	Percentage (1941)
Hinduism	9,941	48.82%	20,458	42.49%
Islam	9,428	46.3%	25,129	52.19%
Christianity	87	0.43%	63	0.13%
Sikhism	67	0.33%	315	0.65%
Others	838	4.12%	2,183	4.53%
Total Population	20,361	100%	48,148	100%

Tehsil

Religion in Rohtak Tehsil

Religion	Population (1941)	Percentage (1941)
Hinduism	196,993	74.62%
Islam	64,026	24.25%
Sikhism	481	0.18%
Christianity	243	0.09%
Others	2,241	0.85%
Total Population	263,984	100%

Economy

Industrial areas and townships

As of 2018, Haryana State Industrial and Infrastructure Development Corporation (HSIIDC) has developed an Industrial Model Township (IMT). MNCs like Maruti Suzuki, Asian Paints, Suzuki Motorcycle, Nippon Carbide, Amul, Lakshmi Precision Screws and Aisin Automotive launched work on projects.

Maruti research and development plant

Maruti is developing a mega research and development facility at Rohtak. The progress as R C Bhargava, non-executive chairman of Maruti Suzuki India, says "We will be able to do research and development and testing comparable to anything Japan has. We used to send all our models to Japan for testing; all that can be done here. There will be saving of time and money."

Culture

A very old and antique heritage has been preserved in Rohtak. Baba Mast Nath Math, Gokaran, kiloi temple, and several more such fine looking buildings erected in traditional Indian and Mughal styles such as spacious havelis with ornate facade, finely carved wooden door sets and sandstone pillars, mosques that were once lavishly decorated in stucco work, dharamshalas with fine looking statues of Radha and Krishna and temple spires and are few of them. The survey was extended to study a few large village estates such as Balambha, Farmana Khas, Lakhan Majra, jassia, Bhaini Surjan and Meham by Society for Peoples’ Advancement, Technology and Heritage (SOPATH). The present Monastery was founded by Baba Mast Nath in 1731.

Sai Mandir

• Medieval Times

A centuries-old fort was situated at Rohtak, in present-day Qilla Mohallah. That fort was built by Sheikhs of Yemen under Qazi Sultan Muhammad Surkh Zulqarni during Ghauri Dynasty kings . The then Delhi emperor Mahmud Tughlaq posted two brothers, Malik Idrees and Mubariz Khan at that fort in 1400. The fort of Rohtak was besieged by Syed Khizer Khan in 1410 which could only succeed after a long seizure lasting six months.

• British period (1800-1947)

Rohtak is among the oldest organised districts of Haryana; the British officers used to reside here since 1810. Those British constructed a Church at Rohtak, which was completed in 1867. It was named as All Saints Church. Its central hall was built by Maj. Feindala in the memory of his daughter Athel Nora, while the contribution for woodwork was given by JF Bruster and RF Kalenal. There are some tombstones, having dated inscriptions in the graveyard near mini secretariat building of Rohtak. Previously it was said to be surrounded by a garden, but now only a narrow strip of land is left for this cemetery. It has some 180-year-old historic tombstones, including one identified to be that of DC Moore. This centuries old cemetery is currently in a deserted condition and a thick thorny vegetation growth has covered the tombs stones there.

Transportation

View of Latest Sign-Board

Roads

Rohtak is connected to seven cities by three national highways NH 9, NH 709, NH 352 (old NH 10, NH71, and NH71A) and two State Highways (SH16 and SH18). National Highway 9 from New Delhi to Rohtak is upgraded to six lanes with 30 km Rohtak City Bypass, so that the vehicles travelling between New Delhi and Hisar do not have to enter Rohtak city. National Highway 9 from Rohtak to Hissar and several cities of Punjab is being widened to a four-lane highway.

National highway

Three National Highways, NH-9 (Malaut, Punjab to Askot in Uttarakhand), NH-709 (Rajgarh, Haryana to Panipat, Haryana) and NH-352 (Narwana to Rewari) pass through the city. Rohtak is connected to Delhi through NH-9, and currently the road is being widened to six lanes by NHAI, with the plans to develop the entire corridor as an industrial area. NH-352 From Rewari to Rohtak is 4 lanes, and NH-709 from Rohtak to Panipat is 4 lanes.

Railway

Rohtak railway station

Delhi rohtak railway line

Rohtak City has a railway junction with connections to Delhi, Panipat, Rewari, Bhiwani and Jind converging on the city. Rohtak is connected to Bahadurgarh through Delhi line, to Gohana through Panipat line and Jhajjar through Rewari line. Delhi and Jind connections are part of the Delhi-Fazilka line, and the line is double tracked from Delhi to Bhatinda, Punjab, India, and is electrified between Delhi and Bhatinda. All other lines are single track and electrified i.e. Rohtak Rewari Line, Rohtak Hisar Line (via Bhiwani).

Rohtak Junction railway station is served by three Shatabdi Express services (New Delhi Moga Shatabdi Express, New Delhi–Firozpur Shatabdi Express and New Delhi Ludhiana Shatabdi Express) and Ajmer Chandigarh Garib Rath Express.

The railway track between New Delhi and Rohtak has been electrified. EMU services has been running between the two cities since March 2013.

Air travel

There is currently no commercial airport serving the city. The state govt has shown interests in building a Greenfield Cargos Airport at the Meham town to serve this city and the AAI has given consent in principle for this. The nearest International Airport is Indira Gandhi International Airport at Delhi approx.72 km.

Education

Kendriya Vidyalaya Rohtak campus

The former President of India Mr. Mukherjee Addressing an Event At MDU

Institute of Engineering and Tech. at Maharishi Dayanand University

• Indian Institute of Management Rohtak is amongst the top management institutes in India and is positioned as analytics hub in India.
• Indian Institute of Technology Delhi extension campus also being set up with a budget of Rs 50 crore.
• Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences is a government medical institution established in 1960. As of 2009, it was proposed to be upgraded to the level of AIIMS.
• State Institute of Film and Television, a film school under the State University of Performing And Visual Arts, established in 2011.

List of universities in Rohtak

• Baba Mastnath University, private university established in 2012
• Maharshi Dayanand University, established in 1976 and named after the saint Dayananda Saraswati

Media and communications

All India Radio has a local station in Rohtak which transmits various programs of mass interest.

Sport

The Haryana Urban Development Authority (HUDA) has developed the Rajiv Gandhi Sports Complex in Sector-6 which was completed in 2012. The complex includes cricket, hockey and football facilities, tennis courts, an athletics stadium, wrestling hall, swimming pools and other leisure facilities. An athletic pavilion has also been constructed at the sports complex. The pavilion has a height of 100 feet and it has a capacity to accommodate 8000 spectators. A synthetic track has also been constructed in front of the pavilion for warming up of athletes. Apart from this, three earthen mounts have been developed on international standard and these would provide seating capacity for 22,000 spectators. Therefore, in all, a total of 30,000 spectators would be able to view the sports activities in this sports complex.

Chaudhary Bansi Lal Cricket Stadium is a cricket ground in the Lahli, Rohtak (Haryana). The Stadium can accommodate only 8,000 spectators. The ground came into the limelight when Sachin Tendulkar played his last Ranji match in October 2013

Notable individuals

Mahant Balaknath, Chancellor of Baba Mastnath University, Rohtak

• Mahant Balaknath, chancellor of Baba Mastnath University in Rohtak
• Mike Calvert, British Army officer who was involved in special operations in Burma during the Second World War was born in Rohtak in 1913.
• Rafi Muhammad Chaudhary, most prominent nuclear scientist from Indian sub continent AMU Alumni, Rutherford's PhD student and Pakistani scientist
• Manushi Chhillar, Miss World 2017, model and actress
• Manish Grover, MLA and politician
• Abdul Hafiz (VC) was the youngest Indian Victoria Cross holder, he came from Kalanaur village, Rohtak
• Bhupinder Singh Hooda, former Chief Minister of Haryana
• Deepender Singh Hooda, politician
• Randeep Hooda, Bollywood actor
• Sakshi Malik, Bronze Medalist - Women's 58 kg Freestyle Wrestling at 2016 Rio Summer Olympics
• Himanshu Nandal, para swimmer
• Amit Panghal, Asian Games Gold Medalist in Light Flyweight Men's Boxing
• Chhotu Ram, politician in Punjab and co-founder of the National Unionist Party
• Dhruv Rathee, Indian YouTuber and socialist
• Karambir Singh, 24th Chief of the Naval Staff (CNS) of the Indian Navy.
• Paramvir Singh, WildLife Inspector
• Major Mohit Sharma (soldier), Indian Soldier 1 Para SF, AC SM

See also

In Spanish: Rohtak para niños