0s facts for kids

A map showing the world in the year 1 AD.

The 0s were the first nine years of the Common Era. They started on January 1, AD 1 and ended on December 31, AD 9. This time period is sometimes called the "first decade," even though it only had nine years. The time before this, the 0s BC, also had nine years.

During the 0s, the powerful Roman Empire was often fighting against different Germanic tribes in a region called Germania. Roman leaders like Vinicius, Tiberius, and Varus led their armies in these battles. However, the Romans faced a big defeat in the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest. A Germanic leader named Arminius led his people to victory there.

At the same time, the Roman Empire was also fighting a war called the Bellum Batonianum. This was against a group of local people in a place called Illyricum. The Romans managed to stop this rebellion by AD 9.

In Korea, a conflict also happened. King Daeso of Dongbuyeo attacked Goguryeo with a large army in AD 6. But heavy snow forced him to retreat, stopping the fighting until the next ten years.

Far away in China, the last ruler of the Western Han dynasty was removed from power. This allowed a new leader, Wang Mang, to start his own Xin dynasty.

Many important books were written during the 0s. The Roman poet Ovid wrote several famous works. These include Ars Amatoria, which was about love, and Metamorphoses, a long poem telling stories from the creation of the world. He also wrote Ibis while he was living in exile. Another writer, Nicolaus of Damascus, wrote a 15-volume book called History of the World.

Experts believe that the world's population in AD 1 was somewhere between 150 million and 300 million people. In AD 2, China completed a detailed count of its people. This census showed that nearly 60 million people lived in China at that time. This was one of the most accurate counts in Chinese history.

Events

1 AD

2 AD

3 AD

4 AD

5 AD

6 AD

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8 AD

9 AD

World Population in the 0s

Scientists have estimated how many people lived on Earth around the year AD 1. These numbers vary, but they give us an idea of the world's population back then.

• Most estimates suggest the world population was between 150 million and 300 million people.
• For example, one estimate from the United Nations suggests 300 million people.
• Another estimate from Angus Maddison suggests 231 million.
• A lower estimate from John Tanton suggests 150 million.

These numbers come from different researchers who study historical populations.

Major Conflicts of the 0s

The 0s saw important wars that changed history. Here are some of the main conflicts:

Bellum Batonianum (AD 6-9)

This war was fought between the Roman Empire and a group of local tribes in the Roman province of Illyricum. The tribes rebelled against Roman rule, but the Romans eventually put down the revolt.

Roman Campaigns in Germania (12 BC - AD 16)

The Roman Empire wanted to control lands east of the Rhine River, which were home to various Germanic tribes.

• Early Roman Successes: Between 2 BC and AD 4, a Roman general named Vinicius led his armies in Germany. He won many battles against the Germanic tribes.
• Tiberius Takes Command: In AD 4, Tiberius (who would later become emperor) took over. He conquered several tribes and made friends with others.
• The Rise of Arminius: The Cherusci tribe, including a very important leader named Arminius, became allies with Rome. However, Arminius secretly planned a revolt.
• Battle of the Teutoburg Forest (AD 9): A Roman general named Varus replaced Tiberius. Arminius tricked Varus and led his Roman forces into a trap. The Romans suffered a terrible defeat, and Varus took his own life. Only a few Roman soldiers survived.

Goguryeo-Dongbuyeo Wars (AD 6-21)

This was a series of wars fought in Korea between the kingdoms of Goguryeo and Dongbuyeo. One notable event was King Daeso of Dongbuyeo's invasion of Goguryeo in AD 6, which was stopped by heavy snow.

Important Leaders of the 0s

Many powerful rulers and influential people lived during the 0s. Here are some of them:

• Augustus (Roman Emperor): He was the first Roman Emperor and ruled for a very long time, from 27 BC to AD 14. He brought peace and stability to the Roman Empire.
• Emperor Ping and Ruzi Ying (Chinese Emperors): These were the last emperors of the Western Han dynasty in China.
• Wang Mang (Chinese Emperor): He took over from the Han dynasty and started his own short-lived Xin dynasty in AD 9.
• Phraates V and Musa (Parthian Empire): They were rulers of the Parthian Empire, a powerful kingdom in ancient Persia.
• Arminius (German War Chief): He was a key leader of the Germanic tribes who famously defeated the Roman army at the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest.
• Ovid (Roman Poet): A famous Roman poet whose works are still read today.
• Tiberius (Roman General and Future Emperor): He was a skilled Roman general who would later become the second Roman Emperor.
• Hillel the Elder (Jewish Scholar): A very important Jewish religious leader and teacher.

Births

4 AD

• Columella, a Roman writer who wrote in Latin (died in AD 70)
• Daemusin, a Korean king of Goguryeo (died in AD 44)
• Publius Quinctilius Varus the Younger, a Roman nobleman (died in AD 27)
• Possible date – Jesus, a Jewish preacher and religious leader (passed away around AD 30/33)

Deaths

4 AD

• February 21 – Gaius Caesar, son of Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa and Julia the Elder (born in 20 BC)
• June 26 – Ariobarzanes II, a Roman client king of Armenia (born in 40 BC)
• Gaius Asinius Pollio, a Roman speaker, poet, and historian (born in 65 BC)
• Hyeokgeose, a Korean king of Silla (born in 75 BC)
• Lucius Cornelius Lentulus, a Roman consul

See also

In Spanish: Años 0 para niños