Enric Miralles facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Enric Miralles
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The Scottish Parliament Building committee room ceiling.
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| Born | 12 February 1955 |
| Died | 3 July 2000 (aged 45) Sant Feliu de Codines, Province of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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| Nationality | Spanish |
| Occupation | Architect |
| Awards |
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| Practice | Piñon-Viaplana Miralles + Pinós EMBT |
| Buildings | Scottish Parliament Building Igualada Cemetery |
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Enric Miralles Moya (born February 12, 1955 – died July 3, 2000) was a famous architect from Barcelona, Spain. He studied at the Barcelona School of Architecture and finished in 1978.
Enric first became well-known by working with his first wife, Carme Pinós. They worked together until 1991. Later, Enric married another architect, Benedetta Tagliabue. They started a company called EMBT Architects.
Enric's biggest and most important project was the new Scottish Parliament Building. Sadly, he passed away before it was finished.
Enric Miralles' Life Story
In 1978, Enric Miralles finished his architecture studies in Barcelona. From 1973 to 1978, he worked for other architects, Albert Viaplana and Helio Piñón. He helped design the Plaça dels Països Catalans, a large public square.
In 1984, after winning several design competitions, Enric started his own architecture office. He ran it with his first wife, Carme Pinós, until 1991. Their unique buildings gained international attention during a time when Spanish architecture was growing. They received many projects from Spain and other countries. After they separated, Enric and Carme continued to work in their own separate offices.
In 1993, Enric Miralles started a new company with his second wife, Benedetta Tagliabue. They called their firm "EMBT Architects". After Enric's death, Benedetta continued to lead the company. Some of their most important projects, like the Scottish Parliament Building and the Gas Natural office building in Barcelona, were completed after Enric passed away. Enric Miralles died at the age of 45 from a brain tumor.
Enric Miralles' Architecture Style
Enric Miralles had a very unique way of designing buildings. It's hard to put his style into a simple category. He was inspired by other Spanish architects like Alejandro de la Sota. He also looked up to international famous architects such as Le Corbusier and Alvar Aalto. The Russian Constructivist art movement from the early 1900s also influenced him.
His buildings often used strong materials like concrete and steel. They were designed to fit in with their surroundings, whether it was a city or a natural landscape. He often left the materials with their natural look.
Enric believed that every part of a building, even the smallest details, was important. He would design everything from the main shape of the building to the furniture inside. He used many drawings and models to create his designs. This helped him make sure every detail was perfect and meaningful.
Enric Miralles as a Teacher
Enric Miralles was also a very active teacher at many universities around the world. In 1985, he became a professor at the ETSAB in Barcelona, where he had studied. In 1990, he taught design at the Städelschule in Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
In 1993, Harvard University invited him to teach there. He also taught as a guest lecturer at many other famous universities. These included Columbia University in New York, Princeton University in New Jersey, and the Architectural Association in London. He also taught in Rotterdam, Glasgow, Buenos Aires, and Mexico City.
Key Projects and Buildings
Buildings Designed with Carme Pinós
- 1984 to 1986 La Llauna School in Badalona, Barcelona (province).
- 1985 Canopy for the Plaça Major in Parets del Vallès.
- 1985 to 1994 Igualada Cemetery in Igualada, Barcelona. This is a very famous and unique cemetery design.
- 1986 to 1992 Hostalets de Balenyà Civic Centre in Barcelona.
- 1986 to 1993 Boarding school in Morella, Castelló (province).
- 1987 to 1993 La Mina Civic Centre in Sant Adrià de Besòs, Barcelona.
- 1988 to 1992 A house in Bellaterra, Barcelona.
- 1989 to 1991 Olympic archery range for the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona.
- 1988 to 1992 Sportcentre in Huesca, Huesca (province).
- 1990 to 1991 Centre for rhythmic gymnastics in Alicante, Alicante (province).
- 1990 to 1992 Pergola for the Passeig Nova Icària in the Olympic village, Barcelona.
Buildings Designed with Benedetta Tagliabue
- 1991 to 2001 Park Santa Rosa in Mollet del Vallés, Barcelona (province).
- 1996 Six houses in Amsterdam, Netherlands.
- 1997 to 2000 Parc de Diagonal Mar in Barcelona.
- 1997 to 2000 Utrecht town hall extension in the Netherlands.
- 1997 to 2001 Library in Palafolls, Barcelona.
- 1997 to 2001 Santa Caterina Market hall conversion in Barcelona.
- 1998 to 2000 Extension of the national youth school of music in Hamburg, Germany.
- 1998 to 2002 Scottish Parliament Building in Edinburgh, Scotland. This was one of his most important works.
- 1999 Maretas Museum in Lanzarote, Spain.
- 1999 to 2006 Torre Mare Nostrum, the head office of Gas Natural in Barcelona.
- 2000 to 2005 New building for the architecture faculty in Venice, Italy.
Other Important Projects
Enric Miralles also worked on many other projects that were not always buildings. These included bridges, street designs, and competition entries for stadiums and libraries.
Projects with Carme Pinós
- 1985 to 1986 Bridge in Lleida, Catalonia.
- 1988 Street canopies for the Expo 1992 in Seville.
- 1989 to 1992 Promenade in Reus, Tarragona.
Projects with Benedetta Tagliabue
- 1993 Old Port Redevelopment competition in Bremerhaven, Germany.
- 1995 Chemnitz Stadium design.
- 1996 Japanese National Library design in Tokyo, Japan.
- 1997 Pier in Thessaloniki, Greece.
- 1998 San Michele Cemetery extension competition in Venice, Italy.
- 2000 Wolfsburg Science Center competition.
- 2007 Enric Miralles Public Library in Palafolls, Catalonia.
Furniture Designs
Enric Miralles also designed furniture.
- The Sentada chair for Artespaña.
- The Iñes Table (1993) – a special table designed for many uses, including working and storage.
Awards and Recognition
Enric Miralles received many awards for his amazing architectural work:
- 1985 FAD-Prize (Foment Arts Decoratives)
- 1992 FAD-Prize (Foment Arts Decoratives)
- 1995 Spanish Architecture Award
- 1996 "Golden Lion" from the Venice Biennale
- 2002 Netherlands "Bouwprijs"
- 2005 RIBA Stirling Prize for the Scottish Parliament Building (awarded after his death)
See also
In Spanish: Enric Miralles para niños
