List of Ottoman grand viziers facts for kids

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Quick facts for kids Grand vizier of the Ottoman Empire
Coat of arms of the Grand Vizier
Ahmet Tevfik Pasha
Style	His Excellency
Residence	Bab-ı Ali
Appointer	The sultan
Formation	1328
First holder	Alaeddin Pasha
Final holder	Ahmet Tevfik Pasha
Abolished	1 November 1922
Succession	Prime Minister of Turkey

The Grand Vizier was like the chief minister or prime minister of the Ottoman Empire. This powerful role meant they were the Sultan's main helper. They held the Sultan's special seal. They could also call all other important ministers, called viziers, to meetings. These meetings happened in the Imperial Council, often in a place called Kubbealtı at Topkapı Palace. The Grand Vizier's main office was at the Sublime Porte.

History of the Grand Vizier Role
Who Were the Grand Viziers?
Prime Ministers of the Grand National Assembly (1920–1923)
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See also

History of the Grand Vizier Role

In the early days of the Ottoman Empire, the title "vizier" was used for important officials. The first person to be called "Grand Vizier" was Çandarlı Kara Halil Hayreddin Pasha. This new title helped show that the Grand Vizier was the most important vizier. They were the only one who held the Sultan's personal seal. Over time, other names like sadrazam also meant Grand Vizier.

Later in the Ottoman Empire, especially after the 1800s, the Grand Vizier's job became very similar to a prime minister in Europe. Big changes, like the Tanzimat reforms and the start of the First and Second Constitutional Eras, made the Grand Vizier the head of a group of ministers, much like a modern government cabinet. During the constitutional periods, the Grand Vizier also led the Senate, which was part of the Ottoman Parliament.

When the Republic of Turkey was formed in 1923, the role of the Grand Vizier ended. The new job of Prime Minister of Turkey took over many of its duties.

Grand Viziers often changed quickly, which sometimes made the government unstable. In the last ten years of the Empire, the position changed hands 13 times. Some Grand Viziers, like Ahmed Izzet Pasha, held the job for less than a month.

Who Were the Grand Viziers?

This section lists some of the important Grand Viziers throughout Ottoman history.

Early Viziers (1320–1439)

Vizier		Time in Office			Sultan
Portrait	Nickname Name (Born–Died)	Started Job	Left Job	How Long	Sultan
	Alaeddin Pasha (d. 1331)	1320	1331	11 years	Osman I Sultan Osman I (1299–1326)
	Alaeddin Pasha (d. 1331)	1320	1331	11 years	Orhan Sultan Orhan (1326–1362)
	Mahmudoğlu Nizamüddin Ahmed Pasha (1281–1380)	1331	1348	17 years
	Mehmet Hacı Pasha (?)	1348	1349	1 year
	Sinanüddin Fakih Yusuf Pasha (d. 1364)	1349	September 1364 † (Died in office)	15 years
	Sinanüddin Fakih Yusuf Pasha (d. 1364)	1349	September 1364 † (Died in office)	15 years	Murad I Sultan Murad I (1362–1389)
	Kara Çandarlızade Halil Hayreddin Pasha (1330–1387)	1364	22 January 1387 † (Died in office)	23 years, 21 days
	Çandarlızade Ali Pasha (d. 1406)	1387	1406 † (Died in office)	19 years
					Bayezid I Sultan Bayezid I (1389–1402)
					Süleyman Çelebi Süleyman Çelebi (1402–1406)
	Osmancıklı Imamzade Halil Pasha (?)	1406	1413	7 years	Mehmed I Sultan Mehmed I (1413–1421)
	Amasyalı Bayezid Pasha (d. 1421)	1413	July 1421 † (Died in battle)	8 years	Mehmed I Sultan Mehmed I (1413–1421)
	Amasyalı Bayezid Pasha (d. 1421)	1413	July 1421 † (Died in battle)	8 years	Murad II Sultan Murad II (1421–1444)
	Çandarlızade Ibrahim Pasha the Elder (d. 1429)	1421	1429 † (Died in office)	8 years
	Koca Amasyalı Mehmed Nizamüddin Pasha (d. 1439)	1429	1439	10 years

Grand Viziers (1439–1839)

Grand Vizier		Time in Office			Sultan
Portrait	Nickname Name (Born–Died)	Started Job	Left Job	How Long	Sultan
	Çandarlızade Halil Pasha the Younger (d. 1453)	1439	1 June 1453 † (Executed)	14 years, 151 days	Murad II Sultan Murad II (1446–1451)
					Mehmed II Sultan Mehmed II (1444–1446)
					Murad II Sultan Murad II (1446–1451)
					Mehmed II Sultan Mehmed II (1451–1481)

	Zaganos Pasha (d. 1469)	1453	1456	3 years
Mahmud Pasha Angelović	Mahmud Pasha Angelović (1420–1474) First time	1456	1468	12 years
	Rum Mehmed Pasha (d. 1470)	1468	1469	1 year
	İshak Pasha (d. 1487) First time	1469	1472	3 years
Mahmud Pasha Angelović	Mahmud Pasha Angelović (1420–1474) Second time	1472	1474 † (Executed)	2 years
	Gedik Ahmed Pasha (d. 1482)	1474	1477	3 years
	Karamani Mehmed Pasha (d. 1481)	1477	4 May 1481 † (Executed)	4 years
	İshak Pasha (d. 1487) Second time	1481	1482	1 year	Bayezid II Sultan Bayezid II (1481–1512)
	Koca Davud Pasha (1446–1498)	1482	1497	15 years
	Hersekzade Ahmed Pasha (1459–1517) First time	1497	1498	1 year
	Çandarlızade Ibrahim Pasha the Younger (1429–1499)	1498	1499 † (Died in office)	1 year
Mesih Pasha Palaiologos	Mesih Pasha Palaiologos (d. 1501)	1499	November 1501 † (Died in office)	2 years
	Hadım Ali Pasha (d. 1511) First time	1501	1503	2 years
	Hersekzade Ahmed Pasha (1459–1517) Second time	1503	1506	3 years
	Hadım Ali Pasha (d. 1511) Second time	1506	July 1511 † (Died in battle)	5 years
	Hersekzade Ahmed Pasha (1459–1517) Third time	1511	1511	59 days
	Koca Mustafa Pasha (d. 1512)	1511	1512 † (Executed)	1 year
	Hersekzade Ahmed Pasha (1459–1517) Fourth time	1512	28 November 1514	2 years, 331 days	Selim I Sultan Selim I (1512–1520)
	Dukakinzade Ahmed Pasha (d. 1515)	18 December 1514	8 September 1515 † (Executed)	264 days
	Hersekzade Ahmed Pasha (1459–1517) Fifth time	8 September 1515	26 April 1516	231 days
	Hadım Sinan Pasha Borovinić (1459–1517)	26 April 1516	22 January 1517 † (Died in battle)	271 days
Yunus Pasha	Yunus Pasha (d. 1517)	22 January 1517	13 September 1517 † (Executed)	234 days
Piri Mehmed Pasha	Piri Mehmed Pasha (1465–1532)	25 January 1518	27 June 1523	5 years, 153 days
Piri Mehmed Pasha	Piri Mehmed Pasha (1465–1532)	25 January 1518	27 June 1523	5 years, 153 days	Suleiman I Sultan Suleiman I (1520–1566)
Pargalı Ibrahim Pasha	Pargalı İbrahim Pasha (1495–1536)	27 June 1523	14 March 1536 † (Executed)	12 years, 261 days
Ayas Mehmed Pasha	Ayas Mehmed Pasha (1483–1539)	14 March 1536	13 July 1539 † (Died in office)	3 years, 121 days
Lütfi Pasha	Çelebi Lütfi Pasha (1488–1564)	13 July 1539	April 1541	1 year, 262 days
Hadım Süleyman Pasha	Hadım Süleyman Pasha (1467–1547)	April 1541	28 November 1544	3 years, 241 days
Rüstem Pasha	Damat Rüstem Pasha (1500–1561) First time	28 November 1544	6 October 1553	8 years, 312 days
	Kara Ahmed Pasha (d. 1555)	6 October 1553	29 September 1555 † (Executed)	1 year, 358 days
Rüstem Pasha	Damat Rüstem Pasha (1500–1561) Second time	29 September 1555	10 July 1561 † (Died in office)	5 years, 284 days
	Semiz Ali Pasha (d. 1565)	10 July 1561	28 June 1565 † (Died in office)	3 years, 353 days
Sokollu Mehmed Pasha	Sokollu Mehmed Pasha (1506–1579)		12 October 1579 † (Assassinated)	14 years, 106 days
		28 June 1565			Selim II Sultan Selim II (1566–1574)
					Murad III Sultan Murad III (1574–1595)
	Semiz Ahmed Pasha (1492–1580)	12 October 1579	27 April 1580 † (Died in office)	199 days
Lala Kara Mustafa Pasha	Kara Lala Mustafa Pasha (1500–1580)	28 April 1580	7 August 1580 † (Died in office)	101 days
Koca Sinan Pasha	Koca Sinan Pasha (1506–1596) First time	7 August 1580	6 December 1582	2 years, 121 days
	Kanijeli Siyavuş Pasha (d. 1602) First time	24 December 1582	25 July 1584	1 year, 214 days
Özdemiroğlu Osman Pasha	Özdemiroğlu Osman Pasha (1526–1585)	28 July 1584	29 October 1585 † (Died in office)	1 year, 93 days
	Hadım Mesih Pasha (d. 1589)	1 November 1585	14 April 1586	164 days
	Kanijeli Siyavuş Pasha (d. 1602) Second time	14 April 1586	2 April 1589 (Removed from power)	2 years, 353 days
Koca Sinan Pasha	Koca Sinan Pasha (1506–1596) Second time	14 April 1589	1 August 1591	2 years, 109 days
Serdar Ferhad Pasha	Serdar Ferhad Pasha (d. 1595) First time	1 August 1591	4 April 1592	247 days
	Kanijeli Siyavuş Pasha (d. 1602) Third time	4 April 1592	28 January 1593	299 days
Koca Sinan Pasha	Koca Sinan Pasha (1506–1596) Third time	28 January 1593	16 February 1595	2 years, 19 days
Koca Sinan Pasha	Koca Sinan Pasha (1506–1596) Third time	28 January 1593	16 February 1595	2 years, 19 days	Mehmed III Sultan Mehmed III (1595–1603)
Serdar Ferhad Pasha	Serdar Ferhad Pasha (d. 1595) Second time	16 February 1595	7 July 1595	141 days
Koca Sinan Pasha	Koca Sinan Pasha (1506–1596) Fourth time	7 July 1595	19 November 1595	135 days
Tekeli Lala Mehmed Pasha	Lala Tekeli Mehmed Pasha (d. 1595)	19 November 1595	28 November 1595 † (Died in office)	9 days
Koca Sinan Pasha	Koca Sinan Pasha (1506–1596) Fifth time	1 December 1595	3 April 1596 † (Died in office)	124 days
	Damat Ibrahim Pasha (1517–1601) First time	4 April 1596	27 October 1596	206 days
Cığalazâde Yusuf Sinan Pasha	Cığalazâde Yusuf Sinan Pasha (1545–1605)	27 October 1596	5 December 1596	39 days
	Damat Ibrahim Pasha (1517–1601) Second time	5 December 1596	3 November 1597	332 days
	Hadım Hasan Pasha (d. 1598)	3 November 1597	9 April 1598 † (Executed)	157 days
	Cerrah Mehmed Pasha (d. 1604)	9 April 1598	6 January 1599	272 days
	Damat Ibrahim Pasha (1517–1601) Third time	6 January 1599	10 July 1601 † (Died in office)	2 years, 185 days
	Damat Yemişçi Hasan Pasha (1535–1603)	22 July 1601	4 October 1603 † (Executed)	2 years, 74 days
	Malkoç Yavuz Ali Pasha (d. 1604)	16 October 1603	26 July 1604 † (Died in office)	253 days
	Malkoç Yavuz Ali Pasha (d. 1604)	16 October 1603	26 July 1604 † (Died in office)	253 days	Ahmed I Sultan Ahmed I (1603–1617)
	Lala Sokolluzade Mehmed Pasha (d. 1606)	5 August 1604	21 June 1606 † (Died in office)	1 year, 320 days
	Boşnak Derviş Mehmed Pasha (1569–1606)	21 June 1606	9 December 1606 † (Executed)	171 days
Kuyucu Murad Pasha	Kuyucu Murad Pasha (1535–1611)	11 December 1606	5 August 1611 † (Died in office)	4 years, 237 days
	Damat Gümülcineli Nasuh Pasha (d. 1614)	5 August 1611	17 October 1614 † (Executed)	3 years, 73 days
Öküz Kara Mehmed Pasha	Öküz Kul Kıran Mehmed Pasha (d. 1619) First time	17 October 1614	17 November 1616	2 years, 31 days
	Damat Halil Pasha (1570–1629) First time		18 January 1619	2 years, 62 days
		17 November 1616			Mustafa I Sultan Mustafa I (1617–1618)
					Osman II Sultan Osman II (1618–1622)
Öküz Kara Mehmed Pasha	Öküz Kul Kıran Mehmed Pasha (d. 1619) Second time	18 January 1619	23 December 1619 † (Assassinated)	339 days
	Güzelce Ali Pasha (d. 1621)	23 December 1619	9 March 1621 † (Died in office)	1 year, 76 days
	Ohrili Hüseyin Pasha (d. 1622) First time	9 March 1621	17 September 1621	192 days
	Dilaver Pasha (d. 1622)	17 September 1621	19 May 1622 † (Killed by angry crowds)	244 days
	Ohrili Hüseyin Pasha (d. 1622) Second time	19 May 1622	20 May 1622 † (Killed by angry crowds)	1 day
	Kara Davud Pasha (1570–1623)	20 May 1622	13 June 1622 † (Executed)	24 days	Mustafa I Sultan Mustafa I (1622–1623)
	Mere Hüseyin Pasha (d. 1624) First time	13 June 1622	8 July 1622	25 days
	Lefkeli Mustafa Pasha (d. 1648)	8 July 1622	21 September 1622	75 days
	Lefkeli Mustafa Pasha (d. 1648)	8 July 1622	21 September 1622	75 days	Murad IV Sultan Murad IV (1623–1640)
	Hadım Mehmed Pasha (d. 1626)	21 September 1622	5 February 1623	137 days
	Mere Hüseyin Pasha (d. 1624) Second time	5 February 1623	30 August 1623	206 days
	Kara Kemankeş Ali Pasha (d. 1624)	30 August 1623	3 April 1624 † (Executed)	217 days
	Çerkez Mehmed Ali Pasha (d. 1625)	3 April 1624	28 January 1625 † (Died in office)	300 days
	Hafız Müezzinzade Ahmed Pasha (1564–1632) First time	8 February 1625	1 December 1626	1 year, 296 days
	Damat Halil Pasha (1570–1629) Second time	1 December 1626	6 April 1628	1 year, 127 days
	Gazi Ekrem Hüsrev Pasha (d. 1632)	6 April 1628	25 October 1631	3 years, 202 days
	Hafız Müezzinzade Ahmed Pasha (1564–1632) Second time	25 October 1631	10 February 1632 † (Killed by angry crowds)	108 days
	Topal Recep Pasha (d. 1632)	10 February 1632	18 May 1632 † (Executed)	98 days
	Tabanıyassı Mehmed Pasha (1589–1637)	18 May 1632	2 February 1637	4 years, 260 days
	Bayram Pasha (d. 1638)	2 February 1637	26 August 1638	1 year, 205 days
	Tayyar Mehmed Pasha (d. 1638)	27 August 1638	24 December 1638 † (Died in battle)	119 days
	Kara Kemankeş Mustafa Pasha (1592–1644)	23 December 1638	31 January 1644 † (Executed)	5 years, 39 days
	Kara Kemankeş Mustafa Pasha (1592–1644)	23 December 1638	31 January 1644 † (Executed)	5 years, 39 days	Ibrahim Sultan Ibrahim (1640–1648)
	Sultanzade Mehmet Pasha (1603–1646)	31 January 1644	17 December 1645	1 year, 320 days
	Nevesinli Salih Pasha (d. 1647)	17 December 1645	16 September 1647 † (Executed)	1 year, 273 days
	Kara Musa Pasha (d. 1649)	16 September 1647	21 September 1647	5 days
	Hazarpare Ahmet Pasha (d. 1648)	21 September 1647	8 August 1648 † (Killed by angry crowds)	322 days
	Sofu Mehmed Pasha (d. 1649)	8 August 1648	21 May 1649 † (Executed)	286 days	Mehmed IV Sultan Mehmed IV (1648–1687)
	Kara Dev Murat Pasha (1595–1655) First time	21 May 1649	5 August 1651	2 years, 76 days
Melek Ahmed Pasha	Damat Melek Ahmed Pasha (1604–1662)	5 August 1651	21 August 1651	16 days
	Abaza Siyavuş Pasha the Elder (d. 1656)	21 August 1651	27 September 1651	37 days
Gürcü Mehmed Pasha	Gürcü Mehmed Pasha (d. 1665)	27 September 1651	20 June 1652	267 days
	Tarhoncu Ahmed Pasha (d. 1653)	20 June 1652	21 March 1653 † (Executed)	274 days
	Koca Dervish Mehmed Pasha (d. 1655)	21 March 1653	28 October 1654	1 year, 221 days
	İpşiri Mustafa Pasha (1607–1655)	28 October 1654	11 May 1655 † (Executed)	195 days
	Kara Dev Murat Pasha (1595–1655) Second time	11 May 1655	19 August 1655	100 days
	Ermeni Suleyman Pasha (1607–1687)	19 August 1655	28 February 1656	193 days
	Deli Gazi Hüseyin Pasha (d. 1659)	28 February 1656	5 March 1656	6 days
	Zurnazen Mustafa Pasha (d. 1666)	5 March 1656	5 March 1656 (Removed from power)	4 hours
	Abaza Siyavuş Pasha the Elder (d. 1656)	5 March 1656	25 April 1656 † (Died in office)	51 days
	Boynuyaralı Mehmed Pasha (d. 1665)	26 April 1656	15 September 1656	142 days
Köprülü Mehmed Pasha	Köprülü Mehmed Pasha (1575–1661)	15 September 1656	31 October 1661 † (Died in office)	5 years, 46 days
Köprülüzade Fazıl Ahmed Pasha	Köprülüzade Fazıl Ahmed Pasha (1635–1676)	31 October 1661	19 October 1676 † (Died in office)	14 years, 354 days
Merzifonlu Kara Mustafa Pasha	Kara Merzifonlu Mustafa Pasha (1635–1683)	19 October 1676	25 December 1683 † (Executed)	7 years, 67 days
Kara İbrahim Pasha	Kara İbrahim Pasha (d. 1687)	15 December 1683	18 November 1685	1 year, 338 days
	Sarı Süleyman Pasha (d. 1687)	18 November 1685	18 September 1687 † (Removed from power)	3 years, 304 days
	Abaza Siyavuş Pasha the Younger (d. 1688)	18 September 1687	23 February 1688 † (Murdered)	158 days
	Abaza Siyavuş Pasha the Younger (d. 1688)	18 September 1687	23 February 1688 † (Murdered)	158 days	Suleiman II Sultan Suleiman II (1687–1691)
	Ayaşlı İsmail Kemalettin Pasha (1620–1690)	23 February 1688	2 May 1688	69 days
	Bekri Mustafa Pasha (d. 1690)	30 May 1688	7 November 1689	1 year, 161 days
	Gazi Köprülüzade Fazıl Mustafa Pasha (1637–1691)	10 November 1689	19 August 1691 † (Died in battle)	1 year, 282 days
	Gazi Köprülüzade Fazıl Mustafa Pasha (1637–1691)	10 November 1689	19 August 1691 † (Died in battle)	1 year, 282 days	Ahmed II Sultan Ahmed II (1691–1695)
	Arabacı Bahadırzade Ali Pasha (1620–1693)	24 August 1691	21 March 1692	210 days
	Hacı Çalık Ali Pasha (d. 1698)	23 March 1692	17 March 1693	359 days
	Bozoklu Mustafa Pasha (1638–1698)	17 March 1693	13 March 1694	360 days
	Sürmeli Ali Pasha (1645–1695)	13 March 1694	22 April 1695	359 days
	Sürmeli Ali Pasha (1645–1695)	13 March 1694	22 April 1695	359 days	Mustafa II Sultan Mustafa II (1695–1703)
	Elmas Mehmed Pasha (1661–1697)	3 May 1695	11 September 1697 † (Died in battle)	2 years, 131 days
Amcazade Köprülü Hüseyin Pasha	Amcazade Köprülü Hüseyin Pasha (1644–1702)	17 September 1697	4 September 1702	4 years, 352 days
	Daltaban Mustafa Pasha (d. 1703)	4 September 1702	24 January 1703 † (Executed)	142 days
	Rami Mehmed Pasha (1645–1706)	25 January 1703	22 August 1703 (Removed from power)	209 days
	Nişancı Kavanoz Ahmed Pasha (d. 1705)	22 August 1703	16 November 1703	86 days	Ahmed III Sultan Ahmed III (1703–1730)
	Damat Hasan Pasha (1658–1713)	18 November 1703	28 September 1704	315 days
	Hacı Kalaylıkoz Ahmed Pasha [tr] (d. 1715)	October 1704	25 December 1704	85 days
Baltacı Mehmed Pasha	Baltacı Mehmed Pasha (1652–1712) First time	25 December 1704	3 May 1706	1 year, 129 days
Çorlulu Ali Pasha	Damat Çorlulu Ali Pasha (1670–1711)	3 May 1706	15 June 1710	4 years, 43 days
	Köprülüzade Numan Pasha (1670–1719)	16 June 1710	17 August 1710	62 days
Baltacı Mehmed Pasha	Baltacı Mehmed Pasha (1652–1712) Second time	18 August 1710	20 November 1711	1 year, 94 days
	Ağa Gürcü Yusuf Pasha (d. 1713)	20 November 1711	11 November 1712	357 days
	Nişancı Süleyman Pasha (d. 1715)	12 November 1712	6 April 1713	145 days
	Hoca Ibrahim Pasha [tr] (d. 1713)	6 April 1713	7 April 1713 † (Executed)	1 day
Silahdar Damat Ali Pasha	Damat Silahdar Ali Pasha (1667–1716)	27 April 1713	5 August 1716 † (Died in battle)	3 years, 100 days
	Hacı Halil Pasha (d. 1733)	21 August 1716	26 August 1717	1 year, 5 days
	Nişancı Mehmed Pasha [tr] (d. 1728)	26 August 1717	9 May 1718	256 days
Nevşehirli Damat Ibrahim Pasha	Damat Nevşehirli Ibrahim Pasha (1662–1730)	9 May 1718	1 October 1730 † (Killed by angry crowds)	12 years, 145 days
	Damat Silahdar Mehmed Pasha [tr] (d. 1737)	16 October 1730	23 January 1731	99 days	Mahmud I Sultan Mahmud I (1730–1754)
	Kabakulak Ibrahim Pasha [tr] (d. 1743)	23 January 1731	11 September 1731	231 days
Topal Osman Pasha	Topal Osman Pasha (1663–1733)	21 September 1731	12 March 1732	173 days
	Hekimoğlu Ali Pasha (1689–1758) First time	12 March 1732	14 July 1735	3 years, 124 days
	Gürcü İsmail Pasha [tr] (d. 1738)	14 July 1735	25 December 1735	164 days
	Silahdar Seyyid Mehmed Pasha [tr] (d. 1757)	10 January 1736	5 August 1737	1 year, 207 days
	Muhsinzade Abdullah Pasha [tr] (1661–1757)	22 August 1737	19 December 1737	119 days
	Yeğen Mehmed Pasha [tr] (d. 1745)	3 December 1737	23 March 1739	1 year, 110 days
	İvazzade Mehmed Pasha (d. 1743)	17 March 1739	23 June 1740	1 year, 98 days
Nişancı Ahmed Pasha	Nişancı Kör Hacı Ahmed Pasha (d. 1753)	22 July 1740	7 April 1742	2 years, 259 days
	Hekimoğlu Ali Pasha (1689–1758) Second time	21 April 1742	4 October 1742	166 days
	Seyyid Hasan Pasha (d. 1748)	4 October 1742	10 August 1746	3 years, 310 days
	Hacı Tiryaki Mehmed Pasha [tr] (1680–1751)	11 August 1746	24 August 1747	1 year, 13 days
	Seyyid Abdullah Pasha (d. 1760)	24 August 1747	2 January 1750	2 years, 131 days
	Divitdar Mehmed Emin Pasha (d. 1753)	9 January 1750	1 July 1752	2 years, 174 days
	Köse Bahir Mustafa Pasha (d. 1765)	1 July 1752	16 February 1755	2 years, 230 days
	Köse Bahir Mustafa Pasha (d. 1765)	1 July 1752	16 February 1755	2 years, 230 days	Osman III (1754–1757)
	Hekimoğlu Ali Pasha (1689–1758) Third time	16 February 1755	19 May 1755	92 days
	Naili Abdullah Pasha (d. 1758)	19 May 1755	24 August 1755	97 days
	Nişancı Silahdar Bıyıklı Ali Paşa [tr] (d. 1755)	24 August 1755	23 October 1755 † (Executed)	60 days
Yirmisekizzade Mehmed Said Pasha	Yirmisekizzade Mehmed Said Pasha (d. 1761)	25 October 1755	1 April 1756	159 days
	Köse Bahir Mustafa Pasha (d. 1765) First time	30 April 1756	3 December 1756	217 days
	Koca Mehmet Ragıp Pasha (1698–1763)	12 January 1757	8 April 1763 † (Died in office)	6 years, 86 days
	Koca Mehmet Ragıp Pasha (1698–1763)	12 January 1757	8 April 1763 † (Died in office)	6 years, 86 days	Mustafa III Sultan Mustafa III (1757–1774)
	Hamza Hamid Pasha [tr] (1688–1770)	11 April 1763	29 September 1763	171 days
	Köse Bahir Mustafa Pasha (d. 1765) Second time	29 September 1763	30 March 1765 † (Executed)	1 year, 213 days
	Muhsinzade Mehmed Pasha [tr] (1704–1774) First time	30 March 1765	7 August 1768	3 years, 130 days
	Silahdar Hamza Mahir Pasha [tr] (1727–1771)	7 August 1768	20 October 1768	74 days
	Yağlıkçızade Mehmed Emin Pasha [tr] (1724–1769)	20 October 1768	12 August 1769 † (Executed)	296 days
	Moldovancı Ali Pasha [tr] (d. 1773)	12 August 1769	12 December 1769	122 days
	İvazzade Halil Pasha (1724–1777)	13 December 1769	25 December 1770	1 year, 12 days
	Silahdar Cihangirli Mehmed Paşa [tr] (1710–1788)	25 December 1770	11 December 1771	351 days
	Muhsinzade Mehmed Pasha [tr] (1704–1774) Second time	11 December 1771	6 August 1774 † (Died in office)	2 years, 238 days
	Muhsinzade Mehmed Pasha [tr] (1704–1774) Second time	11 December 1771	6 August 1774 † (Died in office)	2 years, 238 days	Abdul Hamid I Sultan Abdul Hamid I (1774–1789)
	İzzet Mehmed Pasha (1723–1784) First time	11 August 1774	7 July 1775	330 days
	Yağlıkçızade Derviş Mehmed Pasha [tr] (1735–1777)	7 July 1775	5 January 1777	1 year, 182 days
	Darendeli Cebecizade Mehmed Pasha [tr] (1714–1784)	5 January 1777	1 September 1778	1 year, 239 days
	Kalafat Mehmed Pasha [tr] (d. 1792)	1 September 1778	22 August 1779	355 days
	Silahdar Seyyid Mehmed Pasha [tr] (1735–1781)	22 August 1779	20 February 1781 † (Died in office)	1 year, 182 days
	İzzet Mehmed Pasha (1723–1784) Second time	20 February 1781	25 August 1782	1 year, 186 days
	Hacı Yeğen Mehmed Paşa [tr] (1726–1787)	25 August 1782	31 December 1782	128 days
Halil Hamid Pasha	Halil Hamid Pasha (1736–1785)	31 December 1782	30 April 1785 † (Executed)	2 years, 120 days
	Şahin Ali Paşa [tr] (d. 1789)	30 April 1785	25 January 1786	270 days
Koca Yusuf Pasha	Koca Yusuf Pasha (1730–1800) First time	25 January 1786	28 May 1789	3 years, 123 days
Koca Yusuf Pasha	Koca Yusuf Pasha (1730–1800) First time	25 January 1786	28 May 1789	3 years, 123 days	Selim III Sultan Selim III (1789–1807)
	Meyyit Kethüda Hasan Pasha (d. 1810)	28 May 1789	2 January 1790	219 days
Cezayirli Gazi Hasan Pasha	Gazi Cezayirli Hasan Pasha (1713–1790)	2 January 1790	30 March 1790 † (Died in office)	87 days
	Çelebizade Şerif Hasan Pasha [tr] (d. 1791)	16 April 1790	12 February 1791 † (Assassinated)	302 days
Koca Yusuf Pasha	Koca Yusuf Pasha (1730–1800) Second time	12 February 1791	1792	323 days
	Damat Melek Mehmed Pasha [tr] (1719–1802)	1792	21 October 1794	2 years, 293 days
	Safranbolulu İzzet Mehmet Pasha (1743–1812)	21 October 1794	23 October 1798	4 years, 2 days
Kör Yusuf Ziyaüddin Pasha	Kör Yusuf Ziyaüddin Pasha (d. 1819) First time	23 October 1798	24 June 1805	6 years, 244 days
	Bostancıbaşı Hafız İsmail Pasha [tr] (1758–1807)	24 September 1805	13 October 1806	1 year, 19 days
	Keçiboynuzu İbrahim Hilmi Pasha [tr] (1747–1825)	13 October 1806	3 June 1807	233 days
	Keçiboynuzu İbrahim Hilmi Pasha [tr] (1747–1825)	13 October 1806	3 June 1807	233 days	Mustafa IV Sultan Mustafa IV (1807–1808)
	Çelebi Mustafa Pasha [tr] (d. 1811)	3 June 1807	28 July 1808	1 year, 55 days	Mustafa IV Sultan Mustafa IV (1807–1808)
Alemdar Mustafa Pasha	Alemdar/Bayrakdar Mustafa Pasha (1750–1808)	29 July 1808	15 November 1808 †	109 days	Mahmud II Sultan Mahmud II (1808–1839)
	Çavuşbaşı Memiş Pasha [tr] (d. 1809)	16 November 1808	December 1808	15 days
	Çarhacı Ali Pasha [tr] (d. 1823)	December 1808	March 1809	90 days
Kör Yusuf Ziyaüddin Pasha	Kör Yusuf Ziyaüddin Pasha (d. 1819) Second time	March 1809	February 1811	1 year, 337 days
	Laz Aziz Ahmed Pasha (d. 1819)	February 1811	July 1812	1 year, 151 days
Hurşit Ahmed Pasha	Hurşit Ahmed Pasha (d. 1822)	July 1812	30 March 1815	2 years, 272 days
Mehmed Emin Rauf Pasha	Mehmed Emin Rauf Pasha (1780–1860) First time	30 March 1815	6 January 1818	2 years, 282 days
	Burdurlu Derviş Mehmed Pasha [tr] (1765–1837)	6 January 1818	5 January 1820	1 year, 364 days
	Seyyid Ispartalı Ali Pasha [tr] (1756–1826)	5 January 1820	21 April 1821	1 year, 106 days
	Benderli Ali Pasha (d. 1821)	21 April 1821	30 April 1821 † (Executed)	9 days
	Hacı İzmirli Salih Pasha [tr] (d. 1828)	30 April 1821	11 November 1822	1 year, 195 days
	Bostancıbaşı Deli Abdullah Pasha [tr] (d. 1823)	11 November 1822	4 March 1823	113 days
	Silahdar Turnacızade Ali Pasha [tr] (d. 1829)	4 March 1823	13 December 1823	284 days
	Mehmed Said Galip Pasha (1763–1829)	13 December 1823	15 September 1824	277 days
	Mehmed Selim Pasha (1771–1831)	15 September 1824	26 October 1828	4 years, 41 days
Topal İzzet Mehmed Pasha	Topal İzzet Mehmed Pasha (1792–1855)	26 October 1828	28 January 1829	94 days
Reşid Mehmed Pasha	Reşid Mehmed Pasha (1780–1836)	28 January 1829	17 February 1833	4 years, 20 days
Mehmed Emin Rauf Pasha	Mehmed Emin Rauf Pasha (1780–1860) Second time	17 February 1833	8 July 1839	6 years, 141 days
Mehmed Emin Rauf Pasha	Mehmed Emin Rauf Pasha (1780–1860) Second time	17 February 1833	8 July 1839	6 years, 141 days	Abdulmejid I Sultan Abdulmejid I (1839–1861)
Koca Hüsrev Mehmed Pasha	Koca Hüsrev Mehmed Pasha (1769–1855)	8 July 1839	3 November 1839	118 days	Abdulmejid I Sultan Abdulmejid I (1839–1861)
The Edict of Gülhane was announced, starting a period of major government changes.

Grand Viziers During the Tanzimat Era (1839–1876)

The Edict of Gülhane was a big announcement that started the Tanzimat period. This was a time of many important changes to how the government was run.

Grand Vizier		Time in Office			Sultan
Portrait	Nickname Name (Born–Died)	Started Job	Left Job	How Long	Sultan
Koca Hüsrev Mehmed Pasha	Koca Hüsrev Mehmed Pasha (1769–1855)	3 November 1839	29 May 1841	1 year, 207 days	Abdulmejid I Sultan Abdulmejid I (1839–1861)
Mehmed Emin Rauf Pasha	Mehmed Emin Rauf Pasha (1780–1860) Third time	29 May 1841	7 October 1841	131 days
Topal İzzet Mehmed Pasha	Topal İzzet Mehmed Pasha (1792–1855)	7 October 1841	3 September 1842	331 days
Mehmed Emin Rauf Pasha	Mehmed Emin Rauf Pasha (1780–1860) Fourth time	3 September 1842	31 July 1846	3 years, 331 days
Mustafa Reşid Pasha	Koca Mustafa Reşid Pasha (1800–1858) First time	31 July 1846	28 April 1848	1 year, 272 days
İbrahim Sarim Pasha	İbrahim Sarim Pasha (1801–1853)	28 April 1848	13 August 1848	107 days
Mustafa Reşid Pasha	Koca Mustafa Reşid Pasha (1800–1858) Second time	13 August 1848	26 January 1852	3 years, 166 days
Mehmed Emin Rauf Pasha	Mehmed Emin Rauf Pasha (1780–1860) Fifth time	27 January 1852	7 March 1852	40 days
Mustafa Reşit Pasha	Koca Mustafa Reşit Pasha (1800–1858) Third time	7 March 1852	7 August 1852	153 days
Mehmed Emin Âli Pasha	Mehmed Emin Âli Pasha (1815–1871) First time	7 August 1852	4 October 1852	58 days
Damat Mehmed Ali Pasha	Damat Mehmed Ali Pasha (1813–1868)	4 October 1852	14 May 1853	222 days
Mustafa Naili Pasha	Mustafa Naili Pasha (1798–1871) First time	14 May 1853	30 May 1854	1 year, 16 days
Kıbrıslı Mehmed Emin Pasha	Kıbrıslı Mehmed Emin Pasha (1813–1871) First time	30 May 1854	24 November 1854	178 days
Mustafa Reşid Pasha	Koca Mustafa Reşid Pasha (1800–1858) Fourth time	24 November 1854	4 May 1855	161 days
Mehmed Emin Âli Pasha	Mehmed Emin Âli Pasha (1815–1871) Second time	4 May 1855	1 December 1856	1 year, 211 days
Mustafa Reşid Pasha	Koca Mustafa Reşid Pasha (1800–1858) Fifth time	1 December 1856	2 August 1857	244 days
Mustafa Naili Pasha	Mustafa Naili Pasha (1798–1871) Second time	2 August 1857	23 October 1857	82 days
Mustafa Reşid Pasha	Koca Mustafa Reşid Pasha (1800–1858) Sixth time	23 October 1857	7 January 1858 † (Died in office)	76 days
Mehmed Emin Âli Pasha	Mehmed Emin Âli Pasha (1815–1871) Third time	11 January 1858	8 October 1859	1 year, 270 days
Kıbrıslı Mehmed Emin Pasha	Kıbrıslı Mehmed Emin Pasha (1813–1871) Second time	8 October 1859	24 December 1859	77 days
Mütercim Mehmed Rüşdi Pasha	Mütercim Mehmed Rüşdi Pasha (1811–1882) First time	24 December 1859	27 May 1860	155 days
Kıbrıslı Mehmed Emin Pasha	Kıbrıslı Mehmed Emin Pasha (1813–1871) Third time	27 May 1860	6 August 1861	1 year, 71 days
Kıbrıslı Mehmed Emin Pasha	Kıbrıslı Mehmed Emin Pasha (1813–1871) Third time	27 May 1860	6 August 1861	1 year, 71 days	Abdulaziz Sultan Abdulaziz (1861–1876)
Mehmed Emin Âli Pasha	Mehmed Emin Âli Pasha (1815–1871) Fourth time	6 August 1861	22 November 1861	108 days
Keçecizade Mehmed Fuad Pasha	Keçecizade Mehmed Fuad Pasha (1814–1869) First time	22 November 1861	6 January 1863	1 year, 45 days
Yusuf Kamil Pasha	Yusuf Kamil Pasha (1808–1876)	6 January 1863	3 June 1863	148 days
Keçecizade Mehmed Fuad Pasha	Keçecizade Mehmed Fuad Pasha (1814–1869) Second time	3 June 1863	5 June 1866	3 years, 2 days
Mütercim Mehmed Rüşdi Pasha	Mütercim Mehmed Rüşdi Pasha (1811–1882) Second time	5 June 1866	11 February 1867	251 days
Mehmed Emin Âli Pasha	Mehmed Emin Âli Pasha (1815–1871) Fifth time	11 February 1867	7 September 1871 † (Died in office)	4 years, 208 days
Mahmud Nedim Pasha	Mahmud Nedim Pasha (1818–1883) First time	7 September 1871	31 July 1872	328 days
Ahmed Şefik Midhat Pasha	Ahmed Şefik Midhat Pasha (1822–1883) First time	31 July 1872	19 October 1872	80 days
Mütercim Mehmed Rüşdi Pasha	Mütercim Mehmed Rüşdi Pasha (1811–1882) Third time	19 October 1872	15 February 1873	119 days
Sakızlı Ahmed Esat Pasha	Ahmed Esat Pasha (1828–1875) First time	15 February 1873	15 April 1873	59 days
Şirvanizade Mehmed Rüşdi Pasha	Şirvanizade Mehmed Rüşdi Pasha (1828–1874)	15 April 1873	14 February 1874	305 days
Hüseyin Avni Pasha	Hüseyin Avni Pasha (1820–1876)	14 February 1874	25 April 1875	1 year, 70 days
Sakızlı Ahmed Esat Pasha	Ahmed Esat Pasha (1828–1875) Second time	25 April 1875	21 August 1875 † (Died in office)	118 days
Mahmud Nedim Pasha	Mahmud Nedim Pasha (1818–1883) Second time	21 August 1875	11 May 1876 (Removed from power)	264 days
Mütercim Mehmed Rüşdi Pasha	Mütercim Mehmed Rüşdi Pasha (1811–1882) Fourth time	12 May 1876	19 December 1876	221 days
					Murad V Sultan Murad V (1876)
					Abdul Hamid II Sultan Abdul Hamid II (1876–1909)
The Constitution was put into effect.

Grand Viziers During the First Constitutional Monarchy (1876–1878)

Under pressure from a group called the Young Ottomans, Abdul Hamid II agreed to a constitution and a parliament when he became Sultan. Union and Progress Party Liberty Party, Freedom and Accord Party

Grand Vizier		Time in Office			Parliament	Government	Sultan
Portrait	Nickname Name (Born–Died)	Started Job	Left Job	How Long	Parliament	Government	Sultan
Ahmed Şefik Midhat Pasha	Ahmed Şefik Midhat Pasha (1822–1883) Second time	19 December 1876	5 February 1877	48 days	—	Midhat II	Abdul Hamid II Sultan Abdul Hamid II (1876–1909)
İbrahim Edhem Pasha	İbrahim Edhem Pasha (1819–1893)	5 February 1877	11 January 1878	340 days	—	Edhem
					First (1876)
					Second (1877)
Ahmed Hamdi Pasha	Ahmed Hamdi Pasha (1826–1885)	11 January 1878	4 February 1878	24 days		Hamdi
Ahmed Vefik Pasha	Ahmed Vefik Pasha (1823–1891) First time	4 February 1878	18 April 1878	73 days		Vefik I
The Constitution was paused.

Grand Viziers During the İstibdat Era (1878–1908)

Sultan Abdul Hamid II stopped the constitution and parliament after a war in 1877–1878. He ruled the Ottoman Empire alone for the next thirty years. His opponents called this time the İstibdat era, meaning "despotism" or absolute rule. Union and Progress Party Liberty Party, Freedom and Accord Party

Grand Vizier		Time in Office			Government	Sultan
Portrait	Nickname Name (Born–Died)	Started Job	Left Job	How Long	Government	Sultan
Ahmed Vefik Pasha	Ahmed Vefik Pasha (1823–1891) First time	4 February 1878	18 April 1878	73 days	Vefik I	Abdul Hamid II Sultan Abdul Hamid II (1876–1909)
Mehmed Sadık Pasha	Mehmed Sadık Pasha (1826–1901)	18 April 1878	28 May 1878	40 days	Sadık
Mütercim Mehmed Rüşdi Pasha	Mütercim Mehmed Rüşdi Pasha (1811–1882) Fifth time	28 May 1878	4 June 1878	7 days	Mütercim Rüşdi V
Mehmed Esat Saffet Pasha	Mehmed Esat Saffet Pasha (1814–1883)	4 June 1878	October 1878	119 days	Saffet
Tunuslu Hayreddin Pasha	Tunuslu Hayreddin Pasha (1820–1890)	October 1878	28 July 1879	300 days	Hayreddin
Ahmed Arifi Pasha	Ahmed Arifi Pasha (1830–1896)	28 July 1879	September 1879	35 days	Arifi
Küçük Mehmed Said Pasha	Küçük Mehmed Said Pasha (1838–1914) First time	18 October 1879	9 June 1880	235 days	Said I
Cenanizade Mehmed Kadri Pasha	Cenanizade Mehmed Kadri Pasha (1832–1884)	9 June 1880	12 September 1880	95 days	Kadri
Küçük Mehmed Said Pasha	Küçük Mehmed Said Pasha (1838–1914) Second time	12 September 1880	2 May 1882	1 year, 232 days	Said II
Abdurrahman Nureddin Pasha	Abdurrahman Nureddin Pasha (1833–1912)	2 May 1882	12 July 1882	71 days	Nureddin
Küçük Mehmed Said Pasha	Küçük Mehmed Said Pasha (1838–1914) Third time	12 July 1882	30 November 1882	141 days	Said III
Ahmed Vefik Pasha	Ahmed Vefik Pasha (1823–1891) Second time	1 December 1882	3 December 1882	2 days	Vefik II
Küçük Mehmed Said Pasha	Küçük Mehmed Said Pasha (1838–1914) Fourth time	3 December 1882	24 September 1885	2 years, 295 days	Said IV
Mehmed Kâmil Pasha	Kıbrıslı Mehmed Kâmil Pasha (1833–1913) First time	25 September 1885	4 September 1891	5 years, 344 days	Kâmil I
Ahmed Cevat Şakir Pasha	Ahmed Cevat Şakir Pasha (1851–1900)	4 September 1891	8 June 1895	3 years, 277 days	Şakir
Küçük Mehmed Said Pasha	Küçük Mehmed Said Pasha (1838–1914) Fifth time	9 June 1895	3 October 1895	116 days	Said V
Mehmed Kâmil Pasha	Kıbrıslı Mehmed Kâmil Pasha (1833–1913) Second time	3 October 1895	7 November 1895	35 days	Kâmil II
Halil Rifat Pasha	Halil Rifat Pasha (1820–1901)	7 November 1895	9 November 1901 † (Died in office)	6 years, 2 days	Rifat
Küçük Mehmed Said Pasha	Küçük Mehmed Said Pasha (1838–1914) Sixth time	13 November 1901	15 January 1903	1 year, 63 days	Said VI
Mehmed Ferid Pasha	Mehmed Ferid Pasha (1851–1914)	15 January 1903	22 July 1908	5 years, 189 days	Avyonyalı Ferid
The Young Turk Revolution happened, and the constitution was put back into effect.

Grand Viziers During the Second Constitutional Monarchy (1908–1920)

The Young Turks forced Abdul Hamid II to bring back the constitution and parliament on July 24, 1908. During this time, political parties became important. Union and Progress Party Liberty Party, Freedom and Accord Party

Grand Vizier		Time in Office			Political Party		Government	Parliament	Sultan
Portrait	Nickname Name (Born–Died)	Started Job	Left Job	How Long	Political Party		Government	Parliament	Sultan
Küçük Mehmed Said Pasha	Küçük Mehmed Said Pasha (1838–1914) Seventh time	22 July 1908	6 August 1908	15 days		Independent	Said VII	—	Abdul Hamid II Sultan Abdul Hamid II (1876–1909)
Mehmed Kâmil Pasha	Kıbrıslı Mehmed Kâmil Pasha (1833–1913) Third time	5 August 1908	14 February 1909 (Removed from power)	193 days		Independent	Kâmil III
						Liberty Party
						Liberty Party		Third (1908)
Hüseyin Hilmi Pasha	Hüseyin Hilmi Pasha (1855–1922) First time	14 February 1909	14 April 1909 (Removed from power)	59 days		Independent	Hilmi I
Ahmet Tevfik Pasha	Ahmet Tevfik Pasha (Okday) (1845–1936) First time	14 April 1909	5 May 1909 (Removed from power)	21 days			Tevfik I
Ahmet Tevfik Pasha	Ahmet Tevfik Pasha (Okday) (1845–1936) First time	14 April 1909	5 May 1909 (Removed from power)	21 days			Tevfik I		Mehmed V Sultan Mehmed V (1909–1918)
Hüseyin Hilmi Pasha	Hüseyin Hilmi Pasha (1855–1922) Second time	5 May 1909	15 August 1909	252 days			Hilmi II
Hüseyin Hilmi Pasha	Hüseyin Hilmi Pasha (1855–1922) Second time	15 August 1909	12 January 1910	252 days			Hilmi III
İbrahim Hakkı Pasha	İbrahim Hakkı Pasha (1862–1918)	12 January 1910	30 September 1911	1 year, 261 days			Hakkı
Küçük Mehmed Said Pasha	Küçük Mehmed Said Pasha (1838–1914) Eighth and ninth time	30 September 1911	31 December 1911	296 days			Said VIII
		30 September 1911	31 December 1911				Said VIII	Fourth (1912)
		31 December 1911	22 July 1912 (Removed from power)				Said IX
Ahmed Muhtar Pasha	Gazi Ahmed Muhtar Pasha (1839–1919)	22 July 1912	29 October 1912	99 days			Muhtar
Ahmed Muhtar Pasha	Gazi Ahmed Muhtar Pasha (1839–1919)	22 July 1912	29 October 1912	99 days			Muhtar	—
Mehmed Kâmil Pasha	Kıbrıslı Mehmed Kâmil Pasha (1833–1913) Fourth time	29 October 1912	23 January 1913 (Removed from power)	86 days		Freedom and Accord Party	Kâmil IV
Mahmud Şevket Pasha	Mahmud Şevket Pasha (1856–1913)	23 January 1913	11 June 1913 † (Assassinated)	139 days		Independent	Şevket
Said Halim Pasha	Said Halim Pasha (1865–1921)	12 June 1913	3 February 1917	3 years, 236 days		Union and Progress Party	Said Halim
Said Halim Pasha	Said Halim Pasha (1865–1921)	12 June 1913	3 February 1917	3 years, 236 days			Said Halim	Fifth (1914)
Mehmed Talât Pasha	Mehmed Talât Pasha (1874–1921) First and second time	4 February 1917	4 July 1918	1 year, 246 days			Talât I
Mehmed Talât Pasha	Mehmed Talât Pasha (1874–1921) First and second time	4 July 1918	8 October 1918	1 year, 246 days			Talât II		Mehmed VI Sultan Mehmed VI (1918–1922)
Ahmed İzzet Pasha	Ahmed İzzet Pasha (Furgaç) (1864–1937)	14 October 1918	11 November 1918	28 days			Furgaç
Ahmed İzzet Pasha	Ahmed İzzet Pasha (Furgaç) (1864–1937)	14 October 1918	11 November 1918	28 days		Independent	Furgaç
Ahmet Tevfik Pasha	Ahmet Tevfik Pasha (Okday) (1845–1936) Second time	11 November 1918	12 January 1919	113 days			Tevfik II
		11 November 1918	12 January 1919				Tevfik II	—
		12 January 1919	24 February 1919				Tevfik III
		24 February 1919	3 March 1919				Tevfik IV
Mehmed Adil Ferid Pasha	Damat Mehmed Adil Ferid Pasha (1853–1923) First, second, and third time	4 March 1919	15 May 1919	210 days		Freedom and Accord Party	Ferid I
		19 May 1919	20 July 1919			Freedom and Accord Party	Ferid II
		19 May 1919	20 July 1919			Independent	Ferid II
		21 July 1919	30 September 1919				Ferid III
Ali Rıza Pasha	Ali Rıza Pasha (1860–1932)	2 October 1919	9 February 1920	153 days			Ali Rıza I
		2 October 1919	9 February 1920				Ali Rıza I	Sixth (1919)
		9 February 1920	3 March 1920				Ali Rıza II
Salih Hulusi Pasha	Salih Hulusi Pasha (Kezrak) (1864–1939)	8 March 1920	2 April 1920	25 days			Hulusi
The Constitution was paused again.

The Last Grand Viziers (1920–1922)

After the Second Constitutional Era ended in 1920, there were two governments in Turkey. One was in Constantinople, and the other was in Ankara. Both claimed to be the real government. Sultan Mehmed VI stopped the constitution and parliament. This happened when the parliament supported the National Pact during the Turkish War of Independence. Union and Progress Party Liberty Party, Freedom and Accord Party

Grand Vizier		Time in Office			Political Party		Cabinet	Sultan
Portrait	Nickname Name (Born–Died)	Started Job	Left Job	How Long	Political Party		Cabinet	Sultan
Mehmed Adil Ferid Pasha	Damat Mehmed Adil Ferid Pasha (1853–1923) Fourth and Fifth times	5 April 1920	July 31 1920	199 days		Independent	Ferid IV	Mehmed VI Sultan Mehmed VI (1918–1922)
Mehmed Adil Ferid Pasha		July 31 1920	21 October 1920	199 days			Ferid V
Ahmet Tevfik Pasha	Ahmet Tevfik Pasha (Okday) (1845–1936) Third time	21 October 1920	4 November 1922	2 years, 14 days			Tevfik V
The Ottoman Empire ended.

At a meeting in London, Ahmet Tevfik Pasha said that the government in Ankara was the real government of Turkey. On November 1, 1922, the Grand National Assembly voted to end the Sultanate. Ahmet Tevfik Pasha was the very last Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire. He left his job on November 4, 1922, and was not replaced.

Prime Ministers of the Grand National Assembly (1920–1923)

This section lists the leaders of the new government in Ankara, which later became the Republic of Turkey.

Prime Minister			Time in Office			Political Party		Cabinet	Parliament	Speaker
Portrait		Nickname Name (Born–Died)	Started Job	Left Job	How Long	Political Party		Cabinet	Parliament	Speaker
1	Mustafa Kemal Pasha (Atatürk)	Gazi Mustafa Kemal Pasha (Atatürk) (1881–1938)	3 May 1920	24 January 1921	266 days		Independent	Atatürk	First (1920)	Mustafa Kemal Pasha (Atatürk) Mustafa Kemal Pasha (Atatürk) (1920–1923)
2	Mustafa Fevzi Pasha (Çakmak)	Mustafa Fevzi Pasha (Çakmak) (1876–1950) First and second time	24 January 1921	19 May 1921	1 year, 166 days			Çakmak I
2	Mustafa Fevzi Pasha (Çakmak)		19 May 1921	9 July 1922	1 year, 166 days			Çakmak II
3	Hüseyin Rauf Pasha (Orbay)	Hüseyin Rauf Pasha (Orbay) (1881–1964)	12 July 1922	4 August 1923	1 year, 23 days			Orbay
4	Ali Fethi (Okyar)	Ali Fethi (Okyar) (1880–1943)	14 August 1923	27 October 1923	74 days			Okyar
The Republic of Turkey was declared.