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Sangamon County, Illinois facts for kids

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Sangamon County
Sangamon County Courthouse
Sangamon County Courthouse
Flag of Sangamon County
Flag
Official seal of Sangamon County
Seal
Map of Illinois highlighting Sangamon County
Location within the U.S. state of Illinois
Map of the United States highlighting Illinois
Illinois's location within the U.S.
Country  United States
State  Illinois
Founded 1821
Named for Sangamon River
Seat Springfield
Largest city Springfield
Area
 • Total 877 sq mi (2,270 km2)
 • Land 868 sq mi (2,250 km2)
 • Water 8.7 sq mi (23 km2)  1.0%
Population
 (2010)
 • Total 197,465
 • Estimate 
(2019)
194,672
 • Density 225.16/sq mi (86.93/km2)
Congressional districts 13th, 18th

Sangamon County is located in the center of the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2010 census, it had a population of 197,465. Its county seat and largest city is Springfield, the state capital.

Sangamon County is included in the Springfield, IL Metropolitan Statistical Area.

History

Sangamon County was formed in 1821 out of Madison and Bond counties. The county was named for the Sangamon River, which runs through it. The origin of the name of the river is unknown; among several explanations is the theory that is comes from the Pottawatomie word Sain-guee-mon (pronounced "sang gä mun") meaning "where there is plenty to eat." Published histories of neighboring Menard County (formed from Sangamon County) suggest that the name was first given to the river by the French explorers of the late 17th century as they passed through the region. The river was named to honor "St. Gamo", or Saint Gamo, an 8th-century French Benedictine monk. The French pronunciation "San-Gamo" is the legacy.

Prior to being elected President of the United States, Abraham Lincoln represented Sangamon County in the Illinois Legislature. Lincoln, along with several other legislators, was instrumental in securing the Sangamon County seat, Springfield, as the state's capital. Sangamon County was also among the area represented by Lincoln when he served in the US House of Representatives. Another legislator who represented Sangamon County was Colonel Edmund Dick Taylor, also known as "Father of the Greenback". The prominent financiers and industrialists Jacob Bunn and John Whitfield Bunn were based in Springfield, Sangamon County, Illinois, as well as in Chicago, during the nineteenth century and the early twentieth century. The careers of these men and the people with whom they collaborated helped to shape much of the history and development of Sangamon County, Illinois.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 877 square miles (2,270 km2), of which 868 square miles (2,250 km2) is land and 8.7 square miles (23 km2) (1.0%) is water.

Climate and weather

Weather chart for Springfield, Illinois
J F M A M J J A S O N D
 
 
1.6
 
33
17
 
 
1.8
 
39
22
 
 
3.2
 
51
32
 
 
3.4
 
63
42
 
 
4.1
 
74
53
 
 
3.8
 
83
62
 
 
3.5
 
87
66
 
 
3.4
 
85
64
 
 
2.8
 
79
55
 
 
2.6
 
67
44
 
 
2.9
 
51
34
 
 
2.5
 
38
23
temperatures in °F
precipitation totals in inches
source: The Weather Channel

In recent years, average temperatures in the county seat of Springfield have ranged from a low of 17 °F (−8 °C) in January to a high of 87 °F (31 °C) in July, although a record low of −24 °F (−31 °C) was recorded in February 1905 and a record high of 112 °F (44 °C) was recorded in July 1954. Average monthly precipitation ranged from 1.62 inches (41 mm) in January to 4.06 inches (103 mm) in May.

Major highways

  • I-55.svg Interstate 55
  • Business Loop 55.svg Interstate 55 Business Loop
  • I-72.svg Interstate 72
  • US 36.svg U.S. Route 36
  • Illinois 4.svg Illinois Route 4
  • Illinois 29.svg Illinois Route 29
  • Illinois 54.svg Illinois Route 54
  • Illinois 97.svg Illinois Route 97
  • Illinois 104.svg Illinois Route 104
  • Illinois 124.svg Illinois Route 124
  • Illinois 123.svg Illinois Route 123
  • Illinois 125.svg Illinois Route 125

Adjacent counties

National protected areas

State protected areas

  • Sangchris Lake State Recreation Area

Demographics

Historical population
Census Pop.
1830 12,960
1840 14,716 13.5%
1850 19,228 30.7%
1860 32,274 67.8%
1870 46,352 43.6%
1880 52,894 14.1%
1890 61,195 15.7%
1900 71,593 17.0%
1910 91,024 27.1%
1920 100,262 10.1%
1930 111,733 11.4%
1940 117,912 5.5%
1950 131,484 11.5%
1960 146,539 11.5%
1970 161,335 10.1%
1980 176,089 9.1%
1990 178,386 1.3%
2000 188,951 5.9%
2010 197,465 4.5%
2020 196,343 −0.6%
U.S. Decennial Census
1790-1960 1900-1990
1990-2000 2010-2019

As of the 2010 census, there were 197,465 people, 82,986 households, and 51,376 families residing in the county. The population density was 227.4 inhabitants per square mile (87.8/km2). There were 89,901 housing units at an average density of 103.5 per square mile (40.0/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 83.6% white, 11.8% black or African American, 1.6% Asian, 0.2% American Indian, 0.5% from other races, and 2.2% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 1.8% of the population. In terms of ancestry, 29.4% were German, 14.8% were Irish, 12.1% were English, 9.5% were American, and 6.3% were Italian.

Of the 82,986 households, 30.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.4% were married couples living together, 13.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 38.1% were non-families, and 31.8% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.33 and the average family size was 2.94. The median age was 39.2 years.

The median income for a household in the county was $52,232 and the median income for a family was $66,917. Males had a median income of $48,324 versus $36,691 for females. The per capita income for the county was $28,394. About 9.9% of families and 13.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.7% of those under age 18 and 7.3% of those age 65 or over.

Communities

Cities

Villages

Unincorporated communities

Townships

Sangamon County is divided into these townships:

  • Auburn
  • Ball
  • Buffalo Hart
  • Capital
  • Cartwright
  • Chatham
  • Clear Lake
  • Cooper
  • Cotton Hill
  • Curran
  • Divernon
  • Fancy Creek
  • Gardner
  • Illiopolis
  • Island Grove
  • Lanesville
  • Loami
  • Maxwell
  • Mechanicsburg
  • New Berlin
  • Pawnee
  • Rochester
  • Salisbury (former, now defunct)
  • Springfield
  • Talkington
  • Williams
  • Woodside

Images for kids

See also

Kids robot.svg In Spanish: Condado de Sangamon para niños

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