Spanish Republican government in exile facts for kids

Quick facts for kids Government of the Spanish Republic in exile Gobierno de la República Española en el exilio
1939–1977
Flag Coat of arms
Motto: Plus Ultra "Further Beyond"
Anthem: Himno de Riego "Anthem of Riego"
Status	Government in exile
Capital	Madrid Capital in exile: Paris (1939-1940/1946-1977) Mexico City (1940-1946)
Common languages	Spanish
Government	Multi-party Republic
President
• 1939–1940 (first)	Diego Martínez Barrio
• 1970–1977 (last)	José Maldonado Gonzalez
Prime Minister
• 1939–1945 (first)	Juan Negrín
• 1971–1977 (last)	Fernando Valera Aparicio
Historical era	Interwar period / Cold War
• Established	4 April 1939
• Disestablished	1 July 1977
ISO 3166 code	ES
Preceded by Succeeded by Second Spanish Republic Spain

Order of the Spanish Republic.

The Government of the Spanish Republic in exile (Spanish: Gobierno de la República Española en el exilio) was a continuation in exile of the government of the Second Spanish Republic following the victory of Francisco Franco's forces in the Spanish Civil War. It existed until the restoration of parliamentary democracy in 1977.

History

Following the fall of the Republic in April 1939, the President (Manuel Azaña) and Prime Minister (Juan Negrín) went into exile in France. Azaña resigned his post and died in November 1940. He was succeeded as President by Diego Martínez Barrio, who had been Prime Minister in 1936. Following the Occupation of France, the government was reconstituted in Mexico, which under the left-wing President Lázaro Cárdenas continued to recognise the Republic, although Negrín spent the war years in London. Negrín resigned as Prime Minister in 1945 and was succeeded by José Giral.

Until 1945, the exiled Republicans had high hopes that at the end of World War II in Europe, Franco's regime would be removed from power by the victorious Allies and that they would be able to return to Spain. When these hopes were disappointed, the government-in-exile faded away to a purely symbolic role. The government moved back to Paris in 1946. There was also a Basque government in exile and a Catalan government in exile.

In the immediate postwar period it had diplomatic relations with Mexico, Panama, Guatemala, Venezuela, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Yugoslavia, Romania, and Albania. But the United States, the United Kingdom, France and the Soviet Union did not recognise it.

Following Franco's death in 1975, King Juan Carlos initiated a democratic transition. In 1977 the exiled Republicans accepted the re-establishment of the monarchy and recognised Juan Carlos' government as the legitimate government of Spain. The key moment came when Socialist leaders Felipe González and Javier Solana met Juan Carlos at Zarzuela Palace in Madrid–a tacit endorsement of the monarchy by the previously staunchly republican Socialists.

On 1 July 1977, the Government of the Spanish Republic was formally dissolved. In a gesture of reconciliation, Juan Carlos received the exile leaders at a ceremony in Madrid.

Presidents in exile

#	Portrait	Coat of arms	Name	President From	President Until	Political Party
			Diego Martínez Barrio Interim	March 3, 1939	May 11, 1940	Republican Union
			Álvaro de Albornoz y Liminiana Interim	May 11, 1940	August 17, 1945	Independent
1			Diego Martínez Barrio	August 17, 1945	January 1, 1962	Republican Union
2			Luis Jiménez de Asúa	January 1, 1962	November 16, 1970	Spanish Socialist Workers' Party
3			José Maldonado Gonzalez	November 16, 1970	July 1, 1977	Republican Left

Prime Ministers in exile

Spanish Republican government in exile (1939–1977)

Portrait		Name (Birth–Death)	Term of office			Political Party	President (Term)
			Took office	Left office	Days
		Juan Negrín (1892–1956)	31 March 1939	17 August 1945	2331	Spanish Socialist Workers' Party	Álvaro de Albornoz (1939–1945)
		José Giral (1879–1962)	17 August 1945	9 February 1947	541	Republican Left	Diego Martínez Barrio (1945–1962)
		Rodolfo Llopis (1895–1983)	9 February 1947	8 August 1947	180	Spanish Socialist Workers' Party
		Álvaro de Albornoz (1879–1954)	8 August 1947	13 August 1951	1558	Republican Union
		Felix Gordón (1885–1973)	13 August 1951	17 April 1960	3170	Republican Union
		Emilio Herrera (1879–1967)	17 April 1960	28 February 1962	682	Independent
		Claudio Sánchez-Albornoz (1893–1984)	28 February 1962	28 February 1971	3287	Republican Union	Luis Jiménez de Asúa (1962–1970)
		Fernando Valera (1899–1982)	28 February 1971	21 June 1977	2305	Republican Union	José Maldonado Gonzalez (1970–1977)

See also

In Spanish: Segunda República española en el exilio para niños