Wallingford is a town in New Haven County, Connecticut, United States, centrally located between New Haven and Hartford, and Boston and New York City. The town is part of the South Central Connecticut Planning Region and the New York Metropolitan Area. The population was 44,396 at the 2020 census. The community was named after Wallingford, in England.

History
Education
- Private schools
Geography
- Principal communities
Demographics
Economy
- Top employers
Transportation
- Mass transit
- Airports
Municipal electric utility
Sports
Notable people
Points of interest
- National Register of Historic Places
See also

History

Wallingford, Connecticut, is deeply woven into the fabric of early American history, from its founding to its connection with some of the most influential figures of the colonial era. Established on October 10, 1667, by the Connecticut General Assembly, Wallingford was founded by a group of 38 planters and freemen, including notable figures such as John Moss, Samuel Street, and Robert Wallace. These early settlers chose a strategic location near the Quinnipiac River, which is now the area known as Main Street. By May 12, 1670, the settlement had grown to include 126 residents living in temporary housing, and by 1675, 40 permanent homes had been constructed, signaling the town's early growth and stability.

One of Wallingford’s early settlers was Thomas Yale, an influential figure in the New Haven Colony and an ancestor of Elihu Yale, the benefactor after whom Yale University is named. Thomas Yale was a signatory of the Wallingford plantation covenant in 1667, marking the formal establishment of the town.

Wallingford’s historical significance extends to its involvement in key moments of colonial America. In 1697, the town became the site of New England's last witchcraft trial when Winifred Benham was accused of witchcraft. She was tried three times in Wallingford but was acquitted on each occasion, marking the end of the witch trials in the region. This event reflects the lingering fears and superstitions of the era, even as the fervor of the Salem witch trials had begun to fade.

The town also played a critical role in America’s fight for independence, with Lyman Hall being one of its most distinguished sons. Born in Wallingford in 1724, Lyman Hall went on to become a prominent physician and statesman who represented Georgia in the Continental Congress. Hall was one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence, underscoring Wallingford’s deep ties to the founding of the United States. His contributions to the Revolutionary cause exemplify the town’s commitment to the ideals of liberty and self-governance.

As Wallingford entered the 19th century, it began to transform from an agricultural community into an industrial hub. The arrival of the railroad in the 1840s, specifically the New Haven and Hartford Railroad (later part of the New York, New Haven, and Hartford Railroad), further accelerated the town's growth. The railroad connected Wallingford to larger markets in the Northeast, facilitating the transport of goods, including the town's famous silver products, and spurring the development of new industries.

Wallingford became particularly renowned for its silver production, with companies like Hall, Elton & Co., Simpson, Hall, Miller & Co., and R. Wallace & Sons gaining national prominence. One of the key figures in this industry was Samuel Simpson, a local industrialist and philanthropist who played a pivotal role in Wallingford’s rise as a center of silver manufacturing. Simpson, Hall, Miller & Co., which he co-founded, became one of the leading producers of silverware in the country. Samuel Simpson’s contributions were instrumental in establishing Wallingford as a major hub for silver production. His company eventually became part of the International Silver Company, headquartered in the neighboring city of Meriden, which solidified the region's status as a global center for silver manufacturing.

In the 19th century, Wallingford was also the birthplace of Moses Y. Beach, a prominent figure in American journalism. Born in 1800, Beach became the owner of the New York Sun and was known for pioneering the "penny press," making newspapers affordable to the general public. He is also credited for being a leading founder of the Associated Press.

However, Wallingford was not immune to tragedy. On August 9, 1878, a devastating tornado struck the town, leaving a path of destruction and claiming the lives of at least 29, and possibly as many as 34, residents. This tornado remains the deadliest in Connecticut's history, and the disaster left a lasting impact on the community.

The 20th century marked a period of suburbanization for Wallingford, as the town transitioned from an industrial hub to a residential community while retaining its economic diversity. The post-World War II era saw significant growth in Wallingford’s population, driven by the suburban boom that reshaped much of America. New housing developments sprang up, attracting families looking for a balance between the conveniences of city life and the charm of a smaller town.

Despite the suburbanization, Wallingford continued to attract businesses, maintaining a robust economic base. The town became a hub for various industries, including medical, healthcare, high-tech specialty manufacturing, and research and development. The development of several industrial parks—Barnes Industrial Park, Casimir Pulaski Industrial Park, Centract Park, and MedWay Industrial Park—helped attract a wide range of businesses, further diversifying Wallingford's tax base. The establishment of an Interchange Zone at the intersection of Interstate 91 and Route 68 facilitated the growth of office parks, research centers, and hotels, cementing Wallingford's role as a key economic center in the region.

One of the most significant industrial presences in Wallingford during the late 20th and early 21st centuries was the Bristol-Myers Squibb Company. The pharmaceutical giant established a research and development facility in Wallingford's MedWay Industrial Park, becoming the town's largest taxpayer and a key contributor to its economy. However, in 2017, Bristol-Myers Squibb relocated its operations, and the facility was subsequently demolished in 2018.

New York Insulated Wire Company, 1910.
Library and Marlborough House, c. 1909.
Bridge and falls at Quinnipiac River in Wallingford, 1907.

Education

Wallingford is served by the Wallingford Public School District, which includes several elementary schools, two middle schools (Dag Hammarskjold and James H. Moran), and two high schools (Mark T. Sheehan and Lyman Hall). The district offers a range of academic programs, including Advanced Placement courses, STEM education, and arts programs. Lyman Hall High School features a specialized agricultural science program. The district also provides special education services, English language learning programs, and a variety of sports programs, including football, soccer, basketball, and track and field.

Choate Rosemary Hall Campus

Private schools

Wallingford is also home to three private schools:

Choate Rosemary Hall, a private, co-educational, college-preparatory boarding school
Heritage Baptist Academy
Holy Trinity School

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 39.9 square miles (103.3 km²), of which 39.0 square miles (101.1 km²) is land and 0.9 square miles (2.2 km²), or 2.16%, is water.

The town of Wallingford sits astride the Quinnipiac River in northern New Haven County, roughly 90 miles northeast of New York City. It is 5 miles (8 km) south of Meriden and about 13 miles (21 km) north of New Haven. Towns bordering Wallingford are Cheshire, Durham, Hamden, Meriden, Middlefield, North Branford and North Haven. Situated in the Hartford-New Haven-Springfield corridor, Wallingford is traversed by U.S. Route 5, Interstate 91, and State Highways Route 15 (Wilbur Cross Parkway), Route 68, Route 71 and Route 150.

Principal communities

East Wallingford
Quinnipiac (partly in North Haven)
Tracy
Wallingford Center
Yalesville

Demographics

Historical population
Census	Pop.	%±
1820	2,237	—
1850	2,595	—
1860	3,206	23.5%
1870	3,676	14.7%
1880	4,686	27.5%
1890	6,584	40.5%
1900	9,001	36.7%
1910	11,155	23.9%
1920	12,010	7.7%
1930	14,278	18.9%
1940	14,788	3.6%
1950	16,976	14.8%
1960	29,920	76.2%
1970	35,714	19.4%
1980	37,274	4.4%
1990	40,822	9.5%
2000	43,026	5.4%
2010	45,135	4.9%
2020	44,396	−1.6%
U.S. Decennial Census

As of 2022, Wallingford is home to approximately 44,446 residents. The racial makeup leans white (80.2%), with a notable Hispanic presence (11.6%) and smaller proportions of Asian (4.4%) and other groups. The median age sits at 44.3, indicating a blend of families and young professionals. Family households comprise 63% of the total, with 24% having children under their roof.

Wallingford’s 2023 median household income was $101,572, and the median family income was $123,493. The average household and family income was $120,987 and $145,477 respectively. Compared to the national average, Wallingford's median income is significantly higher, putting it in the top 25% of U.S. households.

Economy

Top employers

Top employers in Wallingford according to the town's 2022 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report:

#	Employer	# of Employees
1	Town of Wallingford	1,478
2	Anthem BC/BS	1,225
3	Gaylord Hospital	529
4	Community Health Network of CT	438
5	Masonic Healthcare Center	417
6	Choate Rosemary Hall	299
7	Ulbrich Stainless Steels & Special Metals, Inc.	215
8	BYK	197
9	Thurston Foods Inc	169
10	Fosdick Fulfillment Corp	157

Transportation

Wallingford train station is served by the Hartford Line and Amtrak

Mass transit

Wallingford is also located on the New Haven–Springfield Line, with daily passenger service to points north and south, providing direct access to New York City along with Boston via a connection in New Haven. It is served at Wallingford station by the CT Rail (Connecticut Department of Transportation) Hartford Line trains and by Amtrak's Hartford Line, Northeast Regional, and Valley Flyer.

Airports

Tweed New Haven Airport (HVN) in East Haven, Westchester County Airport in Westchester County, and Bradley International Airport (BDL) in Windsor Locks are the closest commercial airports to Wallingford.

Municipal electric utility

The Wallingford Electric Division (WED) is a municipally owned utility that provides electricity to the town. Established in 1899, WED is one of Connecticut's few municipal electric utilities, operating under the town's governance. It supplies electricity to residents and businesses, and is known for offering reliable service at competitive rates.

WED is responsible for the generation, distribution, and maintenance of the town's electrical infrastructure, focusing on efficiency and reliability. The Wallingford Electric Division is overseen by the Public Utilities Commission of Wallingford, which manages its operations, finances, and strategic planning. The division's mission is to deliver cost-effective, dependable electric service while meeting the evolving needs of the community.

Sports

In 1943 and 1944 the Boston Braves held spring training in Wallingford at Choate's Winter Exercise Building. The town is the home of the Connecticut Bearcats, a New England Football League team.

Notable people

Erich Auerbach, German philologist
Moses Yale Beach, American inventor, entrepreneur, philanthropist and publisher, who started the Associated Press, and is credited with originating print syndication
William Yale Beach, early banker of Wallingford, real estate developer in the city, son of Moses Yale Beach
Stephen R. Bradley, United States Senator
Michael Buckley, YouTuber
Mary Atwater Choate, cofounded Choate Rosemary Hall
William Gardner Choate, American judge, cofounded Choate Rosemary Hall
Bates Cooke, US Congressman
D.J. Cotrona, actor
Pasquale DeBaise (1926–2022), businessman and Connecticut state legislator
Beverly Donofrio, author
Morton Downey, singer, businessman
Morton Downey, Jr. (1932–2001), talk show host
Lauren Geremia, interior designer
Robert Gober, influential contemporary artist
Lyman Hall, an American Founding Father, physician, clergyman, statesman, and Declaration of Independence signatory
Dorothy Kosinski, art scholar
Raoul Lufbery, World War I flying ace
John A. McGuire, member of the United States House of Representatives
Art Nugent, cartoonist, creator of Uncle Art's Funland
Jay Allen Sanford, author and cartoonist
Samuel Simpson, silversmith industrialist and entrepreneur
Hilton Valentine (1943–2021), musician associated with The Animals, moved to Wallingford in 1977
Theophilus Yale, captain, magistrate and early settler of Wallingford
Elihu Yale, captain, pioneer bayonet manufacturer in Connecticut
Charles Dwight Yale, Connecticut State Senator, businessman, co-proprietor of Simpson, Hall, Miller & Co.
Thomas Yale, one of the cofounders of Wallingford, son of Capt. Thomas Yale

Points of interest

Paul Mellon Arts Center, designed by I. M. Pei.

Choate Rosemary Hall
Oakdale Theatre
Paul Mellon Arts Center
Yalesville Underpass

National Register of Historic Places

Ten buildings and districts in Wallingford are listed on the National Register of Historic Places:

Center Street Cemetery, added August 1, 1997
Franklin Johnson House, added November 23, 1998
John Barker House, added August 3, 1974
Joseph Blakeslee House, added April 13, 1998
Nehemiah Royce House, added August 24, 1998
Samuel Parsons House, added April 12, 1982
Samuel Simpson House, added June 18, 1986
Theophilus Jones House, added January 30, 1992
Wallingford Center Historic District, added December 2, 1993
Wallingford railroad station, added November 19, 1993

Wallingford, Connecticut facts for kids

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