Bath County, Virginia facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Bath County
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Bath County Courthouse in Warm Springs
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Location within the U.S. state of Virginia
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 Virginia's location within the U.S. |
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| Country |  United States |
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| State |  Virginia |
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| Founded | 1790 | ||||
| Named for | Bath, England | ||||
| Seat | Warm Springs | ||||
| Largest community | Hot Springs | ||||
| Area | |||||
| • Total | 535 sq mi (1,390 km2) | ||||
| • Land | 529 sq mi (1,370 km2) | ||||
| • Water | 5 sq mi (10 km2) 1.0% | ||||
| Population
(2020)
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| • Total | 4,209 | ||||
| • Density | 7.867/sq mi (3.038/km2) | ||||
| Time zone | UTC−5 (Eastern) | ||||
| • Summer (DST) | UTC−4 (EDT) | ||||
| Congressional district | 6th | ||||
Bath County is a United States county on the central western border of the Commonwealth of Virginia, on the West Virginia state line. As of the 2020 census, the population was 4,209, the second-least populous county in Virginia. Bath's county seat is Warm Springs.
Contents
History and economy
Bath County was created on December 14, 1790, from parts of Augusta, Botetourt, and Greenbrier counties. Due to the many mineral springs found in the area, the county was named for the English spa and resort city of Bath. In the early 1700s, before the county was formed, the area that subsequently became Bath County was settled by immigrants from England. The families who settled in what has since become Bath County came to Virginia from the English regions of Hampshire, Wiltshire, Gloucestershire, Northamptonshire, the western portion of Sussex, Dorset, Somerset, Norfolk, Suffolk, Surrey, Kent and Lincolnshire. This was notable because much of Shenandoah Valley region was settled by Scots-Irish immigrants and German farmers, both of whom were moving southward from Pennsylvania, whereas by contrast, what has since become Bath County was almost exclusively English. By the year 1800, Bath County was exclusively inhabited by first generation English immigrants and their Virginia-born children. This population was mostly subsistence farmers, though some were also artisans and smaller amounts were shopkeepers.
Like its namesake, Bath County's economy is focused on tourism and recreation. The county's major employer is The Omni Homestead, a resort and historic hotel built in 1766 as "The Homestead" in Hot Springs. Additional recreational opportunities are provided by camping and fishing at Lake Moomaw in the southern part of the county.
Ecology
The Nature Conservancy owns more than 9,000 acres (36 km2) of forest habitat in the county, established as the Warm Springs Mountain Preserve, which adds additional protection to some of the most ecologically significant habitats in the Central Appalachian Mountains. Montane pine barrens are globally rare habitat, appearing as dwarfed shrublands, and only known in Virginia to occur on Warm Springs Mountain.
Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 535 square miles (1,390 km2), of which 529 square miles (1,370 km2) are land and 5 square miles (13 km2) (1.0%) are water. 89% of Bath County is forest, with 51% in George Washington National Forest and 6% in Douthat State Park. The county is one of the 423 counties served by the Appalachian Regional Commission, and it is identified as part of "Greater Appalachia" by Colin Woodard in his book American Nations: A History of the Eleven Rival Regional Cultures of North America.
Located along the western central border with West Virginia, Bath County contains a number of villages, including Hot Springs, Warm Springs, Millboro and Mountain Grove. Hot Springs and Warm Springs are the most well known of the villages, given their natural mineral springs. Bath County is the only county in Virginia without a traffic signal.
Adjacent counties
- Highland County – north
- Augusta County – northeast
- Rockbridge County – east
- Alleghany County – south
- Greenbrier County, West Virginia – southwest
- Pocahontas County, West Virginia – west
National protected areas
- George Washington National Forest (part)
- United States National Radio Quiet Zone (part)
Major highways
US 220
SR 39
SR 42
Demographics
| Historical population | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Census | Pop. | %± | |
| 1800 | 5,508 | — | |
| 1810 | 4,837 | −12.2% | |
| 1820 | 5,237 | 8.3% | |
| 1830 | 4,002 | −23.6% | |
| 1840 | 4,300 | 7.4% | |
| 1850 | 3,486 | −18.9% | |
| 1860 | 3,676 | 5.5% | |
| 1870 | 3,795 | 3.2% | |
| 1880 | 4,482 | 18.1% | |
| 1890 | 4,587 | 2.3% | |
| 1900 | 5,595 | 22.0% | |
| 1910 | 6,538 | 16.9% | |
| 1920 | 6,389 | −2.3% | |
| 1930 | 8,137 | 27.4% | |
| 1940 | 7,191 | −11.6% | |
| 1950 | 6,296 | −12.4% | |
| 1960 | 5,335 | −15.3% | |
| 1970 | 5,192 | −2.7% | |
| 1980 | 5,860 | 12.9% | |
| 1990 | 4,799 | −18.1% | |
| 2000 | 5,048 | 5.2% | |
| 2010 | 4,731 | −6.3% | |
| 2020 | 4,209 | −11.0% | |
| U.S. Decennial Census 1790-1960 1900-1990 1990-2000 2010 2020 |
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2020 census
| Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) | Pop 2010 | Pop 2020 | % 2010 | % 2020 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| White alone (NH) | 4,363 | 3,941 | 92.22% | 91.26% |
| Black or African American alone (NH) | 213 | 114 | 4.50% | 2.71% |
| Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) | 5 | 3 | 0.11% | 0.07% |
| Asian alone (NH) | 7 | 17 | 0.15% | 0.40% |
| Pacific Islander alone (NH) | 0 | 1 | 0.00% | 0.02% |
| Some Other Race alone (NH) | 5 | 4 | 0.11% | 0.10% |
| Mixed Race or Multi-Racial (NH) | 37 | 156 | 0.78% | 3.71% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 101 | 73 | 2.13% | 1.73% |
| Total | 4,731 | 4,209 | 100.00% | 100.00% |
Economy
Tourism and recreation have been the focus of the economy from the time the county was established. The Omni Homestead, a luxury mountain resort in Hot Springs, is the county's major employer.
The resort grew around the area's mineral springs, such as the Jefferson Pools. (As of July 1, 2018, the Jefferson Pools have been closed by the resort. The pools are anticipated to reopen once the safety of their surrounding structures is verified.)
Bath County is also home to the Bath County Pumped Storage Station, a pumped storage hydroelectric power plant.
Education
The county has two elementary schools (serving students from pre-kindergarten to seventh grade) and one high school (serving students in grades 8 through 12). Around 555 students are enrolled in the school system.
Media
The Recorder is the newspaper of record serving Bath, Highland, and the Allegheny Highlands region of Virginia. Newspaper offices are located in Monterey (Highland County) and Mitchelltown (Bath County).
Communities
Census-designated places
Other unincorporated communities
Notable people
- Custer LaRue, soprano vocalist
- Creigh Deeds, Virginia Senator (25th District)
- Jailyn Ford, NPF pitcher
- Dan Ingalls, computer scientist, president of the Homestead
- Lyttleton Morgan, chairman of the board of trustees and namesake of Morgan State University
- John Phillips, NFL tight end
- Sam Snead, professional golfer
See also
In Spanish: Condado de Bath (Virginia) para niños
