Cumberland County, Pennsylvania facts for kids

Cumberland County
Quick facts for kids Cumberland County
	U.S. county
	Cumberland County Courthouse
	Location within the U.S. state of Pennsylvania
	; Pennsylvania's location within the U.S.;
Country	United States
State	Pennsylvania
Founded	January 27, 1750
Seat	Carlisle
Largest borough	Carlisle
Area
• Total	550 sq mi (1,400 km2)
• Land	545 sq mi (1,410 km2)
• Water	4.8 sq mi (12 km2) 0.9%%
Population
• Estimate (2015)	246,338
• Density	452/sq mi (175/km2)
Time zone	UTC−5 (Eastern)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−4 (EDT)
Congressional districts	4th, 11th
	Pennsylvania Historical Marker
Designated:	May 17, 1982

Cumberland County is a county located in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. As of the 2010 census, the population was 235,406. Its county seat is Carlisle.

Cumberland County is included in the Harrisburg-Carlisle, PA Metropolitan Statistical Area.

History

Plaque at Middle Spring Presbyterian Church

Cumberland County was first settled by a majority of Scots-Irish immigrants who arrived in this area about 1730. English and German settlers constituted about ten percent of the early population. The settlers originally mostly devoted the area to farming and later developed other trades. These settlers built the Middle Spring Presbyterian Church, among the oldest houses of worship in central Pennsylvania, in 1738 near present-day Shippensburg, Pennsylvania.

The General Assembly (legislature) of the Pennsylvania colony on January 27, 1750, created Cumberland County from Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, naming it for Cumberland, England. Its county seat is Carlisle. The county also lies within the Cumberland Valley adjoining the Susquehanna River at its eastern border, stretching approximately 42 miles from the borough of Shippensburg on the west to the Susquehanna River in east Cumberland County.

"Old Main" at Shippensburg University of Pennsylvania

The oldest towns in the county are Shippensburg, Pennsylvania, and Carlisle, Pennsylvania, each with its unique history. Shippensburg is home to Shippensburg University of Pennsylvania, one of 14 universities of the Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education. Carlisle is also home to Dickinson College, established in 1773, and the Penn State Dickinson School of Law.

U.S. Army War College

The United States Army War College is a United States Army school located in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, on the 500 acre (2 km²) campus of the historic Carlisle Barracks, a military post dating back to the 1770s. It caters to high-level military personnel and civilians and prepares them for strategic leadership responsibilities. It is the U. S. Army's most senior military educational institution.

During the Gettysburg campaign of the American Civil War in the summer of 1863, Confederate troops marched through the Cumberland Valley, briefly occupying much of Cumberland County.

In the 20th century, the suburbs of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, the state capital, expanded extensively into eastern Cumberland County. Carlisle also developed suburbs in adjoining townships.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 550 square miles (1,400 km²), of which 545 square miles (1,410 km²) is land and 4.8 square miles (12 km²) (0.9%) is water.

Adjacent counties

Perry County (north)
Dauphin County (east)
York County (southeast)
Adams County (southwest)
Franklin County (west)

Major highways

I-76 / Penna Turnpike
I-81
I-83
US 11 / US 15
PA 34
PA 74
PA 581 (Capital Beltway)
PA 641
PA 944

State protected areas

Demographics

Historical population
Census	Pop.	%±
1790	18,208	—
1800	25,386	39.4%
1810	26,757	5.4%
1820	23,606	−11.8%
1830	29,226	23.8%
1840	30,953	5.9%
1850	34,327	10.9%
1860	40,098	16.8%
1870	43,912	9.5%
1880	45,977	4.7%
1890	47,271	2.8%
1900	50,344	6.5%
1910	54,479	8.2%
1920	58,578	7.5%
1930	68,236	16.5%
1940	74,806	9.6%
1950	94,457	26.3%
1960	124,816	32.1%
1970	158,177	26.7%
1980	178,541	12.9%
1990	195,257	9.4%
2000	213,670	9.4%
2010	235,406	10.2%
Est. 2015	246,338	4.6%
U.S. Decennial Census 1790-1960 1900-1990 1990-2000 2010-2013

As of the census of 2000, there were 213,674 people, 83,015 households, and 56,118 families residing in the county. The population density was 388 people per square mile (150/km²). There were 86,951 housing units at an average density of 158 per square mile (61/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 94.40% White, 2.36% Black or African American, 0.13% Native American, 1.67% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 0.43% from other races, and 0.97% from two or more races. 1.35% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 35.3% were of German, 10.6% American, 10.1% Irish, 7.5% English and 6.8% Italian ancestry according to Census 2000. 94.7% spoke English and 1.4% Spanish as their first language.

There were 83,015 households out of which 29.50% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.50% were married couples living together, 8.00% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.40% were non-families. 26.70% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.30% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.41 and the average family size was 2.92.

In the county, the population was spread out with 22.00% under the age of 18, 10.60% from 18 to 24, 28.50% from 25 to 44, 24.10% from 45 to 64, and 14.90% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 95.20 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.70 males.

Its per capita income is $31,627, making it the wealthiest Pennsylvania county outside greater Philadelphia, and fifth wealthiest overall.

Metropolitan Statistical Area

The United States Office of Management and Budget has designated Cumberland County as the Harrisburg-Carlisle, PA Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA). As of the 2010 U.S. Census the metropolitan area ranked 6th most populous in the State of Pennsylvania and the 96th most populous in the United States with a population of 549,475. Cumberland County is also a part of the larger Harrisburg-York-Lebanon, PA Combined Statistical Area (CSA), which combines the populations of Cumberland County as well as Adams, Dauphin, Lebanon, Perry and York Counties in Pennsylvania. The Combined Statistical Area ranked 5th in the State of Pennsylvania and 43rd most populous in the United States with a population of 1,219,422.

Communities

Map of Cumberland County, Pennsylvania with Municipal Labels showing Boroughs (red), Townships (white), and Census-designated places (blue).

Under Pennsylvania law, there are four types of incorporated municipalities: cities, boroughs, townships, and, in at most two cases, towns. The following boroughs and townships are located in Cumberland County:

Boroughs

Camp Hill
Carlisle (county seat)
Lemoyne
Mechanicsburg
Mount Holly Springs
New Cumberland
Newburg
Newville
Shippensburg (partly in Franklin County)
Shiremanstown
Wormleysburg

Townships

Cooke
Dickinson
East Pennsboro
Hampden
Hopewell
Lower Allen
Lower Frankford
Lower Mifflin
Middlesex
Monroe
North Middleton
North Newton
Penn
Shippensburg
Silver Spring
South Middleton
South Newton
Southampton
Upper Allen
Upper Frankford
Upper Mifflin
West Pennsboro

Census-designated places

Census-designated places are geographical areas designated by the U.S. Census Bureau for the purposes of compiling demographic data. They are not actual jurisdictions under Pennsylvania law. Other unincorporated communities, such as villages, may be listed here as well.

Boiling Springs
Enola
Lower Allen
Messiah College
New Kingstown
Plainfield
Schlusser
Shippensburg University
West Fairview

Unincorporated communities

Population ranking

The population ranking of the following table is based on the 2010 census of Cumberland County.

† county seat

Rank	City/Town/etc.	Municipal type	Population (2010 Census)
1	† Carlisle	Borough	18,682
2	Mechanicsburg	Borough	8,981
3	Camp Hill	Borough	7,888
4	New Cumberland	Borough	7,277
5	Lower Allen	CDP	6,694
6	Enola	CDP	6,111
7	Shippensburg (partially in Franklin County)	Borough	5,492
8	Schlusser	CDP	5,265
9	Lemoyne	Borough	4,553
10	Boiling Springs	CDP	3,225
11	Wormleysburg	Borough	3,070
12	Shippensburg University	CDP	2,625
13	Messiah College	CDP	2,215
14	Mount Holly Springs	Borough	2,030
15	Shiremanstown	Borough	1,569
16	Newville	Borough	1,326
17	West Fairview	CDP	1,282
18	New Kingstown	CDP	495
19	Plainfield	CDP	399
20	Newburg	Borough	336

Images for kids

Map of Cumberland County, Pennsylvania School Districts